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THE ROLE OF SMALL BUSINESS IN THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY, ITS
FURTHER DEVELOPMENT
Dadaboeva Marguba Mamasolievna
Andijan machine-building institute
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12546169
It should be noted that over the years of independence, a stable legal
framework has been created in Uzbekistan, which consolidates the primacy of
private property, which is the basis of a market economy. A favorable business
environment and reliable legal guarantees have been created for the rapid
development of small businesses and private entrepreneurship, which is an
important factor in the formation of a middle class of owners, the stable
development of the country’s economy, the creation of new jobs and the growth
of incomes of the population.
As a result, over the past decade, the share of small businesses in the
gross domestic product has increased from 31.1 percent to 52.5 percent, and the
level of employment in this sector has increased from 49.7 percent to 74.5
percent compared to the total number of workers in the country . sector of the
economy. More than 47 percent of the population's income comes from business
income.
In accordance with the State Program “Year of Small Business and Private
Entrepreneurship,” a set of measures has been implemented this year to create a
more favorable business environment for the broad development of
entrepreneurship [3].
The procedure for state registration of business entities and their
connection to engineering and communication networks has been significantly
simplified; this process has become more transparent. The state registration fee
has been halved. The list of types of activities that small enterprises with an
average annual number of employees increased to 100 people has been
significantly expanded. A mechanism for large-scale involvement of small
businesses in the public procurement process has been developed and
implemented.
Measures have been taken to sharply reduce the intervention of
government and regulatory authorities in the financial and economic activities
of enterprises, to significantly expand economic freedom and the rights of
business entities. The period for exemption of newly created small enterprises
and microfirms from scheduled tax audits has been increased from two to three
years. It was prohibited for three years to conduct tax audits for small
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businesses that pay taxes and other obligatory payments on time, as well as
ensure stable growth rates and profitability of production [6].
The development of small business and private entrepreneurship in the
Republic of Uzbekistan has gone through certain stages since independence to
the present day. In this regard, a number of regulatory documents and legal
frameworks have been created.
According to the 29th goal of the Development Strategy of the new
Uzbekistan for 2022-2026, it is determined to create conditions for organizing
business activities and forming a permanent source of income, increase the
share of entrepreneurship in GDP to 80 percent and the share of exports to 60
percent [1].
Effective measures are visible to reform the national economy, liberalize
foreign trade, tax and financial policies, support entrepreneurship and ensure
the inviolability of private property, organize deep processing of agricultural
products, and ensure rapid development of regions.
Creating economic and territorial foundations for the development of
small businesses and private entrepreneurship in our country is the reason for
achieving positive results. As a result of the provision of large-scale tax and
customs benefits for the development of small businesses and private
entrepreneurship, the socio-economic situation of small businesses and private
entrepreneurship will significantly improve. In addition, it is fundamental in this
area that the state sets such tasks as “starting from 2022, gradually introduce
the procedure for entering all mandatory requirements related to
entrepreneurship into a single electronic register and revise repetitive and
outdated mandatory requirements” for changes [4].
Small businesses and private entrepreneurship are increasingly
becoming the backbone of our economy. There is an increase in production
volumes, improvement in product quality as a result of competition, and
diversification of mutual economic relations.
Table 1
Share of small business and private entrepreneurship in the national
economy (percentage of total volume)
Indicators
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
GDP
65,3
62,4
56,0
55,7
54,9
51,8
Industry
41,2
37,4
25,8
27,9
27,0
51,8
Construction
64,8
73,2
75,8
72,5
72,4
71,6
Job
78,0
76,3
76,2
74,5
74,4
74,4
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Export
22,0
27,2
27,0
20,5
22,3
29,5
Import
53,6
56,2
61,6
51,7
48,7
49,4
The development of small businesses and private entrepreneurship in our
country can be judged by their main economic indicators and their share in
production in industries (Table 1) [2].
Factors influencing the further development of small business and private
entrepreneurship include:
- reduction in the number of employees in large production;
- reducing the tendency of enterprises to grow;
- increasing the pace of opening new enterprises, etc.
Support for small businesses and private entrepreneurship in our country
is carried out mainly in the following ways:
- further improvement of the mechanism for providing loans to small
businesses and private enterprises, increasing their volume;
- creating more favorable conditions for small businesses and private
entrepreneurship in terms of paying taxes and other payments and providing
benefits;
- creating a more favorable business environment in our country and its
regions, strengthening the priority of private property;
- attracting foreign investment in the development of small businesses;
- further simplification of procedures for creating small enterprises and
registering small enterprises and entrepreneurs [5].
At the initiative of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in order to
support small businesses and private entrepreneurship, the necessary decisions,
laws, decrees and similar legal documents have been adopted and are being
implemented. At the same time, in order to encourage entrepreneurship, two
funds were created: a fund for the development of entrepreneurship and a fund
for supporting the development of small businesses. From January 1, 2023, the
value added tax rate for entrepreneurs will be reduced from the current 15
percent to 12 percent, and from July 1, 2022, the application of increased tax
rates to empty buildings and unused land will be canceled, and entrepreneurs
have thus been announced the repayment previously inflated debts amounting
to 2 trillion [2]
In short, opening up a broad path to the development of small businesses and
private entrepreneurship, that is, to the development of the non-state sector,
creates an opportunity to accelerate the pace of economic reforms. In our
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country, many favorable opportunities are being created for the development of
small businesses and private entrepreneurship; we can say that both material
and moral support are provided to those who are just starting to engage in
entrepreneurship. At the same time, the allocation of financial resources aimed
at creating a convenient financing system for entrepreneurs, for example, 20
trillion soums will be directed to small business projects, and in addition,
attracting funds from international financial institutions to commercial banks is
an obvious step. example. In our country, a lot of work is being done to promote
the development of private entrepreneurship, create and improve its legal
protection, and bring private entrepreneurship to a leading position in the
country’s economy.
Bibliography:
1.
Меморандум Президента Республики Узбекистан № ПФ-60 «О
Стратегии развития нового Узбекистана на 2022-2026 годы».28. 01. 2022.
2.
Подготовлено на основании информации Государственного
комитета по статистике Республики Узбекистан.
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Салимов Б.Т., Салимов Б.Б. - Стратегический подход к развитию
предпринимательства.
Сборник
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конференции на тему «Изучение международного опыта в сферах
национальной экономики и его внедрение в развитие малого бизнеса,
частного предпринимательства». - Т.: ТДАУ, 1998.
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Гафуров Ю.В. - Совершенствование экономических механизмов
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2017.
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Dadaboyeva M.M. Kichik biznesning iqtisodiy samaradorligini oshirish
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https://lex.uz/acts/-1745082#-1745154
