Clinical and epidemiological aspects of damage to the organ of vision in diabetes mellitus
The visual organ injuries in diabetes mellltus are an urgent problem-of ophthalmology to investigate. However, in our»Republic the studies of this kind are infriquent and do not use epidemiologic approach. Six hundred patients with diabetes mellltus of types I and II were examined, they being the residents of Tashkent and our examination revealed the visual organ changes. The eye fundus was injured in 83.68% of patients with dieletes. type I and in 84.53% of those with type II, the extent of the eye fundus injury being greater in IDDM (Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellltus) than in IIDM ( Insulin Independent Diabetes Mellltus). The clinical analysis showed that the frequency of the lens clouding in patients with diabetes mellltus increased with the .age of the patients, duration of the disease and its severity. Me had developed the classification of the injuries of the eve fundus in patients with diatetes mellltus which-allows to choose the proper tactics of treatment and succession of specialists and measures at various stages of the treatment course. The integral assessment of the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy revealed that the risk factors in IDDM and IIDM are similar,but their influence on development of the disease is different. To improve prophylaxis of the retina injuries in patients with dia-betes mellltus-, we selected the following risk groups: "favourable prognosis", "attention", and " unfavourable prognosis". We also developed the criteria of time and frequency of examination of patients in these groups. The analysts of dynamics of morbidity rate for diabetes melli- tus by 2005 showed the further increase of this rate - in 1.4 times. Blindness in patients with I DOU is 5.65% and in those with IIDM - 11.11%. On the basis of the material described above, the neccessery conditions for organising the ophthalmo-diabetic service were formulated.
