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MICROBIOCENOSIS OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN INFLAMMATORY
PERIODONTAL DISEASES
Kurbanova S.Yu.
Bakhtiyorova Sh.U.
Alisherova Z.T.
Tashkent State Dental Institute
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13843691
Purpose of the study.
To conduct a comparative assessment of the
effectiveness of classical and molecular genetic methods for diagnosing
inflammatory periodontal diseases.
Material and methods.
During a microbiological study, we studied the
composition of the microflora of the periodontal sulcus in 61 patients. We
collected samples from the periodontal sulcus using sterile disks after a 2-
minute contact exposure, then they were placed in test tubes with 1 ml of sugar
broth, 0.1 ml of which was sown on nutrient environment. Within 24 hours after
incubation in a thermostat (t=370 C), the number of grown colonies on the plate
was counted and recalculated per 1 cm2 area.When studying microbiocenosis,
standard nutrient media were used: – blood agar – to calculate the total
microbial contamination; – yolk-salt agar – for staphylococci; – sugar broth – for
streptococci; – vegetable-milk medium – for lactobacilli; – Sabouraud’s medium
– for yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida. To identify obligate anaerobic
microorganisms of the oral cavity, in parallel with classical bacteriological
methods, the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used.
Result.
Analysis of data obtained using microbiological methods
depending on severity allowed us to distribute clinical groups into subgroups:
Group I – (15 patients with mild severity). In the clinical subgroups of persons
diagnosed with mild periodontal disease, the analysis identified 1-2-3
component associations in 46.6%; 33.3%; 20%. 46.6% of patients (7) had P.
gingivalis monoinfection; in 33.3% (5) associations of two species were
determined: Treponema denticola + B. forsythus, in 3 in 20% of cases -
associations of three species: P. gingivalis + Treponema denticola + B. forsythus.
Group II - 22 (36%). When analyzing the structure of markers isolated from
samples of dental plaque in patients with moderate severity of the disease, it
was found that P. gingivalis markers were identified most often (26.3%), in
13.8% of cases - B. forsythus and T. denticola. Microorganisms in 57.1% of cases
were mainly represented by associations of three species, in 14.3% by
associations of two, and in 28.6% by associations of four species. Group III - 24
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(39.3%). In clinical subgroups with severe disease from the oral mucosa, 1-2
component associations were identified in 21.3%, 2-3 and 3-4 components -
46.1% of cases, 4-5 components in 32.6% of cases . The increasing complexity of
microbial associations found in the gingival margin has contributed to the
progression and aggravation of chronic periodontal diseases.
Conclusions.
Against the background of a chronic inflammatory process,
favorable conditions are created for the development of pathogenic microflora,
which in turn leads to the support of inflammatory processes in periodontal
tissues. The results of microbiological studies give reason to believe that when
treating periodontal tissue diseases in patients with different severity of the
disease, one should take into account not only the severity of the disease, but
also the species composition of the microflora. This approach is appropriate and
rational in the selection of antibacterial drugs in complex treatment, having
previously determined the sensitivity of the oral microflora to them.
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