«EKOLOGIYA VA ATROF MUHIT MUHOFAZASI
MUAMMOLARI VA ULARNING INNOVATSION YECHIMLARI»
mavzusidagi xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya
УДК
633.3:631.82/635.1
Assessment of the environmental impact on soil fertility, development and yield
of soybean varieties on medium saline agrocenoses
Arziyev Azizbek Ulug`bekovich
Babadjanova Shirin Kadamovna
master's degree Udmurt State University
Urgench State University named Abu Rayhon Beruni, Professor of the Department
of Ecology
Abstract.
Diversification of a variety of agricultural crops on moderately saline
land helps to increase the productivity of agricultural products, which significantly
increases the income of farmers. To date, due to the development of environmental and
economic situations, issues of the production potential of various environmentally
specialized plants are studied based on the adaptive strategy, the formation of the
natural environment and the use of environmental optimization functions. All this
requires constant attention to the environmental situation in the region and scientifically
based measures aimed at maintaining and increasing the natural potential and fertility
of the soil cover.
Key words:
root nodules, biomass, inoculation,soybean recovery,soil,fertility.
Аннотация.
Диверсификация разнообразных сельскохозяйственных
культур на среднезасоленных землях способствует повышению продуктивности
сельскохозяйственной продукции, что существенно увеличивает доходы
фермеров. На сегодняшний день в связи с развитием эколого
-
экономической
обстановки изучаются вопросы производственного потенциала различных
экологически специализированных растений на основе адаптивной стратегии,
формирования природной среды и использования функций экологической
оптимизации. Все это требует постоянного внимания к экологической ситуации
в регионе и научно обоснованных мер, направленных на сохранение и
повышение природного потенциала и плодородия почвенного покрова.
Ключевые слова:
корневые клубеньки, биомасса, инокуляция,
восстановление сои, почва, плодородие.
324
«EKOLOGIYA VA ATROF MUHIT MUHOFAZASI
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The diversification of agricultural crops through the introduction and integration
of various agricultural practices on saline and degraded lands contributes to increasing
agricultural productivity. The introduction of unconventional and underused forage
grains and legumes into the culture in local crop rotations will reduce soil salinity and
enrich them with important nutrients, as well as restore the soil structure. Currently,
serious problems of preserving and restoring the land resource potential of agriculture
are becoming more acute all over the world, associated with the loss of soil fertility,
pollution and degradation of soils on significant land masses, and large-scale land
disturbance. A number of laws have been adapted in the Republic of Uzbekistan in
order to accelerate and stabilize agricultural reforms. It is noted that salinization of soils
leads to physical degradation of lands and their further withdrawal from agricultural
use. High doses of mineral fertilizers proved to be one of the causes of soil degradation
and environmental degradation. After harvesting, legumes and other crops with a short
growing season are cultivated as repeated crops. However, scientific research in this
direction has been started relatively recently. In this regard, the development of
agricultural techniques for growing (including its individual elements) of repeated
crops in the country is an urgent issue.
Material and methods of research
The research was conducted in 2023-2024 at the experimental field of the
conducted on irrigatedmeadow alluvial soils of the Khorezm region. The main purpose
of the research was to develop study and scientifically substantiate agricultural methods
of cultivation of soybeans crop rotation, ensuring the preservation of soil fertility,
improving its agro physical properties, as well as increasing productivity and increasing
the economic efficiency of its cultivation. We also monitored the growth, development
and yield of legumes. The repetition in the experiments is 4-fold; the placement of
variants is randomized. In our experience, the soybean variety “Orzu” was sown at a
rate of 60 kg / ha in the first decade of July, after harvesting winter wheat. The soybean
harvest was harvested in the phase of physiological ripeness of grain (R
8
). Statistical
processing of the results was carried out in the SAS 9.2 environment.
Research results and discussion
All processes related to agricultural production cause environmental changes. At
the same time, the transformation of compounds entering the ecological system
primarily occurs in the soil. Inoculation of soybean seeds with an active shtamm of
325
«EKOLOGIYA VA ATROF MUHIT MUHOFAZASI
MUAMMOLARI VA ULARNING INNOVATSION YECHIMLARI»
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Nitragin-137 was carried out before sowing the crop. The results show that inoculation
of soybean seeds with the Nitragin-137 shtamm has a significant effect on the yield and
quality of soybean grain. The yield increases compared to the nitrogen-free option.
Harvest soybeans in making N
30
P
120
K
100
kg/ha, but without inoculation nitrogen
was 1,47 t/ha with a yield of 0,47 index. At the same rate of fertilizer (N
30
P
120
K
100
)
and inoculation nitrogen showed a significant increase in grain yield by 0,12 t/ha,
where the harvest index was 0,56.
Table 1. Indicators of the effect of nitragine on soybean yield in repeated
crop rotation
№№
Variation
Dry above
ground
biomass at
maturity,
t/ha
Grain
yield,
t/ha
Yield index
%
1
N
30
–with
out
nitrogen
2,29
c
(0,08)
§
1,47b
(0,02)
0,47b
(0,01)
2
N
30
+ with
nitrogen
2,49
b
(0,02)
1,59a
(0,03)
0,56a
(0,01)
§ Standard deviation
The experiments have shown that the use of nitragine leads to the development of
agriculture based on effective plant protection and obtaining high yields with respect
for the environment and concern for human health.
Conclusions
.
The results of our research in the conditions of irrigated meadow soils of the
desert zone of Uzbekistan showed that during the summer cultivation of soybeans after
harvesting winter wheat, a relatively favorable ratio of the dry mass of vegetative and
generative organs of soybeans with the use of nitragine and low nitrogen norm (N
30
)
against the background of P
120
K
100
kg/ha, the resulting yield was 1,59 t/ha, dry
aboveground biomass 2.49 t/ha, and the mass of 1000 seeds was 124.9 g. Thus, the
thrifty attitude and preservation of land fertility and its scientifically-based use is of
paramount importance in the intensification of agriculture, in increasing yields,
326
«EKOLOGIYA VA ATROF MUHIT MUHOFAZASI
MUAMMOLARI VA ULARNING INNOVATSION YECHIMLARI»
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increases the value and importance of land not only as an object of production activity,
but also as one of the main components of the biosphere as a whole.
Bibliographic list
1. SAS Institute. 2008. SAS/STAT User’s Guide, Version 9.2. SAS Institute, Inc.,
Cary, North Carolina, USA
2.
Х.А
tabayeva “Soybean
” Т
oshkent 2004, 46 page
3. A. Polthanle and A. Kotcnasatit “Growth, Yield of soyabean” Pakistan Journal of
Biological Sciences 2001,86 page
4
.Мирзовалиев М. Соя в повторных посевах. Сельское хозяйства Таджикистана.
2000. -
№4.
–
С.48
-49.
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