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SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO
BEHAVIOR DISORDERS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Farmanova Gulbakhor Khushbakovna
Director of Preschool and School Education Department 29 State Preschool
Education Organization, Surkhandarya region Jarkurgon district
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13853880
Abstract:
this article examines social and psychological factors
contributing to behavior disorders in preschool children.
Key words
: socio-psychological factors, family education, social
environment, behavioral disorder, emotional distress
The problem of children's behavior in a social environment is a relevant
topic today. This is especially true for preschool children, who add to the
statistics on the increase in children with pronounced signs of behavioral
disorders in society. Restless behavior, incontinence, mood swings, difficulties in
organizing any activity create many problems for a child in any situation of
interaction with peers and adults. Scientific literature describes various causes
of behavioral disorders in children, but there is no generally accepted
classification of deviant behavior.
In this case, the family plays a major role among the above-mentioned
reasons, since it is impossible to explain the child's behavioral disorders outside
the context of the analysis of the socio-psychological situations of his
development. The family is the object that has been studied in different years by
many researchers and is the immediate environment that forms the moral
values of the child. Consequently, the family is one of the most important factors
in the socialization of the preschooler's personality, and in case of a violation of
relations in the "family-personality" system - the emergence of deviance.
A family is a small group based on marriage or blood relationship, the
members of which are connected by a common life, mutual moral responsibility
and mutual assistance; it develops a set of norms, sanctions and patterns of
behavior that regulate the interaction between spouses, parents and children,
and children among themselves. The most important characteristic of the family
is its functions, which are in a certain correspondence with the nature of social
relations. In this regard, scientists predict that the main function of the family
may be the function of early socialization, due to the fact that early socialization
is most favorable in the family. The family provides a connection between the
individual and social, economic and demographic processes in society. The
family as a social institution has changed significantly at present. It experiences
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significant difficulties in adapting to the dynamic development of modern
society.
The family is extremely sensitive to all processes that occur in society, it
responds to them in one way or another. The difficulties and contradictions of
the historical development of our society have left their mark on the life of the
family and its educational opportunities. Socio-psychological causes of deviant
behavior in preschool children. Family dysfunction can be attributed to the
socio-psychological causes of deviant behavior in childhood. Family dysfunction
is one of the main reasons determining the state and dynamics of deviant
behavior in minors.
The concept of “family dysfunction” covers various negative
characteristics of the family, defects in its structural, quantitative or age-sex
composition, intra-family relationships, relationships of family members with
external social institutions – kindergarten, school, college, production, leisure
and other institutions. Two areas of risk of socio-psychological factors can be
distinguished that contribute to the development of behavioral disorders in
children:
The family is a key condition for the optimal psycho-social development of
a child and most often acts as a source of age-related psycho-emotional
development disorders. Usually, when a problematic situation arises that is
unacceptable for a child, creating certain difficulties for him and leading to
experiences, resentments, and hurt pride, it acts as a stimulus, plays the role of a
trigger. When the stimulus reaches a critical threshold, it causes a response, with
the help of which the child tries to relieve, throw off the experiences that are
burdensome for him. Childhood distress in the emotional sphere manifests itself
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in aggression, uncontrollability or anxiety, insecurity, isolation or a tendency to
fear. It is very important that the emotional state of the child is favorable, since
the accumulation of negative emotions also affects the somatic health of the
child.
In addition to social family factors, teachers and other adults who are
around the student throughout the day can be the cause of problems in the
emotional-behavioral sphere and cognitive activity. The fact is that children are
often influenced not only by deliberate and targeted actions of an educational
nature, but also by the behavioral characteristics of adults who are nearby
throughout the day. In order for the incorrect behavior of adults in an
educational institution not to be a source of aggressive behavior of a child, it is
necessary to follow certain rules and the Code of Pedagogical Ethics. In order to
effectively prevent and correct deviant behavior of preschool children, it is
necessary to study the complex of reasons that cause deviations in the child's
behavior and remember that children are very sensitive and react clearly to the
mood of people around them, even if adults do not notice it.
Thus, eliminating the adverse effects of socio-psychological factors or mitigating
their impact on the child's development will contribute to a more correct and
harmonious development, and will also reduce the risk of impaired personality
development and the neuropsychic sphere.
References:
1.
Batirov M. (2023). Causes of deviant behavior in preschool children.
Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University, (3), 124-131.
2.
Komilova N. (2022). Development of emotional responsiveness as a
condition for preventing deviant behavior in preschool children. Siberian
Psychological Journal, (36), 68-71.
3.
Development of social emotions in preschool children: Psychological
research / Ed. A.V. Zaporozhets, Ya.Z. Neverovich. Edition-3. M.: Pedagogy, 2023
