Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
10
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
10-18
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
ABSTRACT
The paper considers issues of assessing the level of safety of the technical condition of an operating hydrosystem of
class IV. Using the measuring parameters of the hydrosystem, the positions of the depression curve and the specific
flow rate in the div of the earthen dam are constructed. When performing numerical calculations of filtration, two
calculation schemes were adopted, viz., a homogeneous ground dam without drainage and a dam on a permeable
base with tubular drainage.
KEYWORDS
Hydrotechnical constructions, hydrosystem, technical condition, safety, filtration, depression curve, soil, water, dam.
INTRODUCTION
It is challenging to design of hydrotechnical
constructions of class IV in the absence of regulatory
and design documents. Existing requirements for
ensuring the safety level of domestic hydrotechnical
Research Article
ASSESSMENT OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF OPERATED
HYDROSYSTEMS OF CLASS IV
Submission Date:
January 07, 2022,
Accepted Date:
January 17, 2022,
Published Date:
January 27, 2022 |
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajet/Volume04Issue01-02
Daniyar T. Paluanov
Associate professor, Tashkent state technical university, Uzbekistan
Abror N. Ulukmuradov
Head of the Department, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theamericanjou
rnals.com/index.php/ta
jet
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
11
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
10-18
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
constructions of class IV do not fully satisfy and meet
assessment requirements of technical conditions of
hydrotechnical constructions [1-7]. Most class IV
hydrotechnical constructions have been in operation
for more than 60-70 years, which exhausted their
technical condition. Therefore, the assessment of the
technical condition of the operated class IV
hydrotechnical constructions for ensuring the level of
safety is very relevant. One of such facility is
Novbakhor hydrosystem plant, which is located in the
floodplain of the Zeravshan river 150-200 m below the
discharge of Navoi Thermal Power Plant. The
floodplain site at the location of the infrastructure has
a flat surface with an absolute elevation of 325.5-326.5
m with a general slope to the west. In the north, the
site is limited by the ledge of the first terrace up to 1.0
m height.
The geological structure of the site is monotonous and
characterized by the development of gray fine earth
from the surface of the sand. In the mechanical
composition of sand, fragments with dimension from
0.5-0.1 mm> 50-60% prevail. Small pebbles, gravelly
alluvial genesis, with a thickness of 2.5-4.0 m
ubiquitously lie under the sands. Dimension of soil
fragments is given in table 1.
Table 1
Dimension of soil fragments
80-40 mm
40-20 mm
20-10 mm
10-5 mm
5-2 mm
< 0.05 mm
8.15%
32.7%
27.2%
10.4%
2.3%
1.76%
The soil is characterized by the following indicators:
the soil is not homogeneous> 100; the average particle
size is 19.6 mm; homogeneity coefficient - 0.4; density
of soil particles - 2.7 ton force per cubic meter; density
of dry soil - 1.9-2.1 tf/m3; porosity - 26%; porosity
coefficient - 0.350; the angle of repose is 40°. Under the
pebbles, conglomerates lie everywhere, pebbled on
calcareous cement. Exposed bed thickness is up to 15.0
m depth. Groundwater level at a depth of 1.0-2.0 m.
Groundwater salinity 0.7-1.0 g/l. The climate of the
region is characterized as an extreme continental. The
seismicity of the area is 7 points. The hydraulic system
is designed to provide water for irrigation of 24,000 ha
in two right-bank canals: Kanimekh-1 (18 m3/s) and
Naukar (8.1 m3/s).
The hydrosystem was commissioned in 2000. Since the
initial commissioning of the hydrosystem, no field
studies or visual examinations of the unit have been
conducted. The hydrosystem includes a supply
channel, a non overflow earthen dam, a shield dam, a
Kanimekh-1 channel regulator, a Naukar channel
regulator and a discharge channel (figure 1).
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
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The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
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VOLUME
04
I
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Pages:
10-18
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
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Figure 1. General view of the earthen dam from the upstream side
It is known that when examining the technical
condition of a hydrosystem, the filtration process or
mode is considered as a particular practical interest.
Since the adverse effects of filtration on the condition
of the hydrosystem often cause the destruction of the
construction or breaks down. During inspection of
technical condition of the hydrosystem with specialists
of the State Inspectorate “Gosvodkhoznadzor” of the
Republic of Uzbekistan, we raised questions on
assessing the level of safety of filtration processes in
the div of an earthen dam.
METHODS
Calculations based and the position of the depression
surface in earthen dams, along with other factors can
ensure the stability of these units and define measures
to reduce negative impact on stability. Data on
filtration flow rate characterize the possible loss of
water from the reservoir and necessary actions to
perform certain measures to reduce negative affects.
Information on the gradients and velocities of the
filtration flow rate at the entrance point of the
downstream is required to determine the filtration
resistance of the soil to support and suffusion.
A non-overflow earthen dam is located on the left side
of the shield dam and has a dimension of length of 250
m and a height of 5.1 m. The dam with 10.0 m width at
the top is made of loam with enforcement of the upper
slope with a dmid=25 cm torn stone. The total
anchorage height is 7.6 m. In the lower part of the
cladding, a tooth was arranged with a depth of 2.5 m of
a trapezoidal shape, with the laying of slopes m=1.5
filled with torn stone. The downstream side of the
mount does not have.
Experimental studies are carried out by measuring
parameters for calculating the filtration processes in
the div of the earthen dam of Novbakhor
hydrosystem.
No
controlling
and
measuring
instruments (i.e, piezometers) have been installed on
site of the earthen dam for monitoring the position of
the depressed surface of the dam.
In this study, the well-known hydraulic methods were
used to calculate the amount of filtration in the div
of the earthen dam of the Novbakhor hydrosystem. As
a result of the calculation, the flow rate of water
filtration in the div and base of the earthen dam, and
the position of the depression curve are determined. In
the beginning of the research, two design schemes
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
13
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
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2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
10-18
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
were selected: a homogeneous earth dam without
drainage and a dam on a permeable base with tubular
drainage. It was found that the facility does not full the
design documentation including operation manual of
the facility.
1st design scheme. A homogeneous dam without
drainage (figure 2).
The vertical slope, according to the
equivalent profile method, is located at a distance
from the vertical passing through the point of
intersection of the water level with the slope.
According to the method of G.K. Mikhailov [8,9]
)
1
2
(
1
1
1
m
m
H
L
,
where
1
m
- coefficient of slope of the forebay;
1
Н
- water depth in the forebay, m.
Figure 2. The design scheme of a homogeneous dam without drainage
By using the Dupuis equation for sections I-I and II-II, the specific filtration rate is determined by following
formula
)
(
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
m
h
L
h
H
K
q
cal
f
,
where
f
K
- soil filtration coefficient of the dam div, m/day (
1
,
0
f
K
);
L
L
L
cal
,
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
14
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
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2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
10-18
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
L
- is the horizontal distance from the water edge in the forebay to the bottom of the lower slope, m;
2
m
- coefficient of slope of the afterbay.
The specific filtration rate is 0.04 m/day. Then using the equation of the lower wedge of N.N. Pavlovsky, we
get fowling equation:
2
1
m
h
K
q
f
,
The joint solution of these equations gives the calculation formula:
2
1
2
2
2
1
H
m
L
m
L
h
cal
cal
.
The equation of the depression curve at the origin at point
0
according to the Dupuis formula has following
form:
f
K
qx
H
y
2
2
1
2
.
RESULTS
.
The calculation results of the position of the depression curve are summarized in table 2.
Table 2
Coordinates of the depression curve in a homogeneous earthen dam of Novbakhor hydrosystem
Water
level, m
Distance
x
1
x
2
x
3
x
4
x
5
x
6
x
7
x
8
x
9
x
10
x
11
x
12
x
13
327,1
3,9
3,8
3,59
3,36
3,12
2,85
2,56
2,24 1,85
1,36
0,53
-
-
326,1
2,93
2,86
2,71
2,55 2,38 2,20
2,01
1,79
1,54
1,24
0,84
0,54
-
325,1
1,96
1,91
1,82
1,72
1,61
1,50
1,38
1,25
1,10
0,93
0,72
0,58
0,41
324,1
1,96
1,92
1,83
1,74
1,64
1,54
1,43
1,31
1,18
1,03
0,85
0,75
0,63
Based on data of the table, depression curve of the earthen dam is shown in figure 3.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
15
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
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2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
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01
Pages:
10-18
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
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Publisher:
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Figure 3. Graph of the depression curve of the earthen dam of Novbakhor hydrosystem
2
nd
design scheme. A dam on a water-permeable base with a tubular drainage of final capacity (
base
f
K
K
)
(figure 4)
.
Specific filtration flow rate is determined by the following formula [10]
T
L
H
T
K
L
H
K
q
cal
base
cal
f
4
,
0
2
1
2
1
,
where
L
L
L
cal
;
1
1
2
3
L
;
f
base
K
K
;
1
32
,
1
2
1
1
1
1
m
T
H
m
;
1
2
1
1
1
2
m
H
m
;
T
H
m
4
,
0
1
1
3
,
T
- thickness of the base layer, m;
base
K
- soil filtration coefficient of the dam base, m/day (
17
base
K
).
The specific filtration rate is 7.02 m/day.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
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VOLUME
04
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Pages:
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I
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(2020:
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32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
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METADATA
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Publisher:
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Figure 4. The design scheme of the dam on a permeable base with tubular drainage of finite thickness
The ordinates of the depression curve:
a) between section I-I and drainage
1
2
1
1
2
2
T
x
L
h
T
T
h
h
c
c
x
,
b) between section I-I and the ordinate axis,
T
K
K
T
K
K
h
x
T
L
K
q
h
f
base
f
base
c
f
x
2
2
2
,
For the given scheme,
с
h
is calculated from following equation:
T
K
K
T
L
K
q
T
K
K
H
h
f
base
рас
f
f
base
c
2
2
2
1
.
The depression curve is corrected visually in the zone
where
f
x
K
q
H
h
1
.
RESULTS
.
The calculation results of the position of the depression curve are summarized in table 3.
Volume 04 Issue 01-2022
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The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
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2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
01
Pages:
10-18
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
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Publisher:
The USA Journals
Table 3
Coordinates of the depression curve in the homogeneous earthen dam of the Novbakhor hydrosystem
Water
level, m
Distance
x
1
x
2
x
3
x
4
x
5
x
6
x
7
x
8
x
9
x
10
x
11
x
12
327,1
3,17
2,85
2,52
2,19
1,86
1,53
1,20
0,87
0,54
0,21
-
-
326,1
2,51
2,27
2,03
1,79
1,55
1,31
1,07
0,83
0,58
0,34
0,1
-
325,1
1,76
1,61
1,45
1,29
1,13
0,98 0,82
0,66
0,50
0,35
0,19
-
324,1
0,93 0,85
0,78 0,70
0,63
0,55 0,47
0,40
0,32
0,24
0,17
0,09
Based on data of the table, depression curve of the earthen dam is shown in figure 5.
Figure 5. The graph of the depression curve of the earthen dam of Novbakhor hydrosystem
CONCLUSIONS
Experimental researches have been carried out and
real data have been obtained for filtering water
through an earthen dam in the example of the
Novbakhor hydrosystem. In figure 3, a sharp decline at
4 meter in the position of the depression curve in the
earthen dam was observed. In accordance with
opinion of the authors, maintaining the water level of
the forebay of the hydrosystem at the mentioned level
might lead to an unfavorable circumstance of an
earthen dam. Despite the above-mentioned outcomes,
in general, the results of the researches maintain
stability of filtration in the div of the earth dam.
REFERENCES
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VOLUME
04
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Pages:
10-18
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2020:
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)
(2021:
5.
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)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
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