https://scientific-jl.com/luch/
Часть-44_ Том-1_ Май-2025
416
«APPROACHES AND METHODS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING
LANGUAGES»
Turakulova Nigora Eminovna
A’zamova Dilafruz
Teachers of the Academic Lyceum of Kokand State University
Annotation. This article discusses about useful, non-traditional methods and
techniques of language learning and their practical significance. In addition, a
description of each method and techniques is provided for learning and teaching
some significant aspects of languages. The main purpose of using such kind
methods in the field of language learning is to arise students’ interest in language
skills, to increase their knowledge of the language and use of important aspects of
language. This allows you to add a variety of innovations and effective styles to the
language. Also, the use of such methods at lessons not only helps to enrich the
knowledge of the person, but also to increase his interest. The next advantage of
these approaches is that to expand the scientific worldview.
Key words: Understanding through grammatical rules, translation, audio-
lingual method, communicative language teaching, direct method, total physical
response, suggestopedia, task-based language teaching, problems associated with
methods, eclectic approach in Teaching
There is also a discussion of foreign language teaching methods and the types
of modern approaches used in them and their benefits. If teachers or scientists do
not choose an appropriate method for learning and teaching, the expected results
will not be achieved.
https://scientific-jl.com/luch/
Часть-44_ Том-1_ Май-2025
417
Scientific learning methods cover each stage of language learning and analyze
their practical significance.
This article is devoted to each aspect of the topic and the description of new,
modern innovative methods that are important to use. It helps to increase the range
of skills on learning and teaching and to achieve great success on language
studying.
Teaching foreign languages and learning some aspects of particular language
are a bit challenging on the other hand it is a rewarding job. Most scientists spend
their time on learning some useful branches or aspects of the language. Now with
the help of technological devices learning foreign languages is very easy and they
help to save time. These devices are very beneficial for teachers to teach their pupils
perfectly.
There are some methods of teaching languages:
1.Understanding through grammatical rules.
Grammar is one of the most popular language teaching methods which has
been used as an effective way from the past to present.
This way is based on theoretical knowledge and some rules. In this way pupils
can learn only rules and grammatical structure of sentences and then they can
analyze texts according to grammatical knowledge and outlook. Besides that they
can make some examples about the given rules. Now This method is used widely
in modern schools of developed countries, such as in England, the USA.
2. Translation.
Translation is the main communication of a source-language. This approach
is based on vocabulary and their meaning. If pupils translate some sentences or
text, their vocabulary will enhance and then they will have an ability to do any task
https://scientific-jl.com/luch/
Часть-44_ Том-1_ Май-2025
418
without difficulties according to translate the words truly. For instance, this method
mostly helps for scientists to know the meaning of research and some scientific
works. This approach is also beneficial. The role of interpreters is absolutely great
to develop this method because they are the main people who work on the field of
specialization.
3. Audio-lingual method.
This method grew indirectly out of a program developed by American
linguists and psychologists for the US Army during the Second World War. But it
really took shape when American Structural Linguistics and Behaviorist
Psychology were adopted as the twin foundations of a ‘scientific’ approach of
foreign language teaching in the late 1950s. It is similar in many ways to Situational
Language Teaching, but there are some notable differences.
This is one of the famous methods which is used in teaching foreign
languages. Sometimes it is called Army Method, or New Key. The main great
feature of this method is that the examples of behaviorism can be seen as an
important theory. Some aspects of this method looks like the Direct Method. This
method teaches pupils and students to use foreign languages and their possibilities,
such as new words and grammar of it than their native language. Because the
possibilities of their own language are no so wide and new for them but learning
some aspects of foreign language helps people to get new information and enrich
the worldview. The main of this method is teaching grammar and its rules. Unlike
some of other methods, it does not prefer using and teaching vocabulary.
In Audio-lingual Method there are two main activities which are named
dialogue repetition and memorization, and substitution drilling. The dialogues are
pronounced in a new structure or contextualized models, people should remember
and write some significant points of it. The substitution drilling is very extensive
and intensive, it has a great structure which is often uncontextualized.
https://scientific-jl.com/luch/
Часть-44_ Том-1_ Май-2025
419
4.Communicative language teaching(CLT) or Communicative approach(CA).
This is a type of approach which is mostly related to the speech of people. This
approach learns and practices interactions related to language and their purposes,
the use of languages both at lessons and outside of class.
Learners share their ideas about personal experiences with their partners and
they exchange their language skills with each other. That method is also used to
encourage speakers to express their experiences into the environment of language
learning.
CLT has some benefits which help not only students or pupils but also teachers
to use during lessons. Because oration plays a key role to make lessons more
effective and interesting.
5.Direct Method.
This method aims at learning through listening and speaking. It does not learn
about grammar. As it does not focus on the rules, it does not matter making some
mistakes because they are miner faults. There is not any limitation for using this
method. Oral communication is the main object because the direct approach uses
speaking more than reading and writing skills. This method encourages pupils or
students to express their thoughts in spite of having some grammatical mistakes.
6.Total Physical Response(TPR).
Total Physical Response (TPR) as a not exclusive but certainly central method
in in foreign language teaching proves to be an excellent solution in speeding up
learning as linguistic output is acquired through the use of the kinesthetic system
associated with the sense of sight, hearing and touch (multisensory learning).
In this approach visual cues have great importance. Pupils or students need to
see image or the action of the theme many times so as to learn new words and other
https://scientific-jl.com/luch/
Часть-44_ Том-1_ Май-2025
420
aspects of language on this topic. With the help of this method people can develop
their listening skills. During practicing with this method they should pay attention
to new words and main facts. It gives people some opportunities to communicate
using newly acquired words.
REFERENCES
1. P.Davies, E.Pearse. Success in English Teaching. “Oxford University
Press”.2010. Page 190.
2. M.Morretta, M.Grazia de Francisci. The Learning Code:How to Speed the
Learning of Languages through the Multisensory Method. ”Lulu Press”.2014.
3.https://en.m.wikipedia.org
