World scientific research journal
https://scientific-jl.com/wsrj
Volume-38_Issue-1_April-2025
133
SOURCES OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION
AND MEASURES TO PREVENT THEM
Nurov Sarboz Azim o’g’li
Bukhara state medical institute
Orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9026-6459
Abstract.
Mineral substances make up the solid part of the soil. In natural
deposition, solid particles occupy a certain part of the mass of the soil, and the rest is
made up of pits (porosity), which have different sizes and shapes in the range of
particles and their aggregates. The total sum of these spaces is called soil porosity.
Soil porosity is Capillary and non-capillary. Small particles of capillary porous soil
are equal to the volume in the capillary range, and non-capillary porosity is equal to
the volume of large pits between the elements of the macrostructure.
Keywords.
Lithosphere, radiating rocks, reclamation state, microflora.
The soil is a natural structure formed from the change of lithospheric surface
floors under the influence of water, air and living organisms and made up of
genetically interconnected horizons; the surface and fertile layer of the Earth's crust.
The most important feature of the soil, which differs from the radiating rocks, is its
fertility. Soil science is engaged in such issues as the study of soil and the compilation
of its classification, the development of methods for improving its composition and
increasing its fertility. The main factors that make up the soil are: climate, soil native
sex, flora and fauna, terrain and geological age of the area and human economic
activity.
Rock rocks that rise to the surface of the earth are eroded (irradiated) under the
influence of precipitation, carbon dioxide, oxygen, air temperature, mechanical
forces, water and substances dissolved in it, air, microorganisms and tuberous plants
(or lichens). The radiating rocks are crushed to form a porous layer. This layer
acquires a new property over time — a moist capacity and a small amount of nutrients
that plants can absorb. Microorganisms in the emerging new environment create
conditions for the growth of plants due to their life activity, plants absorb and
accumulate in themselves the necessary nutrients for their life from the soil. Part of
the destroyed plant decomposes under the influence of microorganisms and turns into
minerals, and the rest into humus (humus) as a result of complex biochemical
processes. All these processes take place in conditions of continuous irradiation, as
well as the sour substances secreted by the plant roots, as well as organic residues.
The soil is composed of solid, liquid, gaseous and living components. Their ratio
to each other is different T.not only larda, but also different in different layers of one
World scientific research journal
https://scientific-jl.com/wsrj
Volume-38_Issue-1_April-2025
134
soil type. Mineral substances make up the solid part of the soil. In natural deposition,
solid particles occupy a certain part of the mass of the soil, and the rest is made up of
pits (porosity), which have different sizes and shapes in the range of particles and
their aggregates. The total sum of these spaces is called soil porosity. Soil porosity is
Capillary and non-capillary. Small particles of capillary porous soil are equal to the
volume in the capillary range, and non-capillary porosity is equal to the volume of
large pits between the elements of the macrostructure. The porosity of the mineral
part of the soil is around 40-60%, and in swampy and glazed soils it is around 27%.
Porosity depends on the specific and volume weight of the soil. Earth in the
composition, which makes up the liquid part of the soil in the pits.
The air permeability of the soil is the right proportional size to the amount of air
in it, and depends on the structure, structure and water resistance of the soil.The
specific mass of the soil is determined by the ratio of the weight of a certain volume
of soil solid to the weight of water of the same volume obtained at 4°. T. the specific
mass of mineral parts depends on the mineralogical composition and the content of
organic substances in it (ranges from 2.50— 2.80 g/cm3). The density of intact soil is
said to be the weight of 1 cm3 soil weight in its natural state per gram, and is
determined by the porosity of the soil and the average density of the solid phase. The
chemical composition, physicochemical, physicochemical and other properties of the
soil that determine the level of fertility depend to some extent on the nature and
composition of the absorbing complex in it. Depending on the characteristics of this
absorbent complex of the soil, measures for improving the land are prescribed.
The living component of the soil is soil microorganisms (see microflora), many
groups of invertebrates — from representatives of the simplest animals, earthworms,
molluscs, insects, and Earth-carving vertebrates (hummingbirds, mice, rats),
etc.k.formed from dan.
Based on the circulation and resettlement of substances in nature, soil
morphology, composition and properties change along the profile from top to bottom
according to a certain law and are manifested in the alternation of soil horizons.
Therefore, the improper use of soil cover, which is one of the factors that make up a
person's living environment without knowing these processes, leads to soil erosion,
its salinity and waterlogging. Agriculture to reduce soil pollution.at the rules for the
use of pesticides are introduced.
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135
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