Volume 02 Issue 03-2022
9
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
03
Pages:
09-14
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The name of Ferdousi and his heritage, both creative and the legends about him, are a cultural code that plays an
important role in the unity of the Persian cultural space, extending far beyond Iran. And at the same time the author
of "Shahnameh" became a romantic legend of the West. The image of the poet, who created the greatest work, but
did not receive recognition during his lifetime, turned out to be very close to European romantics. As well as the theme
of the struggle against tyrants and autocrats, therefore, in many interpretations, Ferdousi appears not only as an
unrecognized genius, but also as a victim of persecution.
KEYWORDS
Epic poem, Iranian antiquity, couplet, primitive Indo-Aryan society, era of Arshakids, in Avesta Fragrasyan, the great
epic of humanity.
INTRODUCTION
The author of popular works Abulkasim Firdousi (full
name - Hakim Abulkasim Mansur Hasan Firdousi Tusi) is
considered a national poet in Iran, Uzbekistan,
Tajikistan, Afghanistan. Very little is known about this
greatest Persian poet, even information about his real
name has not been preserved. He was born between
932-936. in Iran; his home was the suburb of the city of
Tus.
Research Article
THE LIFE OF THE AUTHOR OF THE GREAT POEM "SHAHNAMEH"
Submission Date:
February 25, 2022,
Accepted Date:
March 16, 2022,
Published Date:
March 27, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume02Issue03-02
Madina A. Choriyeva
Lecturer, Department of Social Sciences Bukhara State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 03-2022
10
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
03
Pages:
09-14
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Information about the family, Firdousi's father is
extremely contradictory. If some biographers
considered him a poor man, then others - quite rich and
left a decent inheritance to his son. Many researchers
are of the opinion that he was the son of a feudal
landowner, a farmer, and suggest that the family did
not live too luxuriously.
THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS
There is practically no information about the childhood
and youth of the future poet. His education for that
time was good, he was fluent in Persian and Arabic, i.e.
literary languages of contemporary Iran. It is possible
that he knew Pahlavi, the language of the pre-Muslim
era. It was thanks to the breadth of knowledge that he
got the nickname Hakim, i.e. “scientist, sage”, and his
poetic pseudonym Firdousi sounds translated as
“paradise”.
Firdousi remained in the history of literature, first of all,
as the author of the famous poem "Shahnameh". On
this work begun by the poet Dakiki, he undertook to
work in 976; in 994 the first edition was ready, in 1010 -
the second. Sultan Mahmud Gaznevid received it as a
gift from the poet. Traditions say that the gift was not
to your liking, because. the main idea of the work was
that the right to rule over the people have people who
inherited the government, and not due to the power of
force. Another well-known legend says that Ferdowsi
did not receive payment for his work. Being angry, he
composed a satire that transparently hinted at the
origin of the Sultan from a slave. The anger of the ruler
forced the impudent poet to leave the country and
wander for the rest of his life, undergoing serious
hardships. A more common point of view is that the
great poet spent his whole life in poverty and
obscurity, because his Shahnameh appeared to the
public eye and glorified him only towards the end of his
life.
Be that as it may, the Shahnameh poem quickly
became extremely popular. Covering the history of the
Iranian state from the period of the victories of A.
Macedonian, it was written in a brilliant literary
language and became a model for numerous
imitations. It has been translated into a large number
of European languages; the appearance of the Russian
version of one of its parts, readers of the 19th century.
were obliged to V. Zhukovsky.
Firdousi's biography ended where it began - in his
hometown, in 1020. In 1934, in commemoration of the
millennium anniversary of the pride of Persian poetry,
his grave was decorated with a mausoleum.
Ferdowsi transferred the ideas of ancient Iran to
Islamic Persia and contributed to the spread of the
Persian language. He also helped to preserve the
Iranian identity in conditions when it was threatened
by Arabization - although activity in this direction
began before him, it was he who brought it to
completion.
Ferdowsi became one of the main poets of classical
Persian literature of the 10th-15th centuries, the period
before the division of Persian literature into Iranian and
Tajik literature proper. In Soviet and post-Soviet
historiography, he is regarded as a Persian-Tajik poet.
The only work of Ferdowsi whose authorship is
indisputably established is the Shahnameh (Book of
Kings), the national epic of the Iranian peoples. The
Shahnameh describes the history of Iran from ancient
times to the Islamic conquest of Persia in the 7th
century. The poem consists of 50,000 couplets and is
considered the longest poem written by a single
author: twice the length of the Iliad and the Odyssey
combined.
Perhaps Firdowsi wrote poetry in his youth, but they
have not survived to this day. For some time, Firdousi
Volume 02 Issue 03-2022
11
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
03
Pages:
09-14
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
was also credited with the poem “Yusuf and Zuleikha”
based on the plot of the same name, the biblical-
Quranic story about Joseph, but the modern scientific
community denies its authorship
There is also controversy in research circles about a
satirical poem, allegedly by Firdowsi, in which the poet
ridiculed Padishah Mahmud Ghazni for not properly
rewarding the work of the poet. Firdowsi's early
biographer Nizami Aruzi claimed that the entire text of
this poem, except for six lines, was destroyed by a well-
wisher who specifically bought this poem from
Firdowsi for a thousand dirhams. A number of
fragments of the Shahnameh text are similar to
satirical verses; some scholars consider them
fabricated, others tend to consider them genuine
creations of Ferdowsi
Firdousi remained in the history of literature, first of all,
as the author of the famous poem "Shahnameh". On
this work begun by the poet Dakiki, he undertook to
work in 976; in 994 the first edition was ready, in 1010 -
the second. Sultan Mahmud Gaznevid received it as a
gift from the poet. Traditions say that the gift was not
to your liking, because. the main idea of the work was
that the right to rule over the people have people who
inherited the government, and not due to the power of
force. Another well-known legend says that Ferdowsi
did not receive payment for his work. Being angry, he
composed a satire that transparently hinted at the
origin of the Sultan from a slave. The anger of the ruler
forced the impudent poet to leave the country and
wander for the rest of his life, undergoing serious
hardships. A more common point of view is that the
great poet spent his whole life in poverty and
obscurity, because his Shahnameh appeared to the
public eye and glorified him only towards the end of his
life.
CONCLUSION
Be that as it may, the Shahnameh poem quickly
became extremely popular. Covering the history of the
Iranian state from the period of the victories of A.
Macedonian, it was written in a brilliant literary
language and became a model for numerous
imitations. It has been translated into a large number
of European languages; the appearance of the Russian
version of one of its parts, readers of the 19th century.
were obliged to V. Zhukovsky.
Firdousi's biography ended where it began - in his
hometown, in 1020. In 1934, in commemoration of the
millennium anniversary of the pride of Persian poetry,
his grave was decorated with a mausoleum.
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American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
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–
2771-2141)
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09-14
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American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
03
Pages:
09-14
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
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(2022:
6.
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OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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