«MODERN SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES AND TRENDS»
28
SECTION: MEDICAL SCIENCE
Aikhodzhayeva D. U., Ahrorov X. X.
Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute
(Tashkent, Uzbekistan)
FEATURES OF THE EFFECT OF HYPERTHERMIA ON EXOCRINE
PANCREATIC SECRETION OF GROWING RATS
Annotation
:
Daily effects on growing rats with a high external temperature led to
phase changes in the activity of alpha-amylase in pancreatic tissue, the severity of which was
different in animals receiving a particular diet. The task of the authors was to identify the
specific features of the effect of hyperthermia on the activity of pancreatic enzymes.
Key words
:
prepubertal, alpha-amylase, thermal exposures, high-
carbohydrate, balanced, low-carbohydrate, juvenile, pancreas.
Objective: T o identify the peculiarities of the effect of high temperature on the
activity of enzymes of various stages of carbohydrate hydrolysis in rats of prepubertal
age, who received a diet with an increased and reduced carbohydrate content.
Specific activity of pancreatic alpha-amylase
Daily effects on growing rats with a high external temperature led to phase
changes in the activity of alpha-amylase in pancreatic tissue, the severity of which
was different in animals receiving a particular diet.
The activity of pancreatic alpha-amylase in rats receiving a balanced diet at
the beginning of studies under the influence of high temperature was markedly
reduced. On days 4 and 8, it was 38% and 55%, respectively, lower than in animals
exposed to heat, but receiving the same diet. Later it sharply increased and on the
15th day of studies it was 4.5 times higher than the level of activity of the enzyme in
control animals.By the end of the experimental period, the specific activity of the
pancreatic alpha-amylase decreased markedly, but, nevertheless, it was 71% higher
than the control level.
Table 1
Specific activity of pancreatic alpha-amylase (mg / g protein) of juvenile rats in the
dynamics of their 30-day diet on diets with different amounts of carbohydrates under
conditions of thermal exposures
Days of
experience
Groups of
animals
R A C I O N S
Balanced
Low-carb
High-carb
0
Initial
62135± 2800
62135±2800
62135 ± 2800
4
Control An
experience
64700 ± 2400
40300 ± 5500
44200± 1300
33400 ± 3500
175500±3300
66500 ± 12300
8
Control
70900 ± 2500
41700 ± 1400
174000±4000
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In animals kept on a low-carbohydrate diet, in the first days of exposure to high
temperature there was an increase in alpha-amylolytic activity of the pancreas. On
day 4 of the experiment, it was 21% higher than that of control animals. Subsequently,
on day 8 of the studies, the activity of the enzyme in the organ of the experimental
animals decreased noticeably and became 27% lower than in rats not exposed to a
high external temperature. On the 15th and 30th days of the experiment, the levels of
specific activity of alpha-amylase in the pancreas of the experimental and control rats
did not differ.
Certain changes in the activity of pancreatic alpha-amylase under the influence
of a high external temperature were noted in rats kept on a carbohydrate- rich diet. On
day 4, it was 62% lower than in control animals that did not undergo overheating, on
the 8th day it increased and exceeded the level of activity in control animals by 30%,
then by day 15 decreased to the control level and thereafter, by day 30 experiments,
was 70% below control.
Thus, the data suggest that a high external temperature has a marked effect
on the activity of pancreatic alpha-amylase in juvenile rats contained on all diets. The
first days of the experiment are characterized by a decrease in the specific activity of
the enzyme in animals kept in a balanced and high-carbohydrate diet and a slight
increase in its level in rats receiving a diet with a low content of polysaccharides.By
the end of the studies, alpha-amylolytic activity in rats kept on a balanced diet
increased under the influence of a high external temperature, and in animals that were
on a high-carbohydrate diet is decreased.
As a result of the fact that a high external temperature has a certain effect on
the activity of pancreatic alpha-amylase, the reaction of the pancreas to the applied
different food rations changes in animals undergoing hyperthermia. In Fig. the
dynamics of alpha-amylase activity during 30 days of dietary application is presented,
where the enzyme activity was taken as the initial (100%) on the first day.As can be
seen from the figure, in rats receiving a balanced diet, the high external temperature
on days 4 and 8, respectively, by 35% and 48% reduces the amylolytic activity of the
pancreas. Then, on day 15 of the experiment, it sharply (more than 5 times as
compared with the first day) increases, and by the end of the study it decreases, but
not to the initial level: and on the 30th day, the activity of the enzyme is 77% higher
than the level of the first day.
On a low-carb diet for 4 days of exposure to high temperature, there was also
a certain inhibition of amylase activity in the pancreas. On day 8 of the experiment, it
decreased significantly and was 50% of the activity level of the first day. Then the
amylolytic activity of the gland increased somewhat, but until the end of the studies,
the enzyme activity curve in the rats exposed to heat was below the level observed in
An
experience
31700± 3800
30600 ± 3100
225400 ±18500
15
Control An
experience
70700 ± 2200
317300 ± 10700
53600 ±1100 4700
± 3600
246200 ± 14500
244000± 15900
30
Control An
experience
64300 ± 2600
109900 ± 1800
12800± 1200
11300±1500
131000±5000
39300 ± 2300
ISSUE 2
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«MODERN SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES AND TRENDS»
30
the control animals.
In animals that received a diet rich in carbohydrates, a high external
temperature led to inhibition of alpha-amylase activity at the beginning of the
experiment, as was observed in rats receiving a balanced and low-carb diets. In this
group of rats on the 4th day of the experiment the activity of the enzyme remained at
the initial level, while in the control animals it increased sharply; Then on the 8th and
15th days it was 262% and 292% higher, respectively, and by the end of the
experiment it was reduced to a level equal to 63% of the initial one.
Conclusions: Thus, the results obtained by us indicate that:
1. In pre-pubertal rats, the pancreas clearly adapts to the amount of carbohydrates
in the diet. This manifests itself both in a sharp increase in the specific and total
activity of amylase in the gland tissue with an excess of starch in food, and a
decrease in these parameters with its deficiency.
2. There is a clear correlation between the amount of carbohydrates in the diet and
the overall amylolytic activity of the pancreas: in juvenile rats receiving a high-
carbohydrate diet, the amylolytic potential of the gland rises sharply, whereas in
animals kept on a low-carb diet, it does not increase, despite the increase in gland
mass and quantity protein in it.
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