Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
1
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
01-08
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article analyzes the problems of using thickening polymer compositions in the textile industry for stuffing cotton
fabric with active dyes. Particular attention is paid to the determination of the structural and mechanical properties
of thickening polymer systems. The physico-mechanical and color properties of printed fabrics printed with active
dyes are determined. And also the influence of various factors on the physicochemical properties of polymer systems
based on starch, Na-СMC and sericin was studied and the optimal compositions of the components that make up the
thickeners were determined.
KEYWORDS
Polymer compositions, dye, fabric, serecin, component, viscosity.
Research Article
STUDY OF THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A POLYMER
COMPOSITION
Submission Date:
August 20, 2022,
Accepted Date:
September 01, 2022,
Published Date:
September 12, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajast/Volume02Issue09-01
Boboev J.O.
Bukhara Engineering-Technological Institute, Uzbekistan
Fozilov S.F.
Bukhara Engineering-Technological Institute, Uzbekistan
Majidov A.A.
Bukhara Engineering-Technological Institute, Uzbekistan
Fozilov H.S.
Bukhara Engineering-Technological Institute, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajast
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
2
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
01-08
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
INTRODUCTION
Despite significant achievements in the field of refining
cotton fiber fabrics, progress in this area is far from
being exhausted. Therefore, the development of
effective water-soluble compositions based on local
raw materials, suitable both for yarn sizing and as a
thickener in the process of printing fabrics, is a very
urgent task.
The viscosity of thickeners is one of the main
characteristics of the system, since it should be within
the optimal value, which ensures the formation of a
protective film with dyes on the surface of the fabric,
which gives it strength and complete transfer of the
dye to the fabric [1].
The viscosity of the studied systems was measured at
certain shear rate gradients, namely, at a magnification
of 8000 times, i.e. from 4·10
–1
to 3,122·10
3
s
–1
. The
conditional structure index (PS) was calculated using
the formula
PS con
.
= (
1
/
2
) - 1 ,
where η 1 is the viscosity at έ = 0.4 s
-1
, η 2 is the viscosity
at έ = 3.122·10
3
s
-1
. PScond values for the studied compositions are
presented in Table 1.
As follows from the data obtained, the compositions
included in the first group are characterized by
significantly lower values of PScond (no more than
100) compared with the thickeners of the second
group, for which PScond is 200-300 or more.
Therefore, we can conclude that the first group of
compositions is characterized by a relatively lower loss
of viscosity in the process of mechanical destruction.
This should provide more stability when dealing with
thickeners on the press. Obviously, the Newtonian
nature of the flow of such a thickening makes it of high
quality. Therefore, it must be assumed that Na-CMC in
the composition of the polymer composition is more
effective than other thickeners.
Table 1
Conditional indicators of the structure of the polymer composition
Compositions
Concentra
tion,
%
Viscosity at ε
= 0.4 s-1, ή1
Viscosity at ε =
3,122 · 103 s –1,
ή2
Index of
structure,
PSusl
Na-CMC
9
183,8
2,47
72,85
Alginate sodium
8,0
219,4
6,56
32,70
Starch
7,05
29,9
8,74
3,83
Starch
12
1114,0
3,17
353,7
Manutex
2,5
441,4
1,83
247,6
Half print
14
366,4
1,78
226,9
Imprint
16
872,4
3,86
214,7
Table 2 shows the data on the heat of activation of the
viscous flow of solutions of the polymer composition
and Na-CMC, as well as the approximate
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
3
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
01-08
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
values of the relaxation time for these systems. It can
be seen (Table 2) that the value of ∆Нvis for Na-CMC
solution is almost 2-2.5 times greater than for the
composition. For the latter, it is equal to 4-5 kcal/mol
and expresses the heat of activation due to the
formation of less strong fluctuation networks.
The obtained experimental data allow us to conclude
that the less pronounced anomaly in the viscosity of
the composition based on the carbon chain polymer of
the hydrolyzed acrylic emulsion is due to weaker
intermolecular interaction, smaller segment size, and
greater chain flexibility compared to the Na-CMC polar
heterochain polymer. As a consequence of this, the
composition of starch, sericin and Na-CMC is
characterized by lower values of ∆Hbind, relaxation
time and the lowest value of the structure index
PScond = 3.83.
Table 2
Change in the Heat of Activation of Viscous Flow and Relaxation Time of Na-CMC Solutions and Polymer
Composition
Composition
composition
Temperature
, T, K
Tem
pe
ratu
re,
1
/T
•
10
3,T
O
Lgή to lg
Р=2,00
Heat of
activation
(∆Nyaz),
kcal / mol
Relaxatio
n time th
(s)
Na-CMC
293
3,413
2,2490
9,7
3,2
313
3,195
1,7360
333
3,003
1,4120
HAE starch
293
3,413
1,5430
6,4
2,6·10
-2
313
3,195
1,4620
333
3,003
1,2440
Starch PAA
293
3,413
1,4870
6,9
2,8·10
-2
313
3,195
1,3210
333
3,003
1,1160
Starch HAE + PAA
293
3,413
1,5630
5,3
2,3·10
-2
313
3,195
1,4920
333
3,003
1,3111
HAE + PAA + Na-
CMC starch
293
3,413
1,6420
4,7
1,9·10
-2
313
3,195
1,5170
333
3,003
1,3840
Studies have shown that when studying the
dependence of the yield strength (Pm) of a water-
soluble polymer composition, very positive results are
obtained for thickeners based on a mixture of sericin,
starch and Na-CMC. These data are presented in
Figures 1, 2. A smooth course and the absence of
minima on the curves of the dependence of Pm on the
composition of the composition are visible, which
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
4
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
01-08
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
indicates good compatibility of thickeners, regardless
of both their ratios in the mixture (cr.1), and additives
and printing ink components ( cr.2). The presence of
good compatibility is also confirmed by the high
stability of the obtained mixtures [2].
The research results indicate that, according to the
nature of the rheological curves, starch paste without
sericin and PAA can be attributed to elastic-brittle or
elastic-brittle solid-like systems, for the description of
the structural and mechanical properties of which such
characteristics as the modulus of elasticity and
viscosity of the elastic effect are used [3].
Fig. 3.8. The dependence of the yield strength of
the composition on the concentration of HAE
and thickening based on: 1 - starch + CMC + HAE;
2 - starch - PAA + HAE; 3 - starch - PAA + CMC +
HAE
Fig. 3.9. The dependence of the plastic strength
Pm of the internal structure of the polymer
composition on the concentration of HAE and
thickeners based on: 1 - starch + CMC + HAE; 2 -
starch + PAA + HAE; 3 - starch + PAA + CMC +
HAE
It follows from the flow curves of 6% starch pastes and
polymer composition that when CMC and sericin are
introduced into the composition, the elastic-viscous
solid-like system of 6% starch paste is transformed into
an elastic-plastic system [4]. In addition, it was noted
that the higher the content of CMC and sericin in the
system, the more pronounced the plastic properties of
the system are [5].
From the data obtained (table 3.) shows that the
viscosity of the resulting composition with the same
concentration of starch is relatively high. If at 293K the
viscosity of a 4% starch solution reaches 14.516 Pa.s,
then the viscosity of the same solution with the
addition of Na-CMC and sericin with a concentration of
3.0 and 0.3%, respectively, relative to the weight of
starch will be 24.721 Pa.s. The viscosity of the solution
is 41.064 Pa.s if the concentration of non-starch is
brought to 6%. The viscosity of the system rises to
62.787 Pa.s if the starch is modified with Na-CMC and
sericin (the concentration of modifiers is 3.0 and 0.3%
of the starch weight, respectively), in In this case, the
viscosity of the system will be 1.5 times higher than the
initial one [6]. Based on this, it can be said that the
functional groups of the initial components interact
due to van der Waals forces, which indicates the
modification of starch hydroxyl groups [7]. It should
also be emphasized that the addition of modifiers to
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
5
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
01-08
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
the system not only increases its viscosity, but also
leads to an increase in the degree of thixotropic
reduction, which subsequently reduces the yield
strength of the thickener. If the starch concentration
reaches 5.0% then the degree of thixotropic reduction
is 84.2% and the yield strength is 39.14 g/cm2, at the
same starch concentration, if modified, then the values
will change as follows 97.6% and 34. 23 g/cm2,
respectively.
Important factors that determine the technological
properties of the thickener and its quality are the
chemical nature, structure, and complex of chemical
properties of the ingredients of thickening systems. In
addition, the thickener must have high elasticity, have
sufficient viscosity at a low concentration of thickening
components and high wetting ability of the fibrous
material, be stable during storage and use, and also
have good biodegradability in washing and finishing
[8].
Table 3
Change in the rheological properties of the developed composition depending on the concentration of starch,
CMC and sericin
The
concentration
of starch in
the thickener,
%
The concentration of
modifiers,% by weight of
starch
η, Pа·с
(Т=293К)
The degree of
thixo-tropic
restoration,%
Yield
strength,
Pm, g/sm
2
The degree
of starch
depletion,%
Na-CMC
Sericin
4
-
-
14.516
80,4
41,36
-
5
-
-
23.543
84,2
39,14
-
6
-
-
41.064
93,3
25,40
-
4
2,0
-
16.730
83,7
40,23
63,0
3,0
-
18.145
86,4
37,14
67,5
4,0
-
21.283
95,2
33,26
72,3
-
0,1
15.264
82,3
40,78
56,4
-
0,2
17.846
85,1
38,19
58,6
-
0,3
18.935
94,4
35,27
64,0
3,0
0,3
24.721
96,7
30,41
75,7
5
2,0
-
26.434
86,8
38,76
60,4
3,0
-
28.743
88,7
35,28
62,3
4,0
-
32.672
96,1
31,08
64,7
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
6
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
01-08
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
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Servi
-
0,1
25.126
84,2
38,56
53,4
-
0,2
27.447
86,3
36,15
54,2
-
0,3
29.165
95,1
33,47
58,1
3,0
0,3
35.284
97,6
34,23
75,6
6
2,0
-
47.182
88,4
25,11
57,8
3,0
-
51.723
91,5
23,64
59,7
4,0
-
55.641
97,6
20,78
63,4
-
0,1
31.142
85,3
26,24
52,1
-
0,2
34.284
87,8
25,18
53,6
-
0,3
40.166
96,2
22,34
55,4
3,0
0,3
62.787
98,7
19,26
73,2
Good stability is characterized by porous structures of
"alkaline" viscous compositions, which contain as
natural starch and synthetic polymers Na-CMC and
sericin. The stability of such compositions prepared
from polymer solutions of various concentrations was
evaluated by the viscosity of the systems immediately
after preparation and after exposure for a day.
Corresponding dependencies are shown in fig. 3 (a, b).
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
7
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
01-08
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Rice. Fig. 3. Dependence of the viscosity of gel-like thickeners on the concentration of the components of the
thickening ingredients and the exposure time
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Vis
co
siti
,
P
а∙с
The concentration of polymer, %
1) Na-CMC and sericin
2) Starch
3) Starch-sericin
4) Starch-Na-CMC
5) Starch-Na-CMC-sericin
Volume 02 Issue 09-2022
8
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
09
Pages:
01-08
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Thickener based on: 1. Na-CMC and sericin; 2. Starch; 3.
Starch-sericin; 4. Starch - Na-CMC; 5. Starch-Na-CMC-
sericin
a) Freshly prepared system;
b) Viscous system after 24 hours of exposure
It can be seen from the graphs that the most
preferable is the use of viscous systems based on
starch, Na-CMC and sericin (Fig. 3. curve 1), moreover,
the compositions of starch, Na-CMC and sericin have
the necessary dynamic viscosity (308 Pa ·c) at a starch
concentration of 5.0%, Na-CMC-3.0% and sericin 0.3%,
and after keeping the composition for a day, it
decreases to 136 Pa·s. The possibility of preparing
thickening three-component compositions from
starch, Na-CMC and sericin is not excluded and the
most effective are low-concentrated systems based on
starch, Na-CMC and sericin and at 5.0; 2.0 and 0.3%,
respectively [9].
It was found that the introduction of starch and
polymers such as Na-CMC and sericin into the
composition of the thickener of printing inks leads to
the formation of a film with increased elasticity and
fluidity.
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Mazhidov A.A. Study of the dependence of the
rheological properties of thickeners based on a
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2008. № 3. –С. 14-
17. (02.00.00; № 4).
2.
Mazhidov A.A., Yariev O.O., Amonov M.R.
Rheological properties of aqueous solutions of
the polymer composition and their influence on
the thickening effect. Journal. Scientific Bulletin of
the Bukhara State. university.
2008. -№ 2. – Б. 41-
45.
3.
Mazhidov A.A., Ibragimova F.B. Amonov M.R.
Eshonkulova D.I. Study of the effect of polymer
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Fanining Dolzarb Muammolari” VI Republic of
Ilmiy-Amaliy Anjumani. Termiz siti., 2020.– B. 359-
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Mazhidov A.A., Karshieva D.R., Ochilova N.R.
Physical and chemical properties of printed cotton
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with carboxymethyl cellulose and a series of
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Mazhidov A.A., Amonov M.R., Ochilova N.R.,
Ibragimova F.B. Physical and chemical bases of
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No. 4).
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Kalugina M.S., Mikhailovskaya A.P., Zaborski M.,
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Majidov A.A., Ismatova R.A., Amonov M.R.
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Mazhidov A.A., Amonov M.R., Eshonkulova D.I.
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