ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
118
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF PLANT PROTECTION AND
QUARANTINE IN ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES (SOIL AND OTHER
FACTORS) UNDER TTHE CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE
CHANGE.
Atajanova Araztaj Makhsadovna
Student of Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh,
Biology faculty 2st course
e-mail: araztajatajanova@gmail.com
phone:998 88 012-54-12
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15771611
Abstract:
This article analyzes the impact of global climate change on the
environment, particularly soil fertility, water resources, and the state of
ecosystems. The role and importance of plant protection and quarantine in the
context of climate change in maintaining plant health, sustainable agricultural
development, and ensuring food security will also be considered. The article
discusses the prevention of the spread of new pests and diseases caused by
climate change, strategies to combat them, and the need for quarantine
measures.
Keywords:
Global climate change, plant protection, plant quarantine,
environmental change, soil fertility, pests, diseases, sustainable agriculture, food
security.
Аннотация:
В данной статье анализируется влияние глобального
изменения климата на окружающую среду, в частности на плодородие
почв, водные ресурсы и состояние экосистем. Также будет рассмотрена
роль и значение защиты растений и карантина в сохранении здоровья
растений, устойчивом развитии сельского хозяйства и обеспечении
продовольственной безопасности в условиях изменения климата. В статье
обсуждается предотвращение распространения новых вредителей и
болезней, вызванных изменением климата, стратегии борьбы с ними и
необходимость карантинных мер.
Ключевые слова:
Глобальное изменение климата, защита растений,
карантин растений, изменение окружающей среды, плодородие почвы,
вредители, болезни, устойчивое сельское хозяйство, продовольственная
безопасность.
Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqola global iqlim o'zgarishining atrof-muhitga,
xususan tuproq unumdorligi, suv resurslari va ekotizimlar holatiga ta'sirini
tahlil qiladi. Shuningdek, iqlim o'zgarishi sharoitida o'simliklar himoyasi va
karantini sohasining o'simliklar salomatligini saqlash, qishloq xo'jaligini
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
119
barqaror rivojlantirish va oziq-ovqat xavfsizligini ta'minlashdagi o'rni va
ahamiyati ko'rib chiqiladi. Maqolada iqlim o'zgarishi tufayli yuzaga keladigan
yangi zararkunandalar va kasalliklar tarqalishining oldini olish, ularga qarshi
kurashish strategiyalari va karantin tadbirlarining zarurligi muhokama qilinadi.
Kalit so'zlar:
Global iqlim o'zgarishi, o'simliklar himoyasi, o'simliklar
karantini, atrof-muhit o'zgarishi, tuproq unumdorligi, zararkunandalar,
kasalliklar, barqaror qishloq xo'jaligi, oziq-ovqat xavfsizligi.
Today, the world community recognizes that climate change is the most
serious problem facing humanity. Climate change affects all spheres of human
life and requires urgent measures to prevent the negative consequences of
climate change and adapt to new living conditions. Modern science provides
serious grounds to confirm that human economic activity, primarily associated
with the release of greenhouse gases as a result of burning fossil fuels, has a
significant impact on the climate. In Uzbekistan, from 1880 to the present, the
average annual temperature increased by 1.6 degrees (from 13.2 to 14.8 °C),
which is higher than the global average. According to experts' forecasts, in 2030-
2050, the air temperature in the region may rise by another 1.5-3°C.
Temperatures are expected to rise, especially in the Aral Sea region, which will
be exacerbated by local climate change.Uzbekistan is among the countries most
vulnerable to the consequences of climate change. According to expert
assessments, a further increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere will lead to an increase in the risk of water and food shortages as a
result of drought, an increase in the population due to an increase in the
duration and intensity of the hot season, as well as the recurrence of mudflows,
floods, and other dangerous phenomena. Moreover, such warming negatively
affects the state of ecosystems and leads to an exacerbation of the ecological
situation in such regions as the Aral Sea region, Karakalpakstan, Surkhandarya,
Bukhara, and Khorezm regions.Global climate change and the sensitivity of the
country's natural resource complex to these changes determine the need to form
a consistent climate policy.Impact of environmental change on plants. Climate
change directly affects the physicochemical properties of the soil. Increased
temperature leads to faster decomposition of organic matter in the soil, which
leads to a decrease in fertility. Drought increases water scarcity, and floods
intensify soil erosion. In addition, climate change can expand the distribution
areas of pests and diseases, increase the rate of their development, and reduce
plant resistance to them. Extreme weather events directly harm plants.
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
120
Summary:
Global climate change is having a serious impact on the
environment, in particular on soil and other factors important for agriculture. In
these conditions, the field of plant protection and quarantine is crucial for
maintaining plant health, ensuring yields, and guaranteeing food security.
Increasing investment in these sectors, introducing modern technologies, and
strengthening international cooperation will contribute to mitigating the
negative consequences of climate change and developing sustainable
agriculture.
References:
1. Eugene P. Odum, "Fundamentals of Ecology" (1971): A comprehensive guide
to the basic concepts and principles of ecology.
2. A. Ergashev, "General Ecology" (2003): A fundamental guide to ecology by an
Uzbek scientist.
3. A. Tukhtayev, "Ecology" (2010): A textbook covering the main areas of
ecology.
4. Rachel Carson, "Silent Spring" (1962): A famous book about the impact of
pesticides on the environment.
5. "The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Environmental Protection" (1992):
The main legislative documents on environmental protection in
