ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
83
IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF VIRAL-ASSOCIATED
GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN CHILDREN
Ergasheva Mukharram Uktamovna
Bukhara State Medical Institute
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13354821
Introduction
According to many researchers, chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is one of
the main causes of chronic renal failure among acquired diseases in children. A
number of researchers believe that hypertension and proteinuria are the most
important independent risk factors for the progression of kidney disease [1].
The most common immunopathogenetic mechanism for the development of
glomerulonephritis is immunocomplex, which occurs in 70-80% of the total
number of patients with glomerulonephritis [2].
The purpose of the study:
The use of urocytokinodiagnostics to assess the
immune response in children with glomerulonephritis
Materials and methods of research.
In order to study the state of cytokine synthesis in children with CGN, in
order to develop informative indicators of the severity of the course and
outcome, we selected sick children taking into account the association of the
underlying disease with CMV infection.
For the convenience of comparing the main indicators of the severity of the
sick children, they were divided into 2 groups depending on the association with
CMV infection:
1-the main group consists of 35 sick children with CGN nephrotic form;
The 2-comparison group consists of 35 sick children with CMV-associated
HCG nephrotic form;
The control group consisted of 31 healthy children of the appropriate age.
Results.
As a result of the assessment of the state of synthesis of proinflammatory
cytokines in children, an increase of IL-18 by 2.0 times was found in children of
group 2 against the control -30.2±4.6 pg/ml (p<0.05), a decrease by 1.2 times
against the indicators of group 1 - 78.2±7.1 pg/ml (p<0.05).
In our study, IL-18 had the highest rates in group 1 of CGN patients without
CMV, which exceeded the results of healthy children by 2.6 times (Table 2). As is
known, IL-18 shifts the balance of cytokines in favor of cellular immunity,
however, the presence of CMV is a factor in the suppression of all links of
immunity, in particular interferon formation.
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
84
MCP-1 was increased by 1.4 times in group 1 and 2.9 times in group 2 of
HCG with CMV, since it is the most powerful factor of chemotaxis of monocytes
in the div, as well as memory T cells and dendritic cells, to the foci of
inflammation and is produced when tissues are damaged or infection is
introduced. It is this mechanism that explains the threefold increase in MCP-1 of
388.8± 31.9 pg/ml in group 2, against the control values of 136.2± 28.5 pg/ml.
Thus, a significant increase in the concentration of IL-18 in both main
groups is the result of an autoimmune reaction in CGN, and a relatively low
concentration of cytokine in group 2 indicates suppression of specific antiviral
immunity of CMVI.
In the study of urine cytokines, IL-1β in group 1 was increased 1.8 times
relative to the control group and 1.3 times in group 2 (p<0.05). This trend was
similar to the result of IL-18 in the blood, since both cytokines are expressed by
monocytes and macrophages, this is also explained by the fact that IL-18
synthesis is induced by IL-1β (fig.2).
IL-17A was increased 1.4-fold relative to the control of 45.8±3.6 pg/ml in
group 1, 64.6± 2.4 pg/ml, and 1.8-fold in group 2, 81.7±3.3 pg/ml HCG with
CMVI.
Conclusion.
An increase in the concentration of IL-18 in serum and IL-1β in urine
relative to the control group in CGN was an indicator of the severity of an
autoimmune reaction, and a relatively low concentration of cytokines in both
blood and urine in CGN with CMV indicated suppression of specific antiviral
immunity of CMVI.
It was found that an increase in serum MCP-1 by 1.4 times in group 1 and 2.9
times in group 2 of HCG with CMV is an indicator of viral kidney damage. A
significantly high concentration of IL-17A in urine in CGN with CMV indicated
local cytokine production in the kidneys and acted as an indicator of the
prognosis of the outcome of CGN.
References:
1.
Illek YaYu, Zaitseva GA, Tarasova EYu, Buzakova OS, Gainano va AM.
Pokazateli sistemnogo immuniteta u detei s ostrym i khronicheskim
glomerulonefritom v raznye periody zabolevanii. Vyatskii meditsinskii vestnik.
2019; (2–4):66–68.
2.
Usui J, Kobayashi M, Ebihara I, Koyama A, Yamagata K. Methicil lin-
resistant Staphylococcus-aureus-associated glomerulonephri tis on the decline:
decreased incidence since the 1990s. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2021 Feb;15 (1):184–6.
DOI: 10.1007/s10157–010–0369 x
