Volume 03 Issue 08-2023
38
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
08
Pages:
38-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In the beneficial use of the heat of the internal combustion engine of drilling equipment has great scientific and
practical importance.
The article presents a heat exchange device for the beneficial use of thermal energy, which occurs during operation
of an engine with an internal combustion chamber of a diesel power plant used in drilling operations and experimental
studies to increase the efficiency of work using a thermoelectric generator.
KEYWORDS
Diesel power plant, heat, thermal energy, internal combustion engine, fuel energy, energy losses, drilling, heat
consumption, energy losses.
INTRODUCTION
Tests were carried out to determine the operability and
efficiency of the device for utilizing the heat of the
internal combustion engine of the developed drilling
equipment, as well as the values of the electrical and
heat flows generated in it.
The first stage of the experiments was carried out
during industrial production at the DES-100.1 diesel
power plant with a nominal power of 100 kW. During
the experiments, it was found that the heat released in
the radiator of the cooling system of the internal
combustion engine of a diesel power plant can be
Research Article
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF A DEVICE FOR USEFUL HEAT
UTILIZATION OF DRILLING EQUIPMENT INTERNAL COMBUSTION
ENGINE
Submission Date:
August 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
August 25, 2023,
Published Date:
August 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajast/Volume03Issue08-07
Juraev R.U.
DSc.prof., Navoi State Mining and Technological University, Navoi, Uzbekistan
Raikhanov Sh.Z.
Almalyk branch of the Tashkent State Technical University, Almalyk, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajast
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 08-2023
39
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
08
Pages:
38-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
usefully used with the help of a heat exchanger, that
the heat generated in the radiator depends on the load
applied to the engine and the magnitude of heat flows.
The following tools and equipment were used in the
experimental work:
-
diesel power station;
-
cooling radiator;
-
fan (2 pcs.);
-
heat exchanger;
-
water heater for loading the engine;
-
airflow direction pipes;
-
animometer to measure the speed of the air flow;
-
thermometer to measure temperature.
The schematic view of the experimental equipment is presented in Fig. 1.
1-internal combustion engine, 2-cooling radiator, 3-generator, 4- and 6-fans, 5-heat exchanger, 7-water heater, T1, T2 -
points for measuring the temperature of the inlet and outlet air flow to the heat exchanger. (
℃
) , G-point for
measuring the air flow rate at the outlet of the heat exchanger (kg/s).
Figure 1. Schematic view of the experimental device.
The experiments were carried out in the following
order: after starting the internal combustion engine
(2), a water heater (7) with a rated power of 50 kW was
connected to the generator (3). The fan (4) was
installed outside the radiator (2) and connected to the
Volume 03 Issue 08-2023
40
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
08
Pages:
38-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
heat exchanger (5) by an air duct. The heat exchanger
(5) was cooled by a fan (6).
After the internal combustion engine reached
its nominal operating mode, a load of 10 kW was
supplied to it using a water heater, and the hot air flow
was transferred from the fan (4) to the heat exchanger
(5). The coolant was supplied to the heat exchanger
from the fan (6) and the air flow rate and temperature
were measured at the outlet of the heat exchanger. In
the course of experimental work, the temperature and
air flow were recorded at engine loads of 10, 20, 30, 40,
and 50 kW. The air flow directed from the radiator to
the heat exchanger is 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 and 0.9 kg/s, the air
flow was provided by changing the fan speed.
The air flow in the heat exchanger was determined
from the air flow, and the temperature of the incoming
and outgoing air was measured using a two-channel
thermometer.
The air flow rate from the engine radiator, as well as
the flow rate of air entering and exiting the heat
exchanger, were determined by knowing the pipe
diameter and air flow rate using the following
expression 1.
G=v
x
∙
𝜋𝑑
𝑥
2
4
∙ 𝜌
𝑥
,
kg/s;
(1)
where, v
x
is the speed of air flow, m/c;
d
x
–
pipe diameter, m;
ρ
x
- air density, kg/m
3
.
We determined the power of the heat flow using the following 2nd expression.
Q=s
x
∙
G(t
1
-t
2
), Vt;
(2)
where, s
x
–
heat capacity of air; J
/kg∙°S;
G
–
air consumption, kg/c;
t
2
–
heated air temperature,
℃
;
s
x
–
heat capacity of air, J/(kg
∙
grad);
t
1
–
temperature of the air entering the heat exchanger,
℃
.
As a result of the analysis of experimental work, the dependence of the power of the heat flow coming out of the
heat exchanger (Q), the air flow (G) at different loads (N) to the engine, this dependence is presented in a graphic
form in Fig. 2.
Volume 03 Issue 08-2023
41
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
08
Pages:
38-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Figure 2. The graph of the dependence of the power of the heat flow (Q) on the heat exchanger and the
consumption of the air flow (G) at different loads.
An analysis of the results of experimental work shows
that when the internal combustion engine is running in
a cold state, the heat release from the radiator of its
cooling system is less, that is, when the hot air flow is
directed from the radiator to the heat exchanger, the
secondary air coolant flow rate is 0.3 kg/s, the heat
flow rate is , used in the heat exchanger, was 8.82 kW,
with an increase in the flow rate of the secondary heat
carrier air to 0.9 kg / s, it was 19 kW. By increasing the
consumption of secondary heat-carrying air, it is
possible to increase the power of the utilized heat
flow.
As a result of increasing the loads applied to the
engine, it is possible to increase the power of the heat
flow from the heat exchanger. At an engine load of 50
kW, the secondary air-coolant consumption was 0.3
kg/s, the power of the heat flow used in the heat
exchanger was 14.8 kW, with the secondary air-coolant
consumption increased to 0.9 kg/s, it was 35 kW.
As can be seen from the results of the above
experimental work, by increasing the load applied to
the engine, it is possible to increase the power of the
heat flow from the heat exchanger. But, on the other
hand, as a result of an increase in loads, an increase in
fuel consumption also occurs, and this aspect must be
taken into account when designing or using heat
recovery devices.
The second stage of experimental work was the
installation of a thermoelectric generator set in the
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
N
, кВ
т.
G, кг/сек.
К=0
К=10
К=20
К=30
К=40
К=50
Volume 03 Issue 08-2023
42
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
08
Pages:
38-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
engine exhaust pipe, its performance, electric current
that can be obtained from a thermoelectric generator
set, and hot water that can be used for technological
and domestic needs. The need for a heat removal
device was carried out in order to study the possibility
of obtaining it.
During the experimental work, the following tools and
equipment were used: an internal combustion engine
(2 kW), a lamp block (2 kW), 36 thermoelectric
generators, a heat exchanger, a water pump, a
thermometer (UNI-T), an animometer, and a balance. .
A schematic view of the experimental setup is shown
in fig. 3.
1-internal combustion engine, 2-fuel tank, 3-thermoelectric generator unit, 4-heat exchanger, 5,6-pump, 7-lamp unit
for creating a load on the engine, Tg1-engine exhaust gas temperature, Tg2- the temperature of the flue gas supplied
to the heat exchanger, Gg -flue gas consumption, Ts1-the temperature of the water leaving the pump,
Ts2, Ts3- the temperature of the water leaving the thermoelectric generator unit and heat exchanger, , Ms1, Ms2- the
consumption of water leaving the thermoelectric generator unit and the heat exchanger, R - the point of measuring
the output power of the thermoelectric generator, D - measuring the fuel consumption point, the load applied to the
N-engine.
Figure 3. Schematic view of the experimental device.
Volume 03 Issue 08-2023
43
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
08
Pages:
38-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The experimental device was used in the following
order, a block of lamps (7) was connected to the motor
(1) to create a load, the block of lamps allowed to
increase the load from 0 to 2000 Watts, from 500
Watts. To measure the fuel consumption of the engine,
the fuel tank (2) is separately removed and mounted
on the scale. The thermoelectric generator unit (3) is
connected to the exhaust pipe of the engine, the
thermoelectric generator unit is connected to the heat
exchanger (4) on the other side, cold water is supplied
from the pump (5) to cool the thermoelectric
generator unit and the heat exchanger.
When the engine is running, the temperature of the
flue gases leaving it (Tg1), the flow rate (Gg) and the
temperature of the flue gases at the inlet and outlet of
the heat exchanger from the thermoelectric generator
(Tg2) and (Tg3) are measured; heat exchanger outlet
water temperature (Ts2), flow rate of outlet water
from the thermoelectric generator set and heat
exchanger (Ms) and the amount of electrical energy
output of the thermoelectric generator (R) is recorded.
During the experimental work, all the indicators were
recorded by giving the engine loads of 0, 500, 1000,
1500 and 2000 Watts.
To cool the thermoelectric power plant, water with a
temperature of 20
℃
and a volume of 0.12 l/s was
pumped through the pump (5). The diameter of the
water inlet pipe to the heat exchanger (4) was 20 mm,
the diameter of the outlet pipe was 8 mm. The
difference in the diameters of the inlet and outlet pipes
ensures a decrease in the rate of water circulation into
the heat exchanger, that is, it improves the process of
temperature exchange of heat carriers.
Experimental tests of the device for utilizing the heat
of an internal combustion engine made it possible to
obtain the following results:
- the temperature of the flue gases leaving the engine
(Tg1) depends on the load (N) applied to the engine;
- dependence of engine fuel consumption (D) on
engine load (N);
- consumption of exhaust gases of the engine (Gg)
depends on the engine load (N);
- water temperature at the outlet of the heat
exchanger (Ts3), that is, the dependence of the
secondary heat carrier on the load (N) given to the
engine when C1=const;
- dependence of the output power of the electric
current (R) of the thermoelectric generator on the load
(N) applied to the engine;
The dependence of the temperature of the exhaust
gases of the engine (Tg1) on the load (N) applied to the
engine is graphically presented in fig. 4.
Volume 03 Issue 08-2023
44
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
08
Pages:
38-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Figure 4. The dependence of the temperature of exhaust gases from the engine (Tg1) on the load (N) applied to
the engine.
As can be seen from the graph above, when the engine
is running without load, the flue gas temperature is 174
°C, at a load of 500 W - 197 °C, and with an increase in
load by 500 W, the flue gas temperature increases by
an average of 35 °C.
In order to determine the efficiency of the heat
recovery device for the internal combustion engine of
the developed drilling equipment, a comparison was
made of the equipment efficiency with and without the
use of a heat recovery device.
The efficiency of the diesel power plant of the drilling
equipment is determined.
𝜂 =
𝑁
𝑄
;
(4)
where, N is the load of the generator (kW), Q is the heat flow released as a result of fuel combustion (kW).
The heat flow released as a result of fuel combustion depends on fuel consumption and its combustion heat.
𝑄 =
𝑄
𝑝
𝐻
𝐷
3600
;
(5)
where,
𝑄
𝑝
𝐻
- lower combustion heat of fuel, (for gasoline
𝑄
𝑝
𝐻
= 44500
kJ/kg).
150
170
190
210
230
250
270
290
310
0
500
1000
1500
2000
Tg1
, (
℃
).
Q, (
Вт).
Volume 03 Issue 08-2023
45
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
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2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
08
Pages:
38-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
When using the device for useful disposal of the heat of the internal combustion engine of the developed
drilling equipment, the useful work coefficient is determined.
𝜂 =
𝑁+𝑅+𝑄
𝑢𝑡
𝑄
;
(6)
where,
𝑄
𝑢𝑡
- utilized heat flow (kVt), R
–
the power of the electric current generated in the thermoelectric generator.
(kVt).
The heat flow of the exhaust gases of the engine in the heat exchanger is determined as follows
𝑄
𝑢𝑡
= 𝐺
𝑔
∙ 𝐶
𝑔
(𝑇
𝑔2
− 𝑇
𝑔3
)
, kVt;
(7)
where,
𝐶
𝑔
- heat capacity of flue gases (kJ
/kg∙
℃
),
𝑇
𝑔2
and
𝑇
𝑔3
–
temperature of flue gases at the inlet and outlet of the
heat exchanger (
℃
).
The useful efficiency of diesel power plants is
determined by the part of the thermal energy
generated in their engines that is converted into useful
mechanical energy, and then into electrical energy.
For example, when the engine was loaded with 1000
Watts
during
the
experiments,
the
power
consumption was 0.72 kg/h, the heat flow from the
engine was 30.24 MJ/kg, and only 35% was used to get
electricity through the generator, and the rest is
released into the atmosphere.
When using a heat recovery device connected to the
engine, at a load of 1000 Watts, the fuel consumption
was 0.78 kg/h, (the increase in fuel consumption is
explained by the resistance in the flue gas pipe), and
the heat flow separated from the engine was 32.76
MJ/kg, 44% of this released heat is usefully recovered.
Figure 10 shows the dependence of the efficiency (η)
of the diesel power plant of the drilling equipment on
the load (R) applied to the engine.
0
10
20
30
40
50
0
500
1000
1500
2000
η, (
FIK
)
N (Вт).
a
b
Volume 03 Issue 08-2023
46
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
08
Pages:
38-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
a - when heat is not utilized, b - when heat is utilized.
Figure 5. Graph of the dependence of the efficiency (η) of the diesel power plant of drilling equipment on the load
(N) applied to the engine.
An analysis of the results of experimental work shows
that the efficiency of the internal combustion engine of
a diesel power plant of drilling equipment is actually 30-
35% (Fig. 5). It has been established that this figure can
be increased to 44% when using the proposed heat
recovery device.
The efficiency of the engine is increased by recovering
secondary energy resources in the form of heat
released into the atmosphere.
In the graph shown in Figure 5, curve b shows the
change in engine efficiency when using a heat recovery
device. As can be seen from the graph, the load
efficiency (H) increases from 0 to 1000 watts, we can
observe a decrease at loads of 1500 and a maximum of
2000 watts. This situation can be explained as follows:
at high loads, the flow and consumption of flue gases
increase, but the heat exchange process in the heat
exchanger does not have time to fully utilize this heat,
which leads to energy losses. In addition, the reason is
also the low efficiency of thermoelectric generators
used in the proposed device.
Thus, it has been established that our proposed device
for the useful recovery of heat from a diesel power
plant of drilling equipment will have a high efficiency
when using an engine with a load in the range of 50-
75%.
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American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
08
Pages:
38-47
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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