ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
69
LEGAL FOUNDATIONS FOR FORMING CONSTITUTIONAL
KNOWLEDGE IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF UZBEKISTAN
Usenova Gulnaz Islamovna
Teacher of History and Law, Karakalpak Academic
Lyceum of the Republic of Uzbekistan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15542774
Introduction
In the process of building a legal, democratic, and social state in the
Republic of Uzbekistan, enhancing citizens' constitutional knowledge and legal
culture holds significant importance. The Constitution serves as a solid
guarantee of the country’s independence, the peaceful life of its people, and the
protection of citizens' rights, freedoms, and interests. The education system
functions as the main platform for developing such knowledge. The formation of
constitutional knowledge not only increases legal literacy but also serves as an
integral part of the state-building process, ensuring active civic participation.
This, in turn, lays the foundation for the stable development of society and the
enforcement of the rule of law.
Constitutional foundations and principles.
The Constitution of the
Republic of Uzbekistan, in its new edition, consists of 6 sections, 27 chapters,
and 155 articles, and has the highest legal force throughout the entire territory
of the country, applying directly. It forms the basis of the legal foundations in the
field of education. Article 41 of the Constitution guarantees that everyone has
the right to education; free general secondary education is provided by the state,
and school activities are under state control [1]. This provision means that
educational institutions are controlled by the state regardless of the form of
ownership. Additionally, according to Article 42, everyone is granted the
freedom of scientific and technical creativity and the right to use cultural
achievements, and the state is tasked with taking care of the cultural, scientific,
and technical development of society.
The Constitution in its new edition, adopted through a nationwide
referendum on April 30, 2023, has strengthened the constitutional foundations
for building the "New Uzbekistan." This, in turn, requires that all reforms in the
education system be implemented under updated constitutional and legal
conditions. The adoption of the new Constitution is not merely an update of a
legal document but a fundamental change aimed at further strengthening the
priority of constitutional principles in all areas of state policy, including
education.
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
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Legal documents in the field of education and their implementation.
Legal documents play an important role in forming constitutional knowledge
within the education system. The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On
Education" (No. O‘RQ-637), adopted on September 23, 2020, is the main
document regulating the current education system. This Law consists of 11
chapters and 75 articles, and includes significant amendments and additions
compared to the previous Law of 1997 [2]. The adoption of the new "On
Education" Law is a strategic step aimed at modernizing legal relations in the
field of education and bringing them closer to international standards. It creates
a stronger and more modern legal basis for integrating constitutional knowledge
into educational programs. The updating of the old law is a systematic reform
intended to adapt the education sector to new socio-economic conditions, take
into account international experiences, and meet future development needs.
Decrees and resolutions of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan also
serve the development of constitutional education. In particular, the Presidential
Decree dated January 4, 2001, "On the Organization of the Study of the
Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan," established the introduction of a
"Special Course on the Study of the Constitution" in all educational institutions.
This aims to convey the essence, significance, and meaning of the Constitution to
citizens [3].
Additionally, the Program of Measures for Enhancing Legal Awareness and
Legal Culture in Society, approved by Resolution No. PQ-4540 dated December
13, 2019, aims to foster a sense of respect for the Constitution and laws among
every citizen and official. Within the framework of this program, it is planned to
create textbooks such as
“Alphabet of the Constitution”
,
“Lessons of the
Constitution”
, and
“Foundations of the Constitution”
for general education
schools, and to introduce minimum requirements for teaching legal knowledge
about rights, freedoms, and obligations in educational institutions.
The
“Uzbekistan — 2030”
strategy, approved by Decree No. PF-158 dated
September 11, 2023, envisions implementing education system reforms under
the updated constitutional and legal conditions. The consistent and targeted
adoption of presidential decrees and Cabinet of Ministers’ resolutions
demonstrates a commitment to creating a unified, continuous, and multi-stage
system for shaping constitutional knowledge. This is not merely a set of isolated
measures but a strategic direction aimed at ensuring that legal culture takes
deep root within the education system.
ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
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Conclusion
The formation of constitutional knowledge in the education system of
Uzbekistan is based on a solid legal foundation, reflected in the Constitution
itself, the Law "On Education," presidential decrees and resolutions, as well as
decisions of the Cabinet of Ministers. The "Special Course on the Study of the
Constitution," introduced since 2001, programs for enhancing legal culture in
2019, and the adoption of the new edition of the Constitution in 2023
demonstrate the consistency of state policy in this direction. Measures aimed at
creating age-appropriate textbooks and improving the qualifications of teaching
staff play an important role in raising legal awareness and culture.
To further improve constitutional education in the future, the following
proposals and recommendations are put forward:
Actively involve parents in the educational process and develop
methodological recommendations to increase their legal literacy.
Thoroughly study international experiences in legal education and adapt
them to national conditions, particularly by improving the credit-modular
system and extensively using information and communication technologies.
Continuously monitor the effectiveness of constitutional education and
strengthen mechanisms for its updating in accordance with societal needs.
Improving constitutional education should be not only a legal measure but
also a continuous and dynamic process involving all segments of society. This
requires deepening cooperation between the state and society in shaping legal
culture. The education system should not be limited to laws alone; approaches
aimed at effectively instilling constitutional knowledge should be practical,
enriched with real-life examples, and utilize modern technologies.
References:
1.
Farg‘ona viloyati yuridik texnikumi. (2022). O‘zbekiston Respublikasi
Konstitutsiyasi – ta’lim va taraqqiyotning kafolati: Respublika ilmiy-amaliy
konferensiyasi materiallari.
2.
http://fyut.uz/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/RESPUBLIKA-ILMIY-
AMALIY-KONFERENSIYASI-MATERIALLARI.pdf
3.
Republic of Uzbekistan. (2020). Law on Education, September 23, No.
O‘RQ–637. https://lex.uz/docs/5013007
4.
Xusanov, O. T. (2013). Konstitutsiyaviy huquq [Darslik]. Toshkent davlat
yuridik universiteti.
