Ustozlar uchun
pedagoglar.org
74-son 2–to’plam Iyun-2025
Sahifa: 79
STUDYING LINGUISTIC UNITS EXPRESSING EMOTIONS
IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Andijan state institution of foreign languages
Student:
Muxamadjonova Laylo
E-mail: muhammadjonovalaylo048@gmail.com
Phone: +998 50 709 84 06
Research supervisor:
Yaqubjonova Rozixon
E-mail: yaqubjonovaruzixon@gmail.com
Phone: +998 91 482 22
91
Abstract:
The study focuses on the lexical-semantic field of linguistic units
expressing emotions in English and Uzbek, analyzing their structural composition and
semantics. The research aims to compare these lexical-semantic fields in both languages,
generalize their common features, and identify language-specific phenomena.
Keywords:
lexicon, semantics, emotions, linguistics, linguistic culture.
In world linguistics, the study of linguistic units expressing various emotions has
always been a central issue. To ensure that speech is conveyed fully and vividly, words
expressing emotions are used, making events and phenomena clearer and more
comprehensible to the listener. Therefore, the comparative-typological and linguistic-
cultural analysis of emotional expressions in different language systems has attracted the
attention of linguists. In recent years, numerous comparative linguistic studies have been
conducted on emotions from a linguistic perspective. Since lexical units expressing
emotions play a crucial role in making communication lively, expressive, and engaging,
studying their communicative-pragmatic, structural-semantic, and linguistic-cultural
features has become an essential task in modern linguistics.
In psychology, the terms "emotion" and "feeling" are often used interchangeably.
While emotion is considered a psychological process representing internal experiences
with distinct external manifestations, feeling reflects a person’s attitude towards objects
that satisfy or hinder their needs. For example, trembling lips, smiling, laughter, and
confusion are categorized as emotions, whereas patriotism, compassion, responsibility, and
love are considered feelings. The main difference between them is that feelings are social,
while emotions are individual and subjective. Additionally, emotions are typically short-
lived and triggered by specific stimuli, often resulting in immediate physiological and
behavioral responses. Feelings, on the other hand, tend to be more enduring and shaped by
personal experiences, cultural background, and social context.
Emotions can occur automatically and often without conscious thought — for
example, fear in response to a loud noise — whereas feelings involve a higher level of self-
Ustozlar uchun
pedagoglar.org
74-son 2–to’plam Iyun-2025
Sahifa: 80
awareness, allowing individuals to reflect on their emotional states and attach personal
meaning to them. Because of this, feelings can evolve and deepen over time, influencing
long-term attitudes and relationships.
Furthermore, emotions are often considered universal across cultures, with research
indicating that basic emotions like happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and disgust are
recognized worldwide. Feelings, however, are more closely tied to language, cultural
values, and social experiences, making them more diverse and nuanced.
In summary, while emotions provide the immediate, instinctive reactions that help
humans respond to the environment, feelings involve a more complex process of
evaluation, interpretation, and internalization. This distinction is important in
psychological research and practice because it enables a deeper understanding of how
humans experience, regulate, and communicate their inner worlds.
According to A. Savchenko, emotional relations are formed and reinforced through
language based on social and national experiences. In this context, emotions, which are an
integral part of consciousness, also become an inseparable part of language.
J. Vandries notes that words never enter our consciousness alone. Even when a word
is perceived with a single meaning, it remains connected by subtle links to numerous other
concepts and emotions that are ready to surface at any moment. He emphasizes that words
passing through our consciousness are deeply intertwined with our intellectual and
emotional experiences.
Y. Wolf classified emotional linguistic units into two categories. The first type aims
to evoke specific emotions in the listener, while the second type is used by the speaker to
express their own emotions. However, distinguishing these two categories can be
challenging, as both serve the same communicative function and contribute equally to the
effectiveness of speech. In any case, a speaker evaluates an event emotionally and
influences the listener’s actions through speech.
According to G’. Shingarov, emotions exist within the realm of passion while
preserving the most significant social characteristics of feelings. Spiritual feelings are
unique to humans. Therefore, human nature is a combination of emotions and passions.
Regardless of whether emotions and feelings are positive or negative, they inherently
possess a social aspect. If a person can control their emotions and direct them towards
goodness with reason, they can free themselves from ignorance and hatred.
From a moral and psychological perspective, human emotions and passions can be
classified as follows:
1. Social-political emotions – These are feelings associated with patriotism, loyalty
to independence, national pride, and honor.
2. Intellectual emotions – These include brightness and clarity of thought, amazement,
hesitation, confidence and doubt, rashness, self-deprecation, arrogance, and others.
Ustozlar uchun
pedagoglar.org
74-son 2–to’plam Iyun-2025
Sahifa: 81
Through these emotions, humans demonstrate creativity, innovation, and intellectual
achievements.
3. Emotions of good and evil – These involve moral awareness, love and hatred,
admiration and envy, and other ethical experiences.
4. Aesthetic emotions – These include the appreciation of beauty, purity of emotions
and feelings, excitement, joy, sorrow, disgust, and others.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, linguistic means of expressing emotions hold a significant place in
language and linguistics as a unique component of speech and cognition. Based on the
points mentioned above, it can be stated that lexical units expressing emotions in Uzbek
linguistics have been studied to a considerable extent. The findings and suggestions derived
from these studies will serve as a solid foundation for future research on the linguistic
expression of emotions. Furthermore, they will encourage more in-depth exploration into
the interplay between cultural context, emotional nuance, and linguistic structure, thereby
enriching our understanding of how emotions are shaped and conveyed in the Uzbek
language.
REFERENCES:
1.
Абакумов С.И. Современный русский литературный язык. – М.: Наука, 1942.
– 182 c.
2.
Амосова Н.Н. Основы английской фразеологии – М.: Эдиториал УРСС, 2003.
– 233 c.
3.
Арнольд В.И. Лексикология современного английского языка. – М.: Высшая
школа, 1986. – 376 c.Балли Ш. Общая лингвистика и вопросы французского
языка. – М.: Едиториал УРСС, 2001. – 412 c.
4.
Вандриес Ж. Язык. – М., 1937. – 176 с.
5.
Виноградов В.В. Лексикология и лексикография: избранные труды – М.:
Наука, 1986. – 312 с.
6.
Виноградов В.В.О языке художественной литературы. – М., 1959. – 652 c.
7.
Винокур Т. Закономерности исползования язикових единиц., Наука, 1980.
– 17c.
8.
Вольф Е.Функциональная семантика оценки. – М., Наука, 1985. – 288 с.
9.
Гегель B. Система науки. Феноменология духа / Соч. Т. IV. – М., 1959. – 444
c.
10.
Изард К.Э. Психология эмоций. – Питер, 2006. – 464 c.
