THE USA JOURNALS
THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY INNOVATIONS AND RESEARCH (ISSN- 2642-7478)
VOLUME 06 ISSUE11
238
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PUBLISHED DATE: - 19-11-2024
DOI: -
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajiir/Volume06Issue11-19
PAGE NO.: - 238-241
DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL
INSTRUMENTAL PERFORMANCE
TRADITIONS IN THE WORKS OF COMPOSERS
Shamakhmud Sharakhmetov
Associate Professor of the Department of “Instrumental performance of maqom” Institute of
Uzbek national art named after Y. Rajabi, Uzbekistan
INTRODUCTION
Music is the interpreter of the spiritual world of
humans. It shapes and educates a person
spiritually by influencing their emotions. Today,
music plays a crucial role in uplifting the spirit of
people, especially the youth, directing them
towards creativity and constructive work. This is
why great attention is being given to the
development of music in our country, supporting
and encouraging young talents.
The musicians and singers who contribute to the
development of our national music art and present
high-quality music works to our people are all
well-educated in music. They have achieved these
results through their musical education. Therefore,
the attention given to music education is seen as a
significant contribution to the advancement of our
national music art.
In the training of the new generation of musicians
and singers, the full utilization of educational
opportunities is being actively pursued. Of course,
in higher music education, it is essential that
students learn pieces from Shashmaqam, Uzbek
national music, and compositions by Uzbek
composers with great care, mastering the
comprehensive performance techniques under the
guidance of their teachers. In this regard, the
"Maqom Performance Department" of the Yunus
Rajabi Uzbek National Music Art Institute plays a
key role in implementing large-scale educational
tasks.
In the development of Uzbek musical culture and
expanding its repertoire, the works created by
composers hold special significance, and we can
recognize the contribution of numerous
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Abstract
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composers who have been active in this field.
Naturally, when talking about composers, it is
necessary to mention the great masters who have
made enormous contributions to the development
of our national music. Just as each region has its
own performance styles and schools, composers
too have emerged from different regions.
The Khorezm region, with its unique performance
and singing traditions, stands out in Uzbek music.
The region has a rich collection of various musical
genres, such as maqom performance, dastan
genres, and popular folk performances. The
following musicians and composers have
contributed significantly to the development of
Khorezm music: Khudoybergan Mukhorkon,
Matpano Ata Khudoyberganov, Safo Muganni,
Madrahim Sherozi, Khojikhon, Nurmuhammad
Boltaev,
Rozmat
Jumaniyozov,
Komiljon
Otaniyozov, Bekjon Otajonov, etc. Their unique
voices and works have made a remarkable impact
on the evolution of music.
Khojikhon
Boltaev
(1902
–
1987)
was
a
distinguished artist of Uzbekistan and a
representative of the Khorezm maqom school. He
was a master of Khorezm maqoms, suvoras, and
other large musical pieces, known for his resonant
and pleasant voice. His ability to control and
distribute vocal power, rise through the
crescendos, and sustain them is a distinctive
feature of his style. The maqoms he performed,
including Buzruk, Segoh, and other pieces, were
recorded by the Uzbekistan Radio. Khojikhon was
a mentor to many other artists, including Nazira
Yusupova, Kuvondiq Iskandarov, and Rozimat
Jumaniyozov.
Komiljon Otaniyozov (1917
–1975), a People’s
Artist of Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and
Karakalpakstan, was a singer, musician, and
composer. He possessed a remarkably attractive
and powerful voice and achieved artistic maturity
in every performance. He studied the Dastan
tradition from Bolo Bakshi Abdullahev and the
Khorezm
maqom
songs
from
Matpano
Khudoyberganov. Komiljon Otaniyozov became an
outstanding performer of Khorezm suvoras and
maqoms and created a new performance style
based on Khorezm dastan songs. As a composer,
his works such as “Salom, Senga Khorezmdan,”
“Muborak,” “Vatan,” “Olqish,” “Temiryo'l,” and
“Khorezm” are known for their p
opularity and
folk-oriented nature.
In the Fergana-Tashkent maqom performance,
there are several important schools of
composition, reflecting regional significance, with
personal styles emerging during the development
of performance practices. The large singing
performance, known as “katta ashula” and maqom
traditions, were also widely practiced in the
Fergana Valley.
Zhorakhon Sultonov (1893
–1965), People’s Artist
of Uzbekistan, was a skilled singer, musician, and
composer who contributed significantly to the
development of Uzbek national music. He was
knowledgeable in various genres of folk music,
including "katta ashula" and “yalla.” His famous
compositions such as "Bolmasa," "Guluzorim
Qani," and “Naylayin” are examples of his unique
performance style.
Tukhtasin Jalilov (1896
–
1966) was a highly
respected artist in Uzbekistan, famous for his
songs such as "Aziz Vatandim," "Ey, Hur
Vatandim," "Toylar Muborak," and "Kokiling." He
also contributed to the development of musical
drama in Uzbekistan. His famous stage works
include
“Halima,”
“Ortoqalar,”
“Gulsara,”
“Nurkhon,” and “Tohir va Zuhra.”
Mahmudjon Uzoqov (1904
–
1963), a well-known
singer, created a personal performance style
within Uzbek music and collaborated with other
composers, creating significant works that still
stand out. His songs like “Mustahzod,”
“Eyrilmasin,” “Fighonkim,” and “Yolingizda” are
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highly valued.
Ghanijon Toshmatov (1913
–
1994) was a talented
composer, musician, and public figure who left a
remarkable mark on Uzbek music history. His
compositions such as "Istadim," "Kezarman,"
"Qaro Zulfin," and "Guljamol" were highly popular.
Komiljon Jabburov (1914
–
1975) contributed to
Uzbek music by creating compositions such as
"Dugoh," “Segoh,” “Gul Mavsumi,” and “Gulyor” on
the ghijak and tanbur. His compositions like
“Mubtalo Boldim Senga” and “Bahor Qoshiqi” have
become emblematic.
The composers and performers mentioned above
have all made invaluable contributions to the
development of Uzbek music and continue to
inspire future generations. Their works, based on
Shashmaqam and traditional Uzbek music, have
become part of the national cultural heritage,
beloved by the people.
There are many other composers such as
Akhmadjon Dadaev, Mukhamadjon Marakhimov,
Akbarali Asqarov, and many young talents who
continue to make significant contributions to
Uzbek music.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, these composers have left a lasting
impact on Uzbek national music, shaping its
development and ensuring its continued success
for future generations.
REFERENCES
1.
"History of Uzbek Music"
—
Scholarly works
on the history of Uzbek music. This book likely
covers Uzbek musical traditions, the role of
composers, and artists in the development of
music in Uzbekistan.
2.
"Uzbek Music and Its Evolution"
—
Books
about the development of Uzbek music and the
influence of various regions, particularly
Khorezm, on the music. These works focus on
the musical traditions of different areas in
Uzbekistan.
3.
"The Journal of Central Asian Music" or
"Musical Cultures of Central Asia"
—
Academic
journals dedicated to Central Asian music and
its culture. Articles on Uzbek music, maqoms,
and their evolution can be found in such
journals.
4.
Uzbek National Television and Radio
—
Documentary films or interviews that contain
information about Khorezm music and its
artists. These sources provide insight into the
lives and works of particular musicians.
5.
Archives of the State Conservatory of
Uzbekistan or other musical institutions
—
Recordings and writings about Khorezm
maqoms, folk music, and famous composers of
Uzbekistan.
6.
"Shashmaqom: The Music of Uzbekistan"
—
A
comprehensive work about Uzbek classical
music, including maqoms and regional styles.
This book aids in the deep study of
Uzbekistan’s music traditions.
7.
National Library of Uzbekistan or other
musical archives
—
Sources that contain
recordings and written works related to folk
music and maqoms in Uzbekistan.
8.
Scholarly works published by the Tashkent
State Conservatory or the Faculty of
Musicology at the National University of
Uzbekistan
—
Articles and research papers on
Uzbek music, its pieces, and composers.
9.
Autobiographies or interviews with artists
who perform Uzbek folk music and maqoms
—
Information about the lives and works of
renowned artists such as Zhoraxon Sultonov,
Tukhtasin Jalilov, and others.
10.
Music compilations preserved by Uzbek Radio
or Television
—
Traditional music from
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VOLUME 06 ISSUE11
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Khorezm and other regions, as well as works
performed by famous composers of
Uzbekistan.
