Vol. 5 No. 07 (2025)

This article explores the concept of military patriotism as a vital component in the education and moral upbringing of youth within the context of national development and security. It emphasizes the multifaceted nature of military patriotism, which extends beyond military service to include the cultivation of national consciousness, respect for historical heritage, and readiness to safeguard the homeland. The study argues that in the age of globalization and increasing ideological threats, fostering military-patriotic values is critical for strengthening the ideological immunity and civic responsibility of the younger generation. The paper outlines the roles of educational institutions, families, media, and civic organizations in promoting these values, and proposes practical strategies for integrating military patriotism into educational and social frameworks. By instilling such values, society can ensure the emergence of a loyal, disciplined, and resilient generation capable of contributing to national defense and development.  

This article presents observations on the analysis, classification, and linguistic foundations of onomastic units in folk literature, as well as field research and sources.  

This article discovers the impact of diverse approaches to teaching and learning English for Academic Purposes (EAP). It focuses on the combination of corpus-based approaches, systematic functional linguistic approaches and needs analysis.  

Linguoculturology is a scientific field that studies the interrelation between language and culture through research and theoretical frameworks. This discipline aims to consider cultural contexts in the process of language learning and to analyze the interactions and exchanges between different languages and cultures. Linguoculturology explores the dialectical connection between language and culture, their influence on societal development, and identifies cultural values expressed through language.  

This article investigates the Political taboos during the Soviet colonial regime that was governed by Russians in Uzbekistan, and how the government managed the tabooed literature and its translation. Abdullah Kadiri’s “O‘tkan kunlar”(“Bygone Days”) was chosen as the main example and research object.  

Violence against women (VAW) remains a pervasive global issue, with significant socio-economic and public health implications. In India, recognizing the multifaceted needs of women affected by violence, the government launched the One Stop Centre (OSC) Scheme under the Nirbhaya Fund. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the OSC Scheme, examining its operational framework, achievements, and persistent challenges in providing integrated support services to survivors. Drawing upon a review of existing literature, policy documents, and news reports, the study highlights the scheme's pivotal role in offering immediate medical, police, legal, and psycho-social aid, along with temporary shelter, under a single roof. While the OSCs represent a crucial step towards survivor empowerment and a coordinated response to VAW, challenges related to funding utilization, infrastructure, staffing, and inter-agency coordination continue to impede their full potential. The analysis suggests that despite commendable efforts, sustained commitment, enhanced resource allocation, improved operational efficiency, and increased public awareness are imperative to fully realize the scheme's objectives and ensure comprehensive support for all women survivors across India.

This article explores the dynamics of spiritual crisis and revival among contemporary youth by examining the influence of Eastern and Western cultural paradigms. In the context of globalization and rapid technological advancement, young people often face identity confusion, cultural dissonance, and value instability. This study analyzes how the traditional values of Eastern spirituality—such as collectivism, harmony, and moral discipline—interact with the individualism, rationalism, and secularism of Western thought. Drawing on sociological surveys, philosophical discourse, and comparative cultural studies, the article investigates the roots of spiritual decline and the mechanisms through which cultural synthesis can foster a revival of moral consciousness in youth. The findings suggest that a balanced integration of Eastern and Western paradigms can contribute to the development of a more stable, ethically grounded, and culturally aware generation. This research has implications for educational systems, cultural policy, and youth engagement strategies across diverse societies.  

In the digital era, the overreliance on virtual environments—such as social media, online gaming, and digital communication platforms—has triggered a range of psychological disturbances, particularly among youth. This article explores the deepening psychological effects of excessive virtual engagement, including emotional isolation, cognitive dissonance, social withdrawal, and identity diffusion, commonly observed in what is now described as the Modern Mowgli Syndrome. Drawing on interdisciplinary research from psychology, neuroscience, and media studies, the study identifies the behavioral symptoms and cognitive impairments associated with digital overuse. Furthermore, it proposes multi-level strategies for prevention and intervention, incorporating psychoeducational programs, digital hygiene policies, and family-centered cognitive-behavioral therapies. The article emphasizes the importance of digital resilience and conscious media consumption in preserving mental health and social connectedness among young individuals. Findings underscore the urgent need for policy-makers, educators, and mental health professionals to collaboratively address this emerging digital-era syndrome.

This paper examines the linguoculturological and linguopragmatic peculiarities of gender role formation in children’s speech in Uzbek and English, focusing on the intersection of language, culture, and communicative intent. Drawing on the theoretical basis outlined in Shokirova Dilorom’s dissertation, this study identifies and compares how cultural norms and pragmatic strategies shape children's use of language according to gender. The research highlights that gender-specific discourse emerges early in children’s communication and is reinforced through linguistic input, narrative structures, and culturally encoded expectations. Methodologically, the study employs discourse analysis of folklore, literary texts, and children’s everyday dialogues to trace patterns of gendered language. It also incorporates pragmatic theory (Grice’s maxims, speech act theory) and cultural-linguistic frameworks (Wierzbicka, Lakoff, Vezhbitskaya). Findings indicate that Uzbek child discourse tends to preserve more rigid gender distinctions, particularly in cultural metaphors, role-based expressions, and politeness strategies, while English child discourse reveals more egalitarian tendencies, especially in directive speech acts and humor use. Pragmatically, boys and girls differ in how they construct conversational implicatures, assert power, or signal cooperation—shaped by cultural ideals of masculinity and femininity. The article concludes that both linguocultural and pragmatic mechanisms contribute to the early reproduction of gender roles, reinforcing social norms through language. The findings have implications for cross-cultural pragmatics, child language acquisition, and gender studies in linguistics.

This article is dedicated to the poetic analysis of select ghazals created in Uzbek literature during the second half of the 20th century. It reveals the significance of ilmi badi' (the science of rhetoric) within the ilmhoyi segona - the triad of sciences, which forms the foundation of classical Eastern poetics - in the development of the period’s ghazal. Alongside traditional poetic devices such as tashbih, talmih, tashxis, tazod (including mutobaqa, tiboq, tatbiq, taqofu), husni ta'lil, irsoli masal, iyhom (tahyil, tavriya), tajnis, tanosub (muroat un-nazir, tavfiq, iytilof, talfiq), and ishtiqoq, the article separately analyzes artistic devices like kalomi jomi', izdivoj, ibhom, ittifoq, and radd, which are widely used in poetry but have received little scholarly attention. The extent to which these devices are employed in the ghazals has been determined, revealing that some ghazals are constructed on the basis of a specific poetic device from the matla (opening couplet) to the maqta (closing couplet). Through the examination of these ghazals, the article ascertains the degree to which the poets adhered to the traditions of their predecessors and highlights their innovative contributions.  

This article discusses the theoretical and practical aspects of the relationship between academic procrastination and metacognitive processes. The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship between the level of development of metacognitive processes in students and the level of academic procrastination, as well as to analyze ethnocultural characteristics. The article presents scientific approaches to the essence of the phenomenon of academic procrastination, its psychological determinants, as well as the role of metacognitive processes in academic activity. The empirical part of the study was conducted with the participation of students from Russia and Uzbekistan, in which the relationship between procrastination and metacognitive indicators is analyzed based on psychodiagnostic methods. The results showed that students with a low level of metacognitive regulation tend to have a high level of procrastination.  

The article analyzes the historical evolution of the concepts of gender and gender equality, as well as their significance in modern society. It examines the distinction between gender and biological sex, the various interpretations of gender equality, and the impact of gender stereotypes on society. The aim of the article is to identify the main trends and prospects for ensuring gender equality.  

The study of stratagems has deep historical roots, extending from ancient Eastern and Western civilizations to contemporary philosophical thought. This paper explores the origins and interpretations of the philosophy of stratagems, tracing their development from classical sources such as Sun Tzu’s The Art of War, Laozi’s Dao De Jing, and the Chinese treatise 36 Stratagems, to Islamic intellectual traditions, including Nizam al-Mulk’s Siyāsatnāma and Amir Temur’s Temur Tuzuklari. Special attention is given to the influence of stratagems on governance, military affairs, and socio-political strategies in both Eastern and Western contexts. The works of Aristotle, Plato, and later Machiavelli’s The Prince are analyzed to demonstrate how stratagems became embedded in Western political philosophy. The study also highlights the contributions of modern scholars such as Harro von Senger and Robert Greene, who systematized stratagem theory for contemporary global discourse. Ultimately, the research reveals that stratagems are not only military or political instruments but also universal cultural phenomena shaping human interaction, governance, and global relations.  

This article describes the design and development of an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) course for eight Indian telecommunications engineers working for a global medical diagnostics company. These professionals, who have pre-intermediate English competence, require better language abilities for effective technical communication in foreign settings. The course, which follows a problem-based learning (PBL) approach, incorporates authentic problems, targeted vocabulary education, and interactive assessments to help participants improve their communication skills in their professional domain. Based on relevant ESP literature, this paper examines requirements analysis processes, course design reasoning, evaluation strategies, and the incorporation of real-world materials, demonstrating how theory and practice meet in a highly contextualized ESP setting.  

In this article, the formation of a fire safety culture among the youth of Uzbekistan is a very important task, because it not only helps to protect the lives of young people, but also helps to educate them as responsible and conscious citizens. Social and philosophical factors are of great importance in this process.  

Various forms of individual activity are increasingly becoming the subject of psychological analysis. One of these forms is locus of control, which is characterized as a stable personal trait reflecting the individual's tendency to explain the causes of events by external or internal factors. The problem of determining locus of control is considered, the concept of locus of control itself is considered and its features are analyzed.  

This scientific article discusses the verses describing Khosrow Dehlavi found in the sixth chapter of the poem "Farhod and Shirin", which occupies a significant part of Alisher Navoi’s creative legacy. Special emphasis is placed on the literary device talmeh, which serves as an important tool in revealing the meaning and essence of these verses. In order to clarify philosophical and social issues and to delve deeper into the discussed topic, the poet skillfully refers to historical figures and legendary birds.  

Auditing has become a cornerstone of modern oversight, necessitating the continuous advancement of practices within public sector institutions. One key development is the adoption of electronic accounting, which offers speed, accuracy, and efficiency, significantly enhancing the auditing process. For auditors, electronic accounting is especially valuable, as it leads to higher-quality results and enables real-time, precise reporting. Internal auditors play a critical role in public institutions, and the shift to electronic systems allows auditing, examination, and accountability procedures to be conducted digitally. Moreover, by leveraging advanced technologies, institutions can improve service delivery to beneficiaries with greater efficiency and effectiveness.

This article presents a socio-philosophical analysis of the concept of youth, the development of artistic creativity among young people, and their upbringing in the spirit of the idea of independence. It examines the state policy on youth, its legal foundations, and stages of improvement as a systematic and law-governed process. The article also highlights the factors influencing the upbringing of youth in the spirit of independence and the role and significance of developing artistic creativity in young people within the life of society.  

The principal activities of the Turkestan Jadids are most evidently expressed through their publications in the press. In addition to addressing social and economic matters, they also discussed engineering and technological developments in detail. International events consistently captured their attention as well. The Jadids advocated for renewal and modernization across all sectors of society and actively sought to implement these ideas in practice.  

This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of presumptions and their role in criminal evidence by examining their impact on criminal cases as one of the forms of evidence and the extent to which the criminal judge has the freedom to accept them as indirect evidence. Given that the rules of evidence are of paramount importance in all branches of law, and a right without supporting evidence is null and void, evidence is what supports the right and makes it prevail. Presumptions enjoy this importance as a means of proof stipulated by the legislature and adopted by the judiciary and jurisprudence.

Presumptions play an important, vital, and effective role in the field of criminal evidence, as original, complementary, or reinforcing evidence, no less important than other forms of evidence. This is especially true given that they have become the most widely used method in criminal justice in our current era, given scientific and technological progress in all fields, especially after criminals resorted to the use of the most accurate modern scientific methods to commit their crimes without leaving traces of their perpetrators. Judicial presumption also plays an important and influential role in determining the credibility of other evidence obtained and existing alongside it in a criminal case. Evidence derived through judicial presumption is similar to a check on other evidence, such as witness testimony, defendants' confessions, and other evidence. Since deducing the unknown fact sought to be proven from a concrete fact is consistent with the remaining circumstances and conditions of the case, deriving a presumption requires the judge to derive the presumption from a fact, then provide evidence for it. He then demonstrates the logical causal relationship between the known fact and the other fact sought to be proven. The oversight imposed by the Court of Cassation on the judge's authority to derive or prove judicial presumption is nothing more than legal oversight of rulings and procedures, about their rationale, whether they occurred in error, whether the judge deviated from his discretionary authority in issuing the final judgment in the case before him, or whether his decision was not consistent with reason and sound logic. Therefore, we find it an essential and unavoidable duty to address the subject of presumption, as it is a very important form of evidence, given the development of the criminal's mind and his attempts to escape punishment. Therefore, we have embarked on writing this research to demonstrate the role of presumptions, whether legal or judicial, and their role in criminal evidence, according to a research plan consisting of two sections. In the first section, we will address the concept of presumptions according to two requirements. In the first, we will explain the definition of presumptions, and in the second, the elements of presumptions. The second section is devoted to the types of presumptions, and in the two requirements, we will discuss legal presumptions in the first section and judicial presumptions in the second section. We will address this in turn according to the established plan, as follows.  

The current research included a study of popular folklore and its reflection on students' projects in the Department of Art Education. The research problem was summarized in the following questions: 1- Is popular folklore a role in student projects in the Department of Art Education? 2-What are the reflections of popular folklore in students' projects in the Department of Art Education?

Mental disorders hold particular significance in the study of criminal behavior, as they represent health conditions that impair thinking, perception of reality, and an individual’s ability to adapt to life circumstances. Consequently, they influence human emotions and behavior. This study is based on the hypothesis that certain types of mental disorders may be directly or indirectly associated with the commission of specific crimes, whether violent, moral, or against public order. Due to the seriousness of this connection, our research aims to analyze the relationship between mental disorders and certain types of crimes in an effort to understand how such disorders may affect criminal behavior from both legal and statistical perspectives Mental disorders hold particular significance in the study of criminal .The study also examines the legal frameworks governing the treatment of individuals with mental disorders when crimes are committed, within a preventive and analytical context. The goal is to present recommendations that contribute to the development of legislative and preventive policies, based on the conclusions derived from the analysis. This highlights the need to review psychological assessment mechanisms in criminal cases and strengthen cooperation between judicial and medical institutions, as well as the necessity of establishing a national database for crime-related mental disorder cases.  

The article presents the work of Abdulla Avloni life and creativity way, its in his works moral ideas, from this outside of the scientist from his works using in students high moral adjectives of formation pedagogical characteristics opportunities about information given.  

The article examines the role of parents in raising a child.  

This article discusses the genesis and development of artistic psychologism in our storytelling, how psychologism is manifested in modern stories. Special attention is paid to the uniqueness of famous storytellers in creating an image of the hero's psyche. It also discusses the possibilities of psychological imagery inherent in the story genre.  

This research investigates the use and role of artistic details in Gothic literature, especially in Stephen King’s modern Gothic works. The study looks at how descriptive details help build atmosphere, develop characters, and convey themes in Gothic stories. By comparing classical Gothic texts with King’s novels, this paper shows how artistic details are key tools for evoking psychological terror, depicting supernatural elements, and capturing the reader’s attention. The research uses close reading and textual analysis to explore how Gothic literary techniques have evolved from traditional authors to modern writers like Stephen King.  

In the era of globalization, the interaction between global health trends and national health values has become a focal point of academic and public discourse. This article explores the methodological foundations underlying the dialectic between a healthy lifestyle and traditional health-related values, focusing on how globalization influences, reshapes, or reinforces these dynamics. Drawing on interdisciplinary approaches— philosophy, sociology, cultural studies, and public health—the paper examines the epistemological and ontological bases of health behavior models that are deeply rooted in both modern standards and national identity.

This article briyefly discusses the 20th cyentury Uzbek poyetry and the formation of literary psychologism in it, the criteria for artistry. Lyricism is an literary genre aimed at describing the inner experiyencyes, feyelings and mental states of a person. Psychologism plays an important role in revealing this inner world in a deyep and subtle way. In lyricism, psychologism is the art of describing the mental states, internal conflicts, feyelings and experiyencyes of the hero (often the poyet himself), which is carriyed out using literary means of expression. Lyrical psychologism allows the reader not only to understand, but also to feyel the inner world of the character. The psychological approach to revealing the subtletiyes of the poyet’s soul, his love, suffering, dreams and hopes, increases the artistry of the lyrics and makes them impressive. This approach is often implemented through methods such as monologuye, inner speyech, expression of psychological (mental) state through natural landscapes, metaphor and symbol. In the lyric poyems of poyets, the contradictions, experiyencyes, suffering and dreams in the human soul are reflected in extremely subtle psychological layers. This gives them vitality, sincyerity and deyep ayesthetic valuye. Thus, psychologism in lyrics is not only the art of expressing feyelings, but also their analysis, penetrating into the inner world of the image, encouraging the reader to feyel that mental state. This phenomenon turns lyrics from a simple collection of words into a work of art imbuyed with beauty and a rich spiritual world.  

This article provides an in-depth coverage of the methodology for analyzing, interpreting and teaching a literary text in the context of educational analysis. The need to analyze a literary text based on its national mentality, socio-historical context, structure, language and means of expression is emphasized. The structure of the text forms a system of events based on personality, space and time, on this basis the topic is determined. Form and content are seen as an inseparable unit. The language of the text contains figurative meanings, secondary meanings and rebus constructions, which enrich the aesthetic perception of the reader. The process of perception and interpretation depends on the knowledge, intuition and taste of the reader, allowing the text to be read in a new way every time. In the process of teaching, creative active methods are used: dramatization, retelling, studying the text in context, changing the focalization, etc., to form the reader's independent thinking and artistic and intellectual skills. This approach makes literary analysis the main driving force of the educational process.  

This article extensively covers the modern organizational and methodological foundations of using multimedia tools in literature lessons. The advantages of using multimedia tools to revitalize the educational process, develop students' aesthetic taste, independent thinking skills, and organize lessons in interactive forms are analyzed. The need for purposeful, pedagogical use of multimedia tools in literature lessons is also substantiated. Practical recommendations are given to increase the effectiveness of the lesson, develop students' artistic thinking, and rationally use didactic materials. The study also scientifically analyzes the negative consequences of excessive or incorrect use of multimedia tools. The teacher's digital literacy and methodological potential are considered the main criteria for the correct use of multimedia technologies. In conclusion, the possibilities of raising the quality of lessons in literature to a new level using multimedia tools are substantiated.  

In the current era of development, the role of media literacy and media education in shaping the human mind, the ability to think critically, and the ability to perceive information consciously is undeniable. In particular, in today's information-oriented education, children who do not have media literacy are challenged to become active participants in the complex world of mass media. Therefore, this article discusses the role and importance of an informed learning environment in developing the media literacy of future engineers.  

This article explores pedagogical strategies for enhancing students' creative competencies through innovative teaching methodologies. Emphasizing a shift from traditional to student-centered approaches, it highlights core principles that foster creativity, critical thinking, and independent learning. The research underlines the role of technology integration, project-based learning, and interdisciplinary practices in cultivating innovation-driven education environments. The study concludes by offering evidence-based recommendations for educators to implement in various academic contexts.