Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
1
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
1-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
ABSTRACT
The article presents theoretical studies of the uniformity of movement of cotton layers on a roller conveyor, where an
expression for finding the gaps between the rollers is determined, as well as the results of the experiments carried
out on the main parameters of the receiving device, the optimal criteria for the values of the gaps between the rollers
are determined - from 10 to 15 mm.
KEYWORDS
Raw cotton, receiving device, rollers, gaps, parameters, research, experiments.
INTRODUCTION
Currently, various mechanisms are used for handling
raw cotton, but all of them have their own drawbacks,
which can be fully eliminated. To solve the reliability of
cotton handling, a new design of the raw cotton intake
is proposed based on the improvement of the design
of the HPP brand in the bottom, which instead of the
Research Article
STUDY OF UNIFORMITY OF MOTION LAYERS OF RAW COTTON ON
ROLLER CONVEYOR
Submission Date:
December 25, 2021,
Accepted Date:
January 05, 2022,
Published Date:
January 15, 2022 |
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajet/Volume04Issue01-01
Djamolov R.K.
“Pakhtasanoat Ilmiy Markazi” JSC, Uzbekistan
Korabelnikova T.N.
“Pakhtasanoat Ilmiy Markazi” JSC, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theamericanjou
rnals.com/index.php/ta
jet
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
2
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
1-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
conveyor belt is installed a roller table with a longer
service life (Fig. 1). In addition, this design allows you to
separate some of the trash impurities from the cotton
mass when overloading between the rollers of the
roller table.
1
7
6
3
5
4
2
5
Fig. 1. Enhanced Receiver
1-frame, 2-rollers, 3-tailgate, 4-peg strips,
5-motor reducer, 6-portable belt conveyor, 7-apron.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL RESEARCH
To determine the geometric parameters of this device,
we will use the theory of bulk cargo. First of all, we find
the size of the gap between the rollers, and then their
diameter. These two factors significantly affect the
performance of the device, and they are closely
interrelated. The third factor will be the speed of the
rollers.
To find the parameters of the gaps between the rollers,
we investigate the uniformity of movement of the
layers of the transported material on the conveyor. The
condition of movement at the very beginning can be
noted the compaction of the load in the gaps between
the rollers, in which the upper layers squeeze the lower
ones, thus the formation of a lower substrate of high
density occurs. And the movement will be in layers, as
shown in Figure 2.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
3
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
1-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
Fig. 2. The movement of the layer during the compaction of the substrate.
Layers 2 are considered moving, layers 1 can be
considered static.
That is, the motion has a wave character, layers 2 push
layers 1 and then take their place and become
motionless, etc. higher layers of material may remain in
place [1].
Let's select a section in layers 1 with a width k and a
height dH, the force from the upper layers of gravity of
the upper ones presses on it, and it is compacted to
such an extent that the selected layer does not
disintegrate during movement. Let's compose the
equations for such a motion. Moreover, we will divide
the problem into smaller ones and solve it later in a
complex. In this case, the reaction of the support to the
selected area is expressed by the following formula:
* * *
*
R
dH k l
g
(1)
The force with which it will move is equal to:
2
кр
перем
М
F
D
(2)
The force with which the layer of cotton forces moves
(Fig. 3) can be calculated using the following
expression:
(3)
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
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The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
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VOLUME
04
I
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Pages:
1-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
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1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
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Publisher:
The USA Journals
Fig. 3. Design diagram of the forces acting on the cotton layers from the rollers
But here the question of resistance in the idle zone is
raised, and until we consolidate it, the movement
cannot proceed.
Therefore, we introduce into the equation the
resistance force of the movement of the cotton mass
in the idle zone
сопрдвиж
F
, which will begin to move as it
compresses, that is, at first it is not mobile, then when
the driving layer is collected on it, it compresses and
begins to move.
This force can be expressed in terms of mass, and it will
depend on the diameter of the roller and the size of the
gap between the rollers, since the width of the layer
depends on this, knowing the angle of compaction,
which we determined from the above calculations to
simplify the calculation, we will take the angles equal
to find the width of the layer (Fig. 2).
2 cos
cos
db
R
m
D
m
(4)
Moreover, then the reaction of the support from the
fixed layer will be expressed as follows:
'l
g
нс
N
dbh
(5)
The resistance force of movement of this layer will be
equal to:
/
'l g
сопрдвиж
х с
F
dbh
(6)
In this case, the following condition takes place:
сопрдвиж
F
N
(7)
Substituting into expression (6) and (7), (3), (4) we
get the following:
(8)
We
transform
(8)
to
the
following
form:
(9)
And then we transform expression (9) into the
following form:
(10)
From expression (10), you can find the permissible gap
between the rollers for a given diameter.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
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The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
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VOLUME
04
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Pages:
1-9
SJIF
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MPACT
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(2020:
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(2021:
5.
705
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OCLC
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1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
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Publisher:
The USA Journals
The height of the layer, which will be moving, can be
determined from the stability conditions of the latter
from the bulk density of the load, which will affect this
factor. Moreover, it will depend on the internal forces
of adhesion between the cotton. Let's consider this
case (Fig. 4).
Fig. 4. Movement of the cotton layers.
For which we accept the condition
1
1
/
2
2
/
*
*
*
*
x x
x c
p
s
p
s
(11)
Where,
1
p
,
2
p
- is the pressure on the blank layer and
the driving layer, respectively, Pa;
1
s
,
2
s
- is the area
of the idle layer and the moving layer, respectively,
m
2
;
-
/
/
,
x x
x c
- coefficient of friction of the blank layer
and the driving layer, respectively.
As for
2
p
, which will change with the height of the
layer, since it is connected with the bulk density and
will change with the height, as well as from the
compaction during the rotation of the roller, and it can
be written as:
2
2
2
p
mgh
U
(12)
Where U is the pressure from the roller compaction,
Pa.
After substituting the area values and transformations
into (11), we obtain the following formula:
1
/
2
/
* db*
* *
x x
x c
p
p
k
and then we obtain the following condition
/
1
2
/
db
x c
x x
k
p
A
p
(13)
Let us introduce the coefficient A, which characterizes
the stability of the displacement process, when A is
equal to one, the process is stable, the movement is
carried out in uniform layers, when A tends to 0, the
movement is oblique (as shown in Figure 2.), with more
units the process may stop altogether. As can be seen
from the formula, the coefficient A will be
characterized by the wiring between the rollers, since
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
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The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
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2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
1-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
in any case the gap between the rollers will always be
greater than the length of contact with the rollers.
Further, an experimental study of the change in the
gaps between the rollers of the roller table, depending
on the fallout of trash impurities, with the
simultaneous minimization of the fallout of slices of
raw cotton was carried out.
Many scientists [2, 3, 4] studied the fractional
composition of trash impurities in cotton raw
materials. In this case, it is customary to subdivide trash
impurities in accordance with their linear dimensions
into large (more than 10 mm) and small (less than 10
mm).
Considering the above, in particular, there is a
significant amount of small trash impurities in cotton,
the following gaps between the rollers are
determined: 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm. Experimental studies
were carried out by changing the distance between the
rollers from 5 to 20 mm in the indicated ranges with the
passage of raw cotton of high - I-st and low-III industrial
varieties, while the initial cotton weediness of the I-th
industrial grade was 4.6%, moisture content 8 ,5 %; III
grade, weediness 13.8% and humidity 12.8%.
When studying the composition of small litter of the 1st
industrial grade, organic impurities such as: fragments
of leaves, stems and fluffy waste took place.
Due to the fact that in practice in production, cotton
raw materials are often taken with a large amount of
soil, sand and dust-containing waste, an additional
study of the deposition of inorganic impurities was
carried out.
Each experiment was carried out in triplicate, where in
each case cotton was passed in a uniform layer
weighing 50 kg on the stand of the roller table. If for
the 1st industrial grade the weediness is 4,6%, then for
50 kg of cotton there corresponds 2,3 kg (from 100%)
of weeds.
In an experimental study with a change in the gaps
between the rollers, we collected the trash impurities
that fell under the roller table rollers (Fig. 5),
Fig. 5. Weed impurities and volatiles of raw cotton, fallen out under the roller table rollers
1 - cotton wedges, 2 - weeds.
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Weighed and determined the proportion of trash that
fell out under the rollers, calculated as a percentage of
the total trash impurity in the raw cotton.
At the same time, the fallen wedges 1 of raw cotton
were taken into account in weed impurities 2, the
share of which was also determined as a percentage
of the total weediness in raw cotton.
The results of this study are presented by graphs of
the dependences of the influence of the change in
the gap between the rollers of the roller table on
the fallout of trash impurities and cotton slices of I
and III industrial grades, which are presented in
Figures 6 and 7, respectively.
Fig. 6. Influence of the change in the gap between the rollers of the roller table on the fallout of trash impurities and
slices of raw cotton of the I-st industrial grade.
Figure 6 shows that in the process of testing on raw
cotton of the first industrial grade, with an increase in
the gaps between the rollers, the loss of trash in the
range of 15.1-48.3% increases, while the share of
dropped out lobes from raw cotton also increases as a
percentage from weeds from 0-0.5%.
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Fig. 7. Influence of the change in the gap between the rollers on the fallout of trash impurities and slices of raw
cotton III industrial grade
Figure 7 shows that when testing raw cotton of the
third industrial grade, with an increase in the gaps
between the rollers, the dropout of trash impurities
increases within 10,1% to 39,8%, while the share of
dropped lobes from raw cotton also increases as a
percentage of trash impurities - in the range of 0,0-1,4%.
It was observed that with an increase in the gap
between the rollers to 10 mm, some cotton wedges fall
out due to their clamping and pulling between the
rollers of the roller table, and with an increase in the
gap to 15 mm, there is a slight drop - out of the raw
cotton wedges into the litter and with a further
increase in the gaps, the wedges fall out cotton grows.
In the process of testing raw cotton of the first
industrial grade, there was less loss of cloves, and more
trash impurities in comparison with the low grade,
which occurred in both cases with a gap between the
rollers from 10 to 15 mm. The loss of weeds is due to
the physical and mechanical properties of raw cotton.
The observations of the experiment established that
raw cotton of a high industrial grade has larger slices
with mature fiber, the volatiles in which are located
tightly, and at low moisture content of raw cotton, the
separation of weeds from the cotton fiber increases
through mechanical action.
Earlier studies in the study of the morphological
properties of selection varieties of cotton [5] came to
the conclusion that the property of low industrial
varieties of cotton is a low density of lobules in a cotton
boll, in connection with this, in cotton raw materials,
the number of separated cotton lobes increases into
bats with a deeper introduction of weeds impurities in
the fiber.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
9
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
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2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
1-9
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
CONCLUSIONS
1.
By a theoretical study of the uniformity of
movement of cotton layers on a conveyor, an
expression for finding the gaps between the rollers
has been determined.
2.
Based on the results of the conducted experiments
of the main parameters of the receiving-feeding
device, the optimal criteria for the values of the
gaps between the rollers were determined - from
10 to 15 mm.
REFERENCES
1.
Ilyin, Kolesnikov, Saratov: Theory of Oscillations
N.E.Bauman, 2003.
2.
Salimov A. M., Akhmatov M. A. Pakhtaga dastlabki
ishlov berish. "Bilim", Toshkent, 2005.
3.
Ismatova M.M. Research of physical and
mechanical properties of raw materials obtained
under different conditions of primary processing
of cotton / MM Ismatova, ZF Valieva, DE Kazakova.
- Text: direct //Young scientist. - 2016. - No. 1 (105).
-
S.
154-158.
-
URL:
https://moluch.ru/archive/105/24696/.
4.
R.T. Kaldybaev, R.S. Tashmenov//Study of the
quantitative and qualitative content of weeds in
raw cotton for various cotton breeding,
depending on the growing areas. No. 3 (363)
textile industry technology 2016.
5.
Khafizov I.K. and others. Improving the
technology of processing seed cotton (review) -
Tashkent, UzNIINTI, 1975. P.4.
