Vol. 2 No. 09 (2020)

The use of the new adhesive balsam "Asepta" in 25 adolescents with chronic catarrhal gingivitis revealed its pronounced antibacterial effect. A decrease in the indices of gingival inflammation and a decrease in gingival bleeding were noted: the PMA index decreased by 6.2 times, the Muhlermann-Cowell index - by 4.6 times, the Schiller-Pisarev test did not reveal any staining of the gingival mucosa at the end of the course of treatment. Due to the presence of a sticky adhesive base in the drug, it is recommended to fix it for 30 minutes or more.

The article analyzes psychocorrectional measures carried out with adolescents in crisis situations, and an analysis of approaches to their organization.

The methodology for obtaining biologically active substances is given: phytol, isophytol, tokferol, phylloquinone and their application in medicine and the national economy.

Herpesviruses are widespread us in the human population. They capable of hitting almost everyone organs and systems, induce neoplastic static processes and development of atherosclerosis, have an adverse effect, and sometimes a fatal effect on the body nism of the fetus and newborns. The article presents characteristic peculiarities of herpetic stomatitis in children. It describes differential diagnostic symptoms. The treatment approaches are given depending on the severity degree of the disease.

Effective and safe contraceptive methods not only prevent unplanned pregnancies and their
termination, but also make it possible to fully restore the mother's body after surgery to carry out the
necessary pre-pregnancy preparation. The goal of the study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of
postplacental administration of Cu T 380 A in women during a caesarean section. The study was
conducted at Samarkand Maternity Hospital No. 2 to assess the clinical outcome of postplacental
administration of Cu T 380 A in women during caesarean section. The present study showed that there
were no serious complications and only minor side effects such as pain, fever, bleeding and irregular
bleeding, which were observed only in some women during the hospital stay and the control visit in
the first 6 months. The determination of vaginal BMW tendrils was made possible in 72.12% of women
during the control visit after 6 weeks. The visibility of the tendrils increased over time and after 6
months they were seen in 90.81% of cases. Exposure frequency was 2 cases (4%) and another 2 women
(4%) required removal of the PMTCT for various reasons, resulting in a 92.3% retention rate six months
after contraception. No cases of pregnancy were registered. Post-placental introduction of BIC Cu T
380 A during a C-section is a practical, convenient, safe, effective and acceptable contraceptive
method.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of patient-controlled analgesia through prolonged epidural analgesia after joint replacement of the lower extremities.

Material and methods. We analyzed the postoperative period of 213 elderly and senile patients who were operated on for degenerative-dystrophic and traumatic injuries of the joints of the lower extremities. All patients underwent total joint replacement (164 - THA and 49 - TKA). The age of patients is from 65 to 90 years (average age was 78 ± 8 years) with a physical status of ASA 3 and above. All examined patients were divided into 2 groups. 63 patients comprised the main group, which in the postoperative period underwent patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) through prolonged epidural analgesia. The control group consisted of 150 patients, for the anesthesia of which in the postoperative period only standard systemic multimodal analgesia was used

Conclusion. Patient-controlled analgesia is an alternative to traditional analgesic regimens. This method should be one of the main methods after surgical anesthesia for joint replacement of the lower limb in elderly and senile patients.

The history of the study of hyperhomocysteinemia goes back half a century. It is interesting that the increased level of homocysteine   as a factor of vascular damage was first noticed in pediatric practice.  In 1969, Kilmer S. MeCully, a professor in the Department of Pathology at Harvard University, studying a rare genetic disorder manifested by homocysteinuria (increased levels of homocysteine   in the urine), suggested a link between elevated serum homocysteine   levels and arterial disease.  Without treatment, these children usually die at an early age from myocardial infarction or cerebral strokes.  During autopsy, it was found that their vessels were the same damaged and thickened as in elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases.  Clinically, this disease is characterized by a marfan-like phenotype, connective tissue lesions (high growth, arachnodactyly, lens subluxation, chest deformities, heart defects), neuropsychiatric disorders, arterial thrombosis.  The pathology is based on a defect in one of the metabolic enzymes of sulfur-containing methionine, mainly in the amino acid cystothionine-E-synthetase (classical tomocysteinuria).  Subsequently, it was shown that moderate and mild homocysteinemia affects the vessels of various localization, leading to pathological changes in them.

Purpose: to determine the effect of unilateral spinal anesthesia on systemic and central hemodynamics, to identify its side effects in the elderly and senile, with total hip replacement.

Materials and methods: 60 patients of geriatric age operated on under unilateral spinal anesthesia were examined. 44 patients underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA), 16 - total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Inclusion criteria: elderly (from 60 to 75 years). For continuous monitoring of the vital functions of the patient, they used the "resuscitation and surgical" monitor UM 300 (LLC UTAS Company Ukraine).

Conclusion: Unilateral spinal anesthesia is a safe and highly effective technique that can provide full intraoperative pain management for patients with total hip replacement in a high-risk group of patients.

In the literature review, according to publications of recent years, the state of surgical treatment of obliterating atherosclerosis does not meet the requirements of the time. Currently, all research is aimed at improving the early diagnosis of the disease and their timely treatment by improving the quality and efficiency of surgical intervention.

However, despite a large number of works devoted to diagnosis and prognosis of treatment, there are still many unresolved issues. The accumulated experience indicates the need to standardize the preoperative examination of patients in order to predict the outcome of treatment.

One of the important aspects of this problem is the development of modern tactics and approaches to surgical treatment. Along with them, it is necessary to evaluate the results of treatment, analyze the quality and determine the effectiveness of traditional operations in modern angiosurgery. It should be noted that today there are a considerable number of new methods of treating atherosclerosis obliterans for early and effective diagnosis, prevention and therapy of the disease.

However, some issues are insufficiently studied or contradictory and require further research.

The article presents the results of clinical and instrumental data of cardiac arrhythmias. Heart rhythm disturbances of any nature change the quality of life. Children are often asymptomatic and often the child's well-being does not suffer for a long time, which greatly complicates the early diagnosis of this pathology and does not allow to accurately establish the duration of the arrhythmia. And in the absence of timely therapy for 4-6 years, most arrhythmias progress, while persistent and irreversible dysfunctions of the myocardium are formed, requiring surgical treatment. To prevent complications, timely diagnosis and treatment is required.

During embryonic histogenesis of human lungs, early morpho- functional differentiation of apudocytes is observed. In the lungs of young children with an inflammatory pathology of this organ, endocrine structures are detected with great constancy, and their number is large. The longer the disease lasts, the more apudocytes and NETs are found in the bronchi and respiratory tract. In large bronchi there are more endocrine structures than in small ones. Inflammatory lung diseases in early postnatal ontogenesis are a predisposing factor for apudocyte hyperplasia.

Dysplasia is the most common form of morphological precancer of the cervix. Cytological smear from the cervical canal is one of the most effective methods for diagnosing cancer, background processes and precancerous conditions of the cervix at the very initial stages of occurrence. Histology allows you to determine the degree and form of epithelial damage, to detect the presence of atypical cells. The material for the study was targeted incisional biopsies from the cervix of 847 patients aged 19-73 years. All biopsies were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Microscopic examination was performed using a conventional light microscope "Leica". The analysis of biopsy materials of 847 patients shows that 1/5 of the patients (20.8%) had dysplasia of varying severity. The highest peak of morbidity with this pathology occurs at the reproductive age, which makes this problem even more relevant for comprehensive study and discussion in a wide range of specialists. A comprehensive study of background and precancerous diseases is a great opportunity to detect the disease in time or prevent its occurrence. Therefore, every woman needs to undergo such a survey.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a disease in which the highest rates of premature mortality and early disability of patients are observed, which is caused by the onset of the disease at an early age, the instability of the course of type 1 diabetes and the threat of acute and chronic complications.  The goals of type 1 diabetes mellitus treatment are its compensation, prevention of the risk of complications when normoglycemia is reached and stabilized.

The nutritional nature of mammals, which has developed during a long evolution, leads to adaptive - morphological changes in their digestive tract and its immune structures, although the general laws of their structural organization are identical. The literature has data on the study of the immune structures of the small intestine under normal conditions and under the influence of certain factors. In the structure of immune structures there are numerous parallelisms, however, in each class of vertebrates, complication of this organization is achieved independently. The small intestine is an important section of the digestive tube, where the final chemical processing of the chyme and the absorption of nutrients into the body take place. However, the comparative morphology of the immune structures of the small intestine in mammals with different nutrition patterns remains poorly understood.

During pregnancy, all organs of the mother work more intensely, since they have to be responsible for the vital activity of not only the mother, but also the child. This also applies to the thyroid gland, which provides hormones to both mother and baby until he has formed his own endocrine system. The vital hormones for both are the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). A lack of these hormones, called hypothyroidism, can affect both the course of pregnancy and the health of the expectant mother and her baby. However, with constant medical supervision, pregnancy and natural childbirth with hypothyroidism are quite real. With full control and following all the recommendations of doctors, pregnancy and childbirth with hypothyroidism will go well.

Determine the role of studying socio-biological factors and obstetric-gynecological history in predicting and early diagnosis of the threat of termination in the first trimester of pregnancy. We analyzed 210 case histories of patients who were treated in the gynecological department of the Perinatal Center in Bukhara and were observed in antenatal clinics No. 6 and No. 11 of the same city for the period of 2019. All pregnant women were divided into two groups. The main I-group consisted of 110 women, whose pregnancies with the threat of termination with clinical symptoms - pain in the lower abdomen with the onset of the 1st trimester at gestation periods from 5 to 12 weeks. The control group included 100 patients with the physiological course of pregnancy II – group.