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AUTHOR’S QUESTIONNAIRE FOR DIAGNOSING OBSESSIVE – COMPULSIVE
DISORDER (OCD) IN ADOLESCENTS
Khudaiberdieva Dilorom Khaidar kizi
Doctoral student of Gulistan State University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15119719
Abstract:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a serious psychological disorder
characterized by obsessive thoughts and repetitive actions. In the teenage years, OCD can have a
significant impact on emotional state, behavior and social adaptation.
Key words:
obsessive-compulsive disorder, behavior, mental, neurosis, compulsion,
symptoms, questionnaires, psychological disorders, special program, adaptation.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (obsessive-compulsive disorder) is a special form of mental
neurosis, which is characterized by the presence of obsessive thoughts and actions. The obsession
syndrome, which prevails in thoughts, feelings, actions, occurs involuntarily, but is fully
recognized by him as a painful phenomenon. A person understands the absurdity, unnaturalness
and illogicality of these neurotic obsessive manifestations, but cannot get rid of them.
Most often, the disease is diagnosed in childhood and adolescence. A large percentage of
cases also occur in people under 30 years of age. The gender distribution of patients is
approximately equal: men and women are equally susceptible to the disease.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children under 6 years of age often manifests itself in the
form of fears (phobias). Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children of primary school age is
expressed in the form of compulsions (obsessive actions). Obsessive-compulsive disorder in
adolescents usually occurs in the form of obsessions (obsessive ideas, thoughts).
The severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents is determined by the duration
of time within a day when the child is in a state of obsessive thoughts and actions.
The prevalence of OCD as a mental disorder in children and adults is not related to the social
status of patients. However, a greater number of cases of the disease are diagnosed among people
with average and high incomes.
Diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents is complicated by the fact that
this disease has similar features with other pathological processes, in particular with
schizophrenia. Therefore, only a specialist in a specialized medical clinic can make an accurate
diagnosis.
When diagnosing OCD in an adolescent, it is necessary to exclude sluggish schizophrenia, the
symptoms of which have similar features: scarcity of emotional manifestations, inconsistency and
illogicality of thoughts and actions, the presence of ritualistic actions. Paroxysmal schizophrenia
has common features with OCD, but unlike obsessive disorders, anxiety is more pronounced,
obsessive thoughts and actions acquire a different scale.
So for diagnosing obsessive – compulsive disorder we have made special program which can
help to find out the early symptoms of obsessive – compulsive disorder.
The aim is development and practical application of comprehensive tools to identify
obsessive-compulsive manifestations in adolescents, identify the manifestations of their
symptoms, and differentiate obsessive-compulsive disorder from other disorders.
The methodology is based on the cognitive-behavioral model of OCD (Salkovskis, 1999),
modern neurobiological theories (Fineberg et al., 2020), and empirical evidence on adolescent
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psychopathology (Mataix-Cols et al., 2016). It includes items from standardized questionnaires
adapted for adolescence, as well as original questions aimed at identifying individual
characteristics of obsessions and compulsions.
The methodology includes three blocks: diagnostic survey, analysis of cognitive strategies,
and assessment of the impact of symptoms on daily life.
This questionnaire consists of 15 questions aimed at identifying the main manifestations of
obsessive-compulsive disorders in adolescents. Rate the questions on a scale from 0 to 4.
0 – never
1 – Rarely
2 – Sometimes
3 – Often
4 – always
In addition to the diagnostic questionnaire, adolescents are assessed for their anxiety coping
strategies:
Each respondent assesses the degree of impact of OCD symptoms on various areas of life
(school, family, friendships, leisure) on a 5-point scale.
The results can be defined the following:
If the respondent gets 0-5 points - absence of clinically significant symptoms of OCD.
6-15 points - presence of subclinical obsessive-compulsive features.
16-30 points - moderately severe OCD, requiring psychocorrection work.
31 or more points - high severity of symptoms, need for specialized psychiatric care.
The methodology is intended for use in schools, psychological counseling centers and clinics
for the early diagnosis and prevention of OCD in adolescents. It can be used in conjunction with
clinical interviews and neuropsychological tests.
In conclusion we can say the developed method allows for the effective diagnosis of
obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents, the analysis of its manifestations and the
development of individual correction strategies. Diagnosing obsessive – compulsive disorder at
the beginning is important because it can cause more terrifying results in the future. The right
chosen method and treatment can help to stop problematic symptoms.
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