821
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF TEACHING A FOREIGN
LANGUAGE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL
Kobilov Zafarjon Zokirovich,
candidate of historical sciences, associate professor of the
Khujand state university named after academician Bobojon Gafurov
Nasimova Sohiba Yaxyayevna,
assistant of Samarkand state medical university
department of languages
Abstract.
The practical goal of teaching a foreign language at school is to form the
foundations of practical knowledge of foreign languages in students. Achieving the goals and
solving the tasks set is carried out with the help of various teaching aids, acting in a certain,
methodically determined system.
Keywords.
English, foreign language, secondary school.
O‘RTA MAKTABDA CHET TILINI O‘QITISHNING MAQSAD VA VAZIFALARI
Kobilov Zafarjon Zokirovich,
akademik Bobojon G‘afurov nomidagi Xo‘jand davlat universiteti
dotsenti tarix fanlari nomzodi,
Nasimova Sohiba Yaxyayevna,
Samarqand davlat tibbiyot universiteti Tillar kafedrasi assistenti
Annotatsiya.
Maktabda chet tilini o‘qitishning amaliy maqsadi o‘quvchilarda chet tillarini
amaliy bilish asoslarini shakllantirishdir. Maqsadlarga erishish va vazifalarni hal qilish ma’lum,
uslubiy jihatdan aniqlangan tizimda ishlaydigan turli xil o‘quv vositalari yordamida amalga
oshiriladi.
Kalit so‘zlar/
Ingliz tili, chet tili, o‘rta maktab.
ORTAOKULDA YABANCI DİL ÖĞRETİMİNİN AMAÇ VE HEDEFLERİ
Kobilov Zafarjon Zokiroviç
akademisyen Bobojon Gafurov adına Hocand devlet üniversitesi
tarih bilimleri adayı, docent
Nasimova Sohiba Yaxyayevna
Semerkand Devlet Tıp Üniversitesi Asistanı
Diller Bölümü
Özet.
Okulda yabancı dil öğretiminin pratik amacı, öğrenciler arasında yabancı dillerin
pratik bilgisinin temellerini oluşturmaktır. Hedeflere ulaşmak ve belirlenen görevlerin çözümü,
belirli, metodik olarak şartlandırılmış bir sistemde faaliyet gösteren çeşitli eğitim araçları
kullanılarak gerçekleştirilir.
Anahtar kelimeler.
Ingilizce, yabancı dil, lise.
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ЦЕЛИ И ЗАДАЧИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ИНОСТРАННОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
В СРЕДНЕЙ ШКОЛЕ
Кобилов Зафарджон Зокирович
кандидат исторических наук, Худжандского государственного
университета имени академика Бободжона Гафурова
Насимова Сохиба Яхъяевна
ассистент кафедры языков Самаркандского государственного
медицинского университета
Аннотация.
Практической целью обучения иностранному языку в школе является
формирование у учащихся основ практических знаний иностранных языков. Достижение
целей и решение поставленных задач осуществляется с помощью различных средств
обучения, действующих в определенной, методически обусловленной системе.
Ключевые слова.
Английский язык, иностранный язык, средняя школа.
O‘RTA MAKTABDA CHET TILINI O‘QITISHNING MAQSAD VA VAZIFALARI
Kobilov Zafarjon Zokirovich,
tarix fanlari nomzodi, akademik Bobojon G‘afurov nomidagi
Xo‘jand davlat universiteti tojik xalqi tarixi kafedrasi dotsenti
Nasimova Sohiba Yaxyayevna,
Samarqand davlat tibbiyot universiteti Tillar kafedrasi assistenti
Annotatsiya.
Maktabda chet tilini o‘qitishning amaliy maqsadi o‘quvchilarda chet tillarini
amaliy bilish asoslarini shakllantirishdir. Maqsadlarga erishish va vazifalarni hal qilish ma’lum,
uslubiy jihatdan aniqlangan tizimda ishlaydigan turli xil o‘quv vositalari yordamida amalga
oshiriladi.
Kalit so‘zlar
. Ingliz tili, chet tili, o‘rta maktab.
The purpose of teaching a foreign language at school is the most important methodological
and socio-pedagogical category, which largely determines the content and methods of teaching.
Under the means of education is understood all that material (technical and non-technical) that
assists in the organization and conduct of the educational process. Among the main methodological
categories identified above, teaching aids occupy a very significant place. Representing a complex
subsystem, each of the teaching aids has its own special structure and special function and therefore
needs to be considered separately. Let's start with the classification of teaching aids. An analysis of
methodological literature, textbooks, teaching aids makes it possible to classify teaching aids in at
least four aspects: 1. First, according to their role in the educational process: into basic and
auxiliary. 2. Secondly, the addressee: for the teacher and for the students. 3. Thirdly, through the
communication channel: auditory (sound), visual, visual-auditory. 4. Fourth, on the use of
technology, technical and non-technical.
The basic teaching aids included in the educational and methodological complex constitute
the minimum of funds that is necessary for the implementation of the educational process at the
modern level and the achievement of the goals of the educational subject «foreign language». Let's
consider each of the main means included in the educational and methodological complex. The
program is a state document that should guide the teacher in his work in a particular class. The
teacher's book is the second important teaching tool. It is the book for the teacher that reveals the
essence (content) of the work on the educational and methodological complex as a whole. The book
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for the teacher is the main scientific and methodological manual containing a description of the
organization of the educational process and methodological recommendations on the use of certain
teaching methods. Textbook - is the main teaching aid that contains material designed to master the
student in various types of speech activity. The textbook is the main, direct means of teaching.
Book for reading - in the second year of study, another tool is connected - a book for reading (or
texts for reading inside the textbook), which is at the disposal of the student and helps him in
mastering reading in English. To develop this complex skill, home reading is a must. Reading
additional texts on various topics makes it possible to carry out practical, educational, educational
and winding goals.
Auxiliary means of teaching foreign languages should be understood as all materials, tools of
the educational process. Based on their general didactic capabilities, it is advisable to divide all
auxiliary tools into two large groups:
1. Traditional (non-technical learning tools)
2. Modern (technical teaching aids)
Among the traditional means used in teaching a foreign language, there is no such material
that would be sent only through the auditory channel of information. As for the educational activity
of the teacher, as you know, his speech comes to the student through two perceptions at the same
time, since the students, listening to the teacher, observe his articulation, facial expressions,
gestures, and advancements [2, 78].
Describing the system of technical teaching aids, it is clear that another element, a technical
device, is introduced into the structure of the concept of «learning aid», with the help of which it is
possible to demonstrate information, oral or written speech itself, on the appropriate media. With
the help of the latter, objects of the material world are either described, or speech works are
supposed in speech situations for the purpose of transmitting and then receiving information.
The terms that denote each group of technical teaching aids, endowed with more or less
common characteristics, are indicated. Thus, in the methodological plan, a foreign language teacher
uses three technical means in his work: a phonogram, a photo gram and a video phonogram.
A phonogram is an auxiliary learning tool demonstrated with the help of a sound technical
apparatus and directing educational speech information through the auditory canal to the
individual's sensory system.
A photogram should be called an auxiliary learning tool that is demonstrated using a
projection apparatus and directs speech information through the visual channel of the individual's
sensory system.
A video phonogram is an educational aid that is demonstrated with the help of a sound
lighting device and directs speech information simultaneously through the visual and auditory
channels of the individual's sensory system.
Both the main and auxiliary teaching aids are concentrated in the English room, the role of
which can hardly be overestimated in organizing and conducting the educational process with
schoolchildren during and after school hours. Indeed, there is now an English room in almost every
school, and lessons are held in it. The classroom can and should become a center for learning a
foreign language, where conditions are created for expanding the possibilities of using sound
recordings of a language laboratory, sets of educational visual aids, filmstrips, transparencies, film
fragments and others outside of school hours. The student comes to the English room: - listen to the
sound recording, - talk with the announcer, - perform the training exercises of the language practice,
which are intended for independent work - talk with a friend on the basis of the listened or read
dialogue - sample, changing roles - practice with the help of the announcer in expressive reading a
coherent text that can be used to build your own statement on the situation - build a coherent
statement yourself using a picture, a series of pictures like those used in the lesson. - look at
transparencies, a filmstrip and, therefore, listen to the sound accompaniment to them, try to
remember what they say, mentally reproduce, and then talk about them. In the English classroom,
students can do work beyond what is provided by the program. For example: read books in English
824
that are understandable, listen to a song, a fairy tale, look at transparencies, filmstrips, carefully
familiarize yourself with the exposition in the office. Independent work of schoolchildren in the
English classroom outside school hours, organized by the teacher with the involvement of students,
will contribute to their successful solution [4, 125].
What is a learning tool? - teaching aids in the process of teaching foreign languages takes a
very important place. For foreign language teachers, the main ones are various material resources
that should be in the classrooms of a foreign language. If in foreign language classrooms everything
is equipped with various teaching aids, then it is necessary to develop its correct use, it is necessary
to indicate specific teaching aids. In some cases, from the experience of leading teachers, it is
necessary to use and develop self-made manuals, systems. In order for training to be based on the
basic modern requirements for the organization and conduct of the educational process, each
teacher must have the main teaching aids, which are indicated by class. It is the responsibility of the
teacher not only to know them and have them, but also to keep them in working condition so that
they can always be used in the classroom, and outside of school hours and during extracurricular
activities. Due to the fact that a foreign language is the most difficult in comparison with other
languages, therefore, it is necessary to use all types of means of instruction, compulsory and
scientific. Types, means of training, they are very wide, so they always need to be expanded. In the
process of teaching a foreign language, the textbook is the main means of learning. An important
learning factor for students is the textbook, and in turn it is also the core of the educational
methodological process. It is necessary during training to know the psychological theory of the
assimilation of materials and their use. For efficiency, it is necessary and necessary to take into
account the program of teaching a foreign language.
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