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GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PAEONIA LACTIFLORA IN
TASHKENT CONDITION
Dang Yu Lei
Teacher of Jining normal university, Inner Mongolia, China
PhD student of the National university of Uzbekistan named after
Mirzo Ulugbek
e-mail: 332530804@qq.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15629483
Abstract:
In this article, the growth and development process, bioecological
characteristics and phenological characteristics of Paeonia lactiflora two
varieties under Tashkent climate and environmental conditions were studied, so
as to provide a theoretical reference for the introduction of Paeonia lactiflora in
Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
Keywords:
Paeonia lactiflora, virginal stage, juvenile stage, virginyl stage,
budding stage, flowering stage, fertilization stage, phenology.
Introduction
The growth and development of Paeonia lactiflora in Tashkent was studied
during the 2023-2025 year, and phenological observations were conducted
throughout its growing season. Phenological periods refer to the response of
plant growth, development, activities, and other patterns to changes in
biological phases. The phenological period of plants is a comprehensive
response of plants to the environment, which can be used to assess the
adaptability of plants to the environment. Phenological observations are one of
the important bases for evaluating the success of plant introduction [1]. The
main climatic factors affecting plant phenological periods include temperature,
precipitation, relative humidity, frost and wind, and sunlight [2].
Material and methods
The biomorphological characteristics of plants and the stages of
ontogenesis were studied based on the methods of T.A. Rabotnov[3], I.G.
Serebryakov[4,5], A.A. Uranov[6,7], L.A. Zhukova[8], and the root system of P.K.
Krasilnikov[9].
In studying the seasonal development of plants, the methods of I.V.
Borisova [10] and I.N. Beydeman [11] were used.
The methods of A.N. Ponomaryov [12] and Z.G. Bespalova [13] were used in
studying the flowering biology of plants and their seasonal dynamics.
Results
We planted the roots of P. lactiflora in the botanical garden of the National
University of Uzbekistan, with the roots of this plant from Heze City, Shandong
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Province, China. P. lactiflora was planted in late September 2023, and this plant
has been growing in the botanical garden from 2023 to 2024.
Virginal stage (v).
In 2023, we planted two varieties of P. lactiflora in the
botanical garden in autumn, namely "Angel Cheek", "Zi Feng Chao Yang".
Throughout the autumn, the plants are in a dormant state.
Until the spring of 2024, in March, P. lactiflora begin to sprout. Different
varieties have different growth rates. After 14 days in March "Angel Cheek", one
bud begins to sprout. After a 5-day interval, two buds sprout. After 15 days in
March "Zi Feng Chao Yang", two buds sprouted. After a 3-day interval, four buds
sprout. The buds are mostly purplish-red. At this time, the average air
temperature is + 9.8-15.3°C, the relative humidity is 62%, the average soil
temperature is + 8-12°C, and the soil moisture is 23.9-24.0 %.
In April, P. lactiflora“Angel Cheek” has a relatively fast growth rate. After 5
days of germination, one of the buds significantly grew in height, with a stem
height of about 16 cm and a stem diameter of about 4 mm. After 3 days, one
plant grew significantly taller, with a stem height of about 30 cm. Each plant has
a total of 6-8 leaves.
After the four buds of "Zi Feng Chao Yang" sprouted, one of them was
significantly taller, with a stem height of about 10 cm and a stem diameter of
about 2 mm. After a 7-day interval, all four buds significantly increased in height,
and the leaves no longer curled up and began to extend. The stem heights were
26 cm, 15 cm, 13 cm, and 9 cm respectively, and the stem diameter was about 3
mm, 3mm, 2mm. Afterwards, it was measured every two days and the stem grew
significantly taller.
In April, the average temperature is + 16.9-22.6°C, air relative humidity is
59%, average soil temperature is + 19-22°C, and soil moisture reaches 21.9-
22.0%.
In early May, the growth rate of P. lactiflora “Angel Cheek” noticeably
accelerated, with stems reaching a height of 36 cm, and the leaves expanded and
increased in size, totaling 51 leaves. At this time, the average air temperature is
+20.8-27.1°C, the relative humidity of the air is 56%, the average soil
temperature is +23-26°C, and the soil moisture is 20.0-21.0%.
P. lactiflora “Zi Feng Chao Yang” stem height is 29,17,16,12 cm, the stem
diameter is 4,4,3, and 2 mm, and the branches are 5,3, 3, and 2 respectively. The
total number of leaves is 44.
Budding stage(g)
. In mid-May, P. lactiflora “Angel Cheek” start appear
flower buds. The average air temperature at this time is + 24.6-27.1°C, with a
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relative humidity of 55%, an average soil temperature of + 24-26°C, and a soil
moisture content of 20.0-21.0%. The plant height is 36 cm, with 5 branches, the
leaves are pinnate with twice-compound leaflets.
The flowering stage
starts in
late May, with flowers often borne terminally or in the axils. The flower diameter
is about 10 cm, with a pink color, single-petaled, approximately 10 petals, and
the edges are slightly wavy. The stamens are numerous and golden yellow in
color. The flowering stage can last 7-10 days. The average air temperature
during flowering stage is +28.8-30.5°C, relative humidity of the air is 54%,
average soil temperature is +23-25°C, and soil moisture is 19.0-20.0%.
The
fertilization stage
starts in early June and lasts until mid-August. The
fructification is often follicle, oval in shape, splits open when mature, containing
spherical seeds that are black and shiny, with a hard seed coat.
P. lactiflora 'Zi Feng Chao Yang' has a slow growth rate and a weaker
adaptability to the environment, with no observed bud or bloom periods under
wild conditions.
Figure 1 The morphological appearance of Paeonia lactiflora “Angel
Cheek” at different stages of growth and development
Conclusion
In summary, by planting two varieties of P. lactiflora at the same time in
the autumn of 2023, P. lactiflora "Angel Cheek" will grow smoothly in all stages
of its development in 2024 and will be able to adapt to the wild environment in
Tashkent, with the entire growth period lasting about 168-178 days. P.lactiflora
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"Zi Feng Chao Yang" also sprouted and grew, but it grew slowly and did not
bloom. Therefore, it is further confirmed that different varieties of Paeonia
lactiflora have different adaptability to the environment. Whether these two
varieties can fully adapt to the climate of Tashkent and whether the growing
period can continue to be extended will need to be further planted and observed
in 2025 for further research.
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