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UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEMS OF GRADUATES OF HIGHER
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN UZBEKISTAN
Mannobkhojayev Mukhibullokhoja Mansurkhoja
Tashkent International University of financial management and technology
Student of the direction of Economics - networks and fields
Tel:+998905660317, mannobxojayevmuxibulloxoja@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14779359
Annotation:
this article tried to give graduates of higher educational
institutions in Uzbekistan wider coverage of the conditions being created, as
well as problems and shortcomings in employment.
Keywords:
youth, unemployment, education, employer, personnel.
The socio-economic stability and progress of each state depends, first of all,
on the effectiveness of the educational system and the ability of graduates to find
a worthy place in society. In Uzbekistan, large-scale reforms are being
implemented in the training of qualified specialists in higher education
institutions. But the issue of graduates finding their place in the labor market
remains an urgent problem.
Unemployment has a negative impact on the development of society, not
only as an economic but also as a social problem. Today, the lack of
harmonization of demand and supply in the labor market of young people who
have completed higher education, their problems in acquiring modern
professional skills, as well as the limitation of vacancies in certain regions
further increase the importance of this issue.
The main goal of this topic is to analyze the reasons for the unemployment
of graduates, develop proposals for solutions to the problem and deeper
coverage of the state's policies in this area.
We know that the issue of personnel is an equally relevant topic for all
states, and sometimes the further fate of states is assessed on this indicator.
Many new projects are being established in Uzbekistan to adapt the training
structure of personnel to modern, socio-economic requirements and to form
them as a competitive frame in the world market. But in some areas, the
unemployment rate is increasing due to lack of personnel, lack of experience or
incompatibility of existing skills and education. Uzbekistan has 214,000
graduated young people in 2023-2024, and unfortunately 41% of them are in
official employment. According to the official information, there are 1 million
300 thousand unemployed in Uzbekistan, and this year again
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2 million 400 thousand inhabitants enter the labor market. This, in addition
to creating a competitive environment in the labor market, can also create an
economic crisis in the next five years.
In the ranking of countries with low unemployment, the state of Qatar leads
ATI by 0.1 percent. Uzbekistan has 5.8 percent unemployment as of November 1,
2024. Compared to other countries, Uzbekistan's average unemployment rate is
lower than the world average. [54-65 P.]
International experience: in the Swiss state, the unversities attach
importance to the development of the skills of their graduates that meet the
requirements of the labor market. In the South Korean state, however, there is
deep cooperation between unversibility and technology companies, and the
government funds employment and startups. Reduces the unemployment rate
through various inpatient invasions that flow into the country. [120-130 P.]
1. Systematization of education in universities according to the procedures
and rules established by employers:
Many higher education institutions in Uzbekistan have not yet fully
implemented the possibilities of adaptation in terms of personal requirements
or areas in the training of personnel. If universities establish close cooperation
with employers, educational programs will be more in line with the
requirements of the job market. On the basis of existing practices and updates,
more specific guidelines are created for teachers and students. Such a system
encourages employers to actively participate in the process of training
personnel, which not only increases the quality of personnel, but also provides
the opportunity to provide jobs.
2. Training of personnel based on orders:
This proposal can be very useful for the system of training personnel in the
professions required by employers, especially in cases where there is a shortage
of personnel in certain areas. This prevents excessive staffing in one area of
training based on orders.
3. Introduction of various scholarships by the employer:
By radically changing the personnel readiness system, the leader can direct
young people to support the industry in which they are luring by sorting out and
creating some of their data. At the same time brings the relationship between
the employer and graduates closer. [85-92 P.]
By strengthening cooperation, adapting the education system to the job
market and integrating the graduates and labor market, and introducing the
training of personnel on the basis of orders into systematic practice, the
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unemployment rate can be reduced. The problem of unemployment of graduates
of higher educational institutions in Uzbekistan arises as a result of the
discrepancy between the educational system and the labor market in the
country. This problem is explained by the difficulties of graduates in finding a
job in their specialty, insufficient professional skills and practical experience, as
well as shortcomings in the training of personnel corresponding to the
requirements of employers.
List of literature used:
1. Karimov І І. A., Uzbekistan's own path to independence and development.,
Tashkent: Uzbekistan, 1997. – 54-65 b.
2. Abdurahmanov Q., Labor market economics., Tashkent: East, 2010. – 120-130
b.
3. Ganiyev Z., Problems of education and economic development in Uzbekistan.,
Tashkent., 2015. – 85-92 b.
4. Decree Of The President Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan., On youth
empowerment., Tashkent: presidential press service, 2023.
5. Proposals in the fields of employment and entrepreneurship were discussed.,
08.01.2024. Url: https://president.uz/uz/lists/view/6960.
