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THE MAIN WAYS TO DEVELOP INNOVATION AND
DIGITALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE REGIONS OF
UZBEKISTAN
I.E.Qalbaeva
1st year master's student of the
Faculty of Economics of Karakalpak State University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15654167
Abstract.
This article substantiates the need and prerequisites for the
development of innova- tion and digitalization of agriculture in the regions of
Uzbekistan, provides an overview of gov- ernment documents regulating and
coordinating the development of this sphere, summarizes the results of a
sociological survey on monitoring the impact of the results of implemented
innova- tions, provides a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of
innovation activity, analyzes the reasons for the low level of innovative
development in agriculture, the main directions of devel- opment innovation
and digitalization of agriculture in Uzbekistan are also given.
Keywords:
innovation, innovative activity, innovative activity, innovative
products, digitaliza- tion, agriculture, agricultural subjects.
Аннотация.
В данной статье обосновывается необходимость и
препосылки развития инновации и цифровизации сельского хозяйства в
регионах Узбекистана, дается обзор правитедьственных документов,
регулирующие и координирующие развитие данной сферы, обобщены
результаты социологического опроса по мониторингу влияния
результатов внедренных инноваций, дается сопоставительный анализ
показателей эффективности инновационной активности, анализируются
причины низкого уровня инновационного развития в сельском
хозяйстве, а также приводятся основные направления развития
инновации и цифровизации сельского хозяйства в Узбекистане.
Ключевые слова:
инновация, инновационная деятельность,
инновационная активность, инновационная продукция, цифровизация,
сельское хозяйство, сельскохозяйственные субъекты.
Annotatsiya.
Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston hududlarida qishloq xo‘jaligida
innovatsiya va raqamlashtirishni rivojlantirish zarurati va shart-sharoitlari
asoslangan,
ushbu
sohani
rivojlantirishni
tartibga
soluvchi
va
muvofiqlashtiruvchi hukumat hujjatlari sharhi keltirilgan, joriy etilgan
innovatsiyalar natijalarining ta’siri monitoringi bo‘yicha o‘tkazilgan sotsiologik
so‘rov natijalari umumlashtirilgan, innovatsion faoliyat samaradorligi
ko‘rsatkichlarining qiyosiy tahlili berilgan, qishloq xo‘jaligida innovatsion
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rivojlanish darajasining pastligi sabablari tahlil qilingan, shuningdek,
O‘zbekistonda
qishloq
xo‘jaligida
innovatsiya
va
raqamlashtirishni
rivojlantirishning asosiy yo‘nalishlari keltirilgan.
Tayanch iboralar:
innovatsiya, innovatsion faoliyat, innovatsion faollik,
innovatsion mahsulot, raqamlashtirish, qishloq xo‘jaligi, qishloq xo‘jaligi
subyektlari.
In the current context of large-scale reforms being carried out to
decentralize governance in the regions of our country, the role of regions is
becoming increasingly important, as reforms are being implemented at the
republican, regional, and other administrative-territorial units of regions, which
differ significantly from each other in their natural-ecological, socio-economic,
demographic, and other development parameters. In this regard, during the
reform process, the Action Strategy for the Further Development of the Republic
of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021 [1], adapted to modern conditions, was adopted,
which set the task of actively attracting foreign investments to the sectors of the
economy and regions of the country through the socio-economic development of
regions, districts, and cities.
In addition, the first steps have been taken in the republic to transition to
an innovative economy, and the necessary conditions have been created for
innovative activity. In particular, by the Decree
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
No. PF-5544 [2] defines the Strategy of Innovative Development of the
Republic of Uzbekistan, the "Roadmap" for the implementation of the Strategy of
Innovative Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the target indicators of
innovative development of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030. In order to
ensure the implementation of the tasks set in these documents, decisions were
made on the development of innovative activities in agriculture and measures
were taken to introduce innovative technologies and ideas in all branches of
agriculture.
In addition, the Strategy for the Development of Agriculture [3] was
adopted, which defines the priority directions for the development of agriculture
until 2030, including the introduction of agro-innovative ideas, increasing labor
productivity, and improving the quality of products.
At the same time, the State Program for the implementation of the Action
Strategy on five priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in
2017-2021 in the "Year of Development of Science, Enlightenment and digital
economy" [4], assigned to relevant ministries and agencies to ensure the
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development of a program of practical measures for the widespread
introduction of digital technologies in agriculture, as well as intensive
technologies and innovations.
The adoption of these measures will undoubtedly raise not only agriculture,
but also the economy of the regions to a high level.
Now let's analyze the innovative activity in the republic's agriculture. It
should be noted that since the first years of independence, large-scale reforms
have been carried out in the republic to develop agriculture.
Four years have taken a new wave under the leadership of the new
President Sh. Mirziyoyev.
At the same time, the low level of creation of scientific and technical
developments in the agricultural sector, the low level of private and state
investments, the organization of innovative structures, and the low level of
development of mechanisms for creating innovative structures, developing, and
stimulating innovative activity are hindering the growth of agricultural
production rates. Statistical data show that the share of the agricultural sector in
the total volume of innovative goods, works, and services is only 0.7 percent. As
our previous research has shown, the main problem is the lack of funds and the
absence of a need for new innovative products.
In this regard, based on the study of best practices, the main focus should
be on the following tasks for the innovative development of agriculture:
introduction of modern technologies for storing and transporting agricultural
products, including membrane technologies; creation of agro-industrial clusters
in the most important areas of the agro-industrial complex, taking into account
the subsequent implementation of logistics and finished natural products;
providing financial assistance to agricultural producers, depending on the type
and size of products they produce, with the definition of specific funding
sources; implementation of effective foreign experience in automating the
management of drip irrigation, organic farming, and agricultural production
processes; use of geoinformation technologies in the placement of products in
agriculture and water management; introduction of modern technologies for
making objective decisions, collecting, storing, and processing data; organization
of horticulture in closed areas and increasing its efficiency, introduction of open
hydroponic technologies; application of laser planning methods to improve the
melioration state of irrigated lands; introduction of new agricultural directions,
taking into account the existing capabilities of the regions; ensuring food
security through the development of the food industry, expanding the range of
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manufactured products, including public catering; placing other crops with high
economic efficiency in areas where traditional crops are sown and yields are
low; creating a digital "Agriculture" platform in the regions to collect, process,
and store large volumes of information generated from various sources for
implementing regional innovation policy in the agricultural sector.
Bibliographic list:
1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 7, 2017
No. UP-4947 "On the Action Strategy for the Further Development of the
Republic of Uzbekistan."
2. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 21,
2018 No. UP-5544 "On Approving the Strategy of Innovative Development of the
Republic of Uzbekistan."
3. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated October 23, 2019
No. UP-5853 "On Approval of the Strategy for the Development of Agriculture of
the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020-2030"
4. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 2, 2020 No.
UP-5953 "On the State Program for the implementation of the Action Strategy on
five priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021 in
the "Year of Development of Science, Enlightenment and the Digital Economy"
5. Papaconstantinou G., Sakurai N., Wyckoff A. Embodied Technology Difusion:
An Empirical Analysis for 10 OECD Countries // STI Working Papers. OECD.
1996/1. Verspagen
B. Economic growth and technological change // STI Working Papers. OECD.
2001/01. -P. 16.
6. Main indicators of scientific and technical potential and innovative
development of the Republic of Uzbekistan: Annual statistical collection. State
Statistics Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017,
2018
