The USA Journals Volume 03 Issue 08-2021
28
The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology
(ISSN
–
2693-0803)
Published:
August 31, 2021 |
Pages:
28-32
Doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/Volume03Issue08-06
I
MPACT
F
ACTOR
2021:
5.
952
‘
ABSTRACT
This subject analyses the framework of international law that regulates the flow of people across
international borders as regular or irregular migrants. It also equips students to understand the human
rights of migrants who live or work in countries outside the state of their nationality.
KEYWORDS
Migration, cooperation, legal, international, travel passport, nationality, law, regular, irregular,
immigrants, immigration.
INTRODUCTION
Internal migration: moving within a state,
country, or continent. External migration:
moving to a different state, country, or
continent. Emigration: leaving one country to
move to another. Immigration: moving into a
new country. Return migration: moving back to
where you came from.
United Nations Economic Commission for
Europe (UNECE), United Nations Development
1
http://un.org/esa/devaccount/projects/2008/0809A
.html
Accounts Strengthening national capacities to
improve
migration
data:
maximizing
development benefits and minimizing negative
impacts”
1
There are four major forms of migration:
invasion,
conquest,
colonization
and
emigration/immigration. Persons moving from
their home due to forced displacement (such
as a natural disaster or civil disturbance) may
The Current State Of International Legal Cooperation In The
Field Of Labour Migration
Durdonaxon Oybek qizi Murodova
“Istiqbolli Avlod” Riam, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theamericanjou
rnals.com/index.php/ta
jpslc
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
The USA Journals Volume 03 Issue 08-2021
29
The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology
(ISSN
–
2693-0803)
Published:
August 31, 2021 |
Pages:
28-32
Doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/Volume03Issue08-06
I
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2021:
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952
be described as displaced persons or, if
remaining in the home country, internally
displaced persons. The following The following
can lead to migration:
Higher employment.
More wealth.
Better services.
Good climate.
Safer, less crime.
Political stability.
More fertile land.
Lower risk from natural hazards
2
.
Human migration involves the movement of
people from one place to another with
intentions of settling, permanently or
temporarily, at a new location (geographic
region). The movement often occurs over long
distances and from one country to another, but
internal migration (within a single country) is
also possible; indeed, this is the dominant form
of human migration globally. Migration is often
associated with better human capital at both
individual and household level, and with better
access to migration networks. Age is also
important for both work and non-work
migration. People may migrate as individuals,
in family units or in large groups. There are four
major forms of migration: invasion, conquest,
colonization and emigration/immigration.
Key differences Between Migrants and
Immigrants
Migrant = temporary movement. Immigrant =
permanent residency. Migration can occur
within the borders of the same country, or
cross international borders. Immigration
occurs when a person crosses an international
2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_human_m
igration
border and becomes a permanent resident in
another country
Often censuses and surveys are viewed as
sources of the same type - obviously, the
predominant way of collecting data is through
interviews with respondents. However, some
countries with developed population registers
have already switched to register-based
censuses. They do not require the personal
participation of the population in the survey.
Information incl. Migration information is
collected automatically by integrating data
about a person from different registers, in
which it represented each person under his
unique personal number. Censuses are based
on
administrative
sources.
In
the
overwhelming majority of countries, the
census is still traditionally carried out by visiting
interviewers on residential premises and
polling the population using a special
questionnaire
3
. Persons moving from their
home due to forced displacement (such as a
natural disaster or civil disturbance) may be
described as displaced persons or, if remaining
in the home country, internally displaced
persons. A person who seeks refuge in another
country can, if the reason for leaving the home
country is political, religious, or another form
of persecution, make a formal application to
that country where refuge is sought and is then
usually described[by whom?] as an asylum
seeker. If this application is successful, this
person’s legal status becomes that of a
refugee.
In contemporary times,[when?] migration
governance has become closely associated
with state sovereignty. States retain the power
of deciding on the entry and stay of non-
3
During the 2010 round of censuses, out of forty
countries in the UNECE region, 27 conducted or are
planning to conduct a census using the traditional
survey method (see P. Valente, 2010).
The USA Journals Volume 03 Issue 08-2021
30
The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology
(ISSN
–
2693-0803)
Published:
August 31, 2021 |
Pages:
28-32
Doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/Volume03Issue08-06
I
MPACT
F
ACTOR
2021:
5.
952
nationals because migration directly affects
some of the defining elements of a State.
It is rooted in its Fundamental Principles and
universal character as well as in its volunteer
and community basis. However, patterns and
issues associated with migration change over
time.
We should, therefore, continually examine our
ways of working with and for migrants to
ensure that our action remains strong,
coherent, and mindful of crosscutting issues.
Our policy on migration is a living policy: It will
be reviewed and, if necessary, revised as we
evaluate its implementation.
Each National Society and the International
Federation shall take into account and adopt
the following approach on migration.
1.
Focus on the needs and vulnerabilities of
migrants
2.
Include
migrants
in
humanitarian
programming
3.
Support the aspirations of migrants
4.
Recognize the rights of migrants
5.
Link
assistance,
protection
and
humanitarian advocacy for migrants
6.
Build partnerships for migrants
7.
Work along the migratory trails
8.
Assist migrants in return
9.
Respond
to
the
displacement
of
populations
10.
Alleviate
migratory
pressures
on
communities of origin
It also provides the means by which certain
aliens can become legally naturalized citizens
with full rights of citizenship. Immigration law
serves as a gatekeeper for the nation's border,
determining who may enter, how long they
may stay, and when they must leave.
4
https://dataguide.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/
Migrants might be defined by foreign birth, by
foreign citizenship, or by their movement into
a new country to stay temporarily (sometimes
for as little as one month) or to settle for the
long-term. ... In some scholarly and everyday
usage, people who move internally within
national boundaries are called migrants
4
.
Actually, in any countries have protection
system and rules of migrants and immigrants.
Namely:
UN Refugee Convention (1951)3
Immigration and Nationality Act 1952 /
1965.
Refugee Act (1980)
Immigration Reform and Control Act
(1986)
American Homecoming Act (1989)
Immigration Act 1990.
Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant
Responsibility Act (IIRIRA) (1996)
As well as they are not just a name of books
they are the protective shell of migrants and
immigrants which can help them when they
need to protection and care about them when
they are ill.
In addition, how do these rules work in
Uzbekistan? How are immigrants and migrants
protected in our country?
There are many rules and principles for
migrants and immigrants in our country, which
survives their interest. In addition, there are
many comforts which is made for them and
their children.
The follows can be example
The USA Journals Volume 03 Issue 08-2021
31
The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology
(ISSN
–
2693-0803)
Published:
August 31, 2021 |
Pages:
28-32
Doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/Volume03Issue08-06
I
MPACT
F
ACTOR
2021:
5.
952
The Consultative Council on Labor, Migration
and Social Protection of the CIS Member States
has been established and operates to:
Develop a policy of reconciliation by providing
advice and exchanging views on important
issues of mutual interest;
Harmonization of the legislation of the CIS
member states and regulation of issues related
to labor relations, migration, employment,
social protection and labour protection;
Development of proposals on these issues and
approval
of
draft
intergovernmental
agreements.
As well as that Support social, work in the
protection of children affected by migration in
Uzbekistan.
The growth of labour migration in Uzbekistan
has created new challenges for structures that
support vulnerable families. To address
migration issues, the Republican Centre for
Social Adaptation of Children conducted
trainings for social workers on social work
practices with children and families affected by
migration.
In Uzbekistan, there has long been a discussion
about the use of a customs declaration for
similar measuring purposes, where the
purpose of the trip is indicated and the flows of
labour migration can be determined
5
.
These activities are part of a project to identify
and protect children abandoned by immigrant
parents in four regions of Uzbekistan –
Bukhara, Fergana, Surkhandarya and Khorezm.
5
International Migration Statistics A Practical Guide
for Eastern Europe and Central Asia. UNITED
NATIONS 2011
The project is implemented by the Women’s
Committee of Uzbekistan and UNICEF and
funded by the European Union.
Prolonged absence of parents from children’s
daily lives can have a negative impact on their
well-being and health,” "The aim of the training
was to train child care professionals in social
work skills to better protect children affected
by migration."
To the measures taken to regulate the
processes of external labour migration, the
conclusion of international agreements on the
organized recruitment of citizens for work
abroad, the creation of favourable conditions
for their safe access to work outside the
country however, a large influx of illegal labour
migration persists.
The rate of organized employment of citizens
abroad, as well as the employment of
returnees, remains low.
Further improvement of the system of external
labor migration, radical expansion of its
organizational forms, ensuring the protection
of labor and social rights of citizens leaving the
country for work, In order to expand the
involvement of returning migrant workers in
entrepreneurship and labor, as well as the
consistent implementation of the tasks set out
in the Action Strategy for the five priority areas
of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan
in 2017-2021 so many activities was carried out.
Of course they are all brilliant example to show
how it is important to care and protect
migrants and immigrants
6
.
In my these rules can create better life for
migrants and immigrants their children as well
The USA Journals Volume 03 Issue 08-2021
32
The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology
(ISSN
–
2693-0803)
Published:
August 31, 2021 |
Pages:
28-32
Doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/Volume03Issue08-06
I
MPACT
F
ACTOR
2021:
5.
952
of course those are all help of smart leader who
cares and who is ready to do any good things
for his people.
REFERENCES
1.
International
Migration
Law:
Developing
Paradigms
and
Key
Challenges.
2.
Information legal portal.
3.
Law.cornel.edu.
4.
En.em.wikipedia.orf.
5.
http://un.org/esa/devaccount/projects/
2008/0809A.html.
6.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_o
f_human_migration.
7.
During the 2010 round of censuses, out
of forty countries in the UNECE region,
27 conducted or are planning to
conduct a census using the traditional
survey method (see P. Valente, 2010).
8.
https://dataguide.migrationobservator
y.ox.ac.uk/
9.
International Migration Statistics A
Practical Guide for Eastern Europe and
Central Asia. UNITED NATIONS 2011.
10.
https://nbu.uz/en/normative-legal-
documents.
