Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
1
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
1-5
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
6.
456
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
ABSTRACT
In this article, firstly, the Taj Mahal is based on the Samanid mausoleum in Bukhara, the cube dome is based on
spherical shapes, secondly, the doors on both sides of the two mausoleums are made, and thirdly, the inner and outer
parts of the Taj Mahal are based on the octal model of the universe. Our scientific hypothesis is expressed in the fact
that it has been found that it is symbolically referred to here as the Taj Mahal, where the two worlds have attained
bliss.
KEYWORDS
Astronomy, Crown Mahal, cube, sphere, universe, model, architecture, astronomy, dome, idea, sky, symbol, tent,
pattern, history, logic, geometry, architecture, spiral, composition, color symmetry.
INTRODUCTION
The Taj Mahal is one of the seven wonders of the
world, in which the world of symbols and emblems is
hidden. But they have not been fully studied. They are
waiting for their solution. The world of symbols is
hidden in every line, color and shape of the Taj Mahal.
Research Article
THE PHILOSOPHY OF HARMONY IN THE MAJOR OF THE CROSS
Submission Date:
April 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
April 15, 2022,
Published Date:
April 28, 2022 |
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajet/Volume04Issue04-01
Madina S. Saipova
Doctor of Philosophy in Architecture, Doctoral student, Tashkent Institute of Architecture and
Construction, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theamericanjou
rnals.com/index.php/ta
jet
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
2
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
1-5
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
6.
456
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
Let us dwell on some of these esoteric (secret)
symbols.
The construction of the majestic building reflects the
unique style of architects not only from India, but also
from Central Asia, Iran and Byzantium. Muhammad
Sayid from Kandahar, local master Ismailkhan Rumi
from Samarkand, Muhammad Sharif from Samarkand,
Kozimkhans from Lahore and many other painters and
calligraphers, including father Muhammad and Shukur
from Bukhara, took part in the construction of the
mausoleum.
THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS
The general appearance of the Tajimahal building was
in the form of a cube, which was found to be based on
the Samanid mausoleum. The base is square. Square -
earth, harmony, four seasons, seasons of life, four
seasons of the day, as well as the four phases of human
life (childhood, adolescence, maturity, old age)
universe, four seasons, equality, perfection, that is,
perfect shape, tranquility and tranquility symbol. These
elements are also a symbol of man [1]. Scholars argue
that a rectangle with equal sides, that is, a square,
symbolized the four basic elements of the universe,
such as fire, water, earth, and air, and that the basic
boundaries of the universe were integrated into a
perfect, durable structure.
In China and India, the square shape is an ancient
symbol of the earth. The square represents four and is
a female symbol. The square signifies stability, security,
border, conscientiousness, moral aspiration, and so on.
In psychology, the square signifies a strong will [3].
The general appearance of the Tajimahal building is in
the form of a cube, a cube-symbol of perfection,
wisdom, growth, strength. The most sacred thing in
the temples built by Solomon, Zoroaster, and Herod in
the skin of the Revelation and in the lyre was in the
form of a cube, that is, the wooden box kept in them
and the stone of Jacob itself were hidden in the cube-
shaped space [4].
Fig. 1
.
Comparative analysis. View of Ismail Samani mausoleum on the left. (Bukhara IX-X centuries) and the view of
the Taj Mahal on the right (XVII century)
.
The mausoleum of Ismail Somoni has a cube-shaped
building and a spherical dome: the cube is a globe, the
dome is a symbol of the universe, signifying the
harmony of the earth with the whole universe. (Fig. 1)
View of the mausoleum of Ismail Samani on the left
(Bukhara IX-X centuries) and view of the Taj Mahal on
the right (XVII century). Both mausoleums are built on
the basis of a cube and a sphere.
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
3
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
1-5
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
6.
456
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
There is a door on all four sides of the Taj Mahal. What
symbol is it used for?
The four doors symbolize the stages of the teachings
of Sufism, ie the 1st stage of the Shari'ah, the 2nd stage
of the teachings, the 3rd stages of enlightenment and
the 4th stages of truth. [5] (Fig. 2)
2-picture. There is a door on the left side of the tomb of Ismail Somoni on the left. The Taj Mahal history on
the right shows that there are doors on all four sides.
The base of the Taj Mahal is based on a square shape,
which itself consists of eight corners. harmony,
harmony of two worlds, infinity, harmony of
opportunity with desire, symbol of happiness of two
worlds, star, sun, moon, etc. Being is created as a
whole, in which the essence of things and events is
reflected in unity. That unity is the truth. Truth is
achieved through love, not logic.
Both the outside and the inside of the crown are
octagonal. The reason for this, in our opinion, is that it
is built on the eight model of the world and has its own
meaning and significance. In Figure 3, the interior of
the Samanid mausoleum on the left is divided into
eight arches. This mausoleum was also built on the
basis of an octal molecule. This means that the eight
sides of the world acted as a compass. In the center is
a "Hindu ring". They are based on the model of the
octagon. Astronomer S. Azizov describes the model of
the octagon in his book The School of Astronomy and
Ulugbek in Central Asia as follows: The octagon model
means eight directions and has a celestial
interpretation. More precisely, it seems to the
observer that the sky is in contact with the earth on the
distant horizon, and hence it was believed in ancient
times that the sky and the earth meet at the rising and
setting points of the horizon during the summer and
winter stagnation of the Sun. In fact, when the sun
reaches these points during its annual motion, it
changes its direction of motion. As a result, these four
directions of the universe together with the four main
directions of the horizon make up eight directions.
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
4
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
1-5
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
6.
456
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
Fig 3. The inner part of the Samanid mausoleum on the left consists of the octagon on the right and the outer part
of the Taj Mahal on the right. In the middle is a picture of the "Indian people" [6].
The points on the horizon of these eight directions
were considered to be the reference points of the sky
relative to the ground, and thus the eight-directional
symbol of the universe emerged. Later, the concept of
the eight sides of the universe and its definition
became known in medieval astronomy as the “Indian
people”. Abu Rayhan al-Biruni's Tafhim also mentions
this, and he served as a compass for a long time in the
Muslim East. The scholar of the Ulugbek school Ali
Kushchi's work "Risola dar ilmi hayat" also mentions
the "Indian people" [9]. These eight-line archeological
finds are found in five- to six-thousand-year-old
artifacts, ornaments of applied arts, architectural
ornaments, and lines of poetry.
In general, there are many references to the eighth
model of the universe, and they are observed in
archeological finds [10] and examples of applied art
from the 5th millennium BC to the 7th century AD [7].
The image of this octagonal model can be found in
almost all historical monuments.
The Tajimahal is an architectural monument of the
Baburi dynasty in India whose color, line, shape, flower
and architectural piece have a unique symbolic
meaning. The world of symbols is hidden in the Taj
Mahal complex, and their study and use of symbols and
emblems in future modern buildings will serve as a
methodological basis for building the foundation of a
new Uzbekistan and the development of logical
thinking and worldview of young people. Every tree in
the Tajimahal Garden, the spiritual heritage of our
ancestors, is its fruit. The flower, the stone, and others
also have their own mysterious emblem and symbol.
CONCLUSION
In short, firstly, the Taj Mahal is based on the Samanid
mausoleum in Bukhara, the cube dome is based on
spherical shapes, secondly, the two mausoleums have
doors on all four sides, and thirdly, the inner and outer
parts of the Taj Mahal are based on the octagonal
model of existence. It has been revealed that the Taj
Mahal, which symbolizes the happiness of the two
worlds, is located here..
REFERENCES
1.
Nozilov D.A. Customs, notes, and symbolic
expressions in Central Asian architecture.
Tashkent, “San'at” magazine publishing house,
2011. –16-17 p.
2.
Myths of the peoples of the world (MIM) in two
volumes. T.1, -M., 1980 p. 630.
3.
Bulatov S.S., Saipova M.S. Symbols. Encyclopedia.
T .: “Science and Technology Publishing House”
2018, (pages 148-154.) P. 928.
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
5
The American Journal of Engineering and Technology
(ISSN
–
2689-0984)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
1-5
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
32
)
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
6.
456
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
7.856
Publisher:
The USA Journals
4.
Bulatov S.S., Saipova M.S. Symbols. Encyclopedia.
T .: “Science and Technology Publishing House”
2021, (pages 157-158.) P. 928.
5.
Saipova M.S. Symbolism. Textbook. –T .: “Science
and Technology Publishing House”, 2021. p.173.
6.
Exploding History 2. Episode 8. Lies and the Taj
Mahal.
Documentary
https://mover.uz/watch/wafV6EZm
7.
Azizov S. School of Astronomy and Ulugbek in
Central Asia. –T .: NMIU “Uzbekistan”, 2009, pages
38-39.
8.
Ahmad Yassavi. "Wisdoms". T., 1991. 53-p.
9.
Beruniy A.R. Tafhim. Tashkent-Urgench-Khiva.
2006.47-48 pages.
10.
Varga Domokas. Ancient East // Illustrated History.
Budapest. Publishing house of Karvin. 1979, p. 57.
11.
Sadykov H.U. Biruni and his work on astronomy
and mathematical geography. M. 1953. p. 126-128.
12.
Azizov S. School of Astronomy and Ulugbek in
Central Asia. –T .: “Uzbekistan” NMIU, 2009.39 p.
13.
Sadykova S.N. Garden and park art of the Bobrids.
(Monograph) Samarkand State Institute of
Architecture and Civil Engineering. Mirzo Ulugbek.
Tashkent: Publishing House of the National Library
of Uzbekistan. Alisher Navoii, 2015. p.-65.
