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REGIONAL ASPECTS OF EPTIMIZATION, PREVENTION AND
TREATMENT OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AMONG THE ADULT
POPULATION OF UZBEKISTAN
Mamasoliyev N.S.
Ganiev B.
Toshmatov B.A.
Andijan State Medical Institute and RRCEM AB, Andijan, Uzbekistan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13120305
The epidemiological aspects and main indicators of bronchial asthma (BA)
incidence were studied in some regions (oblasts) of Uzbekistan. By analyzing the
results on a representative sample of the adult population (768 people),
innovations were proposed that contribute to the optimization of preventive
services in real clinical practice with medical, economic and therapeutic effects.
As a result of the work, we came to the following conclusion:
1. In general, in the Republic of Uzbekistan in recent years there has been a
decrease in the prevalence of respiratory diseases per 100,000 population (-
2.5%). Also during the study period, a decrease in the prevalence of bronchial
asthma (BA) was noted both in absolute numbers (- 0.1%) and per 100,000
population (- 3.0%). In addition, a decrease in the incidence of BA and
respiratory diseases was noted both in absolute numbers (- 16.3% and - 1.9%,
respectively) and per 100,000 population (- 18.7 and 4.8%, respectively). An
unfavorable situation in the prevalence of BA is typical for the city of Tashkent,
Andijan, Jizzakh, Kashkadarya, Tashkent, Khorezm regions. An unfavorable
situation with regard to the incidence of asthma is typical for the Andijan,
Kashkadarya, Surkhandarya, Fergana, Khorezm regions and the Republic of
Karakalpakstan.
2. On average, RF were observed in 11% of patients. The least favorable
situation for RF among patients with bronchial asthma was in Tashkent and the
Syrdarya region. The most favorable was in the Fergana region.
3. The main problem leading to irrational prescriptions are physician
errors in interpreting the severity of the patient's condition. For example,
according to GINA recommendations, patients diagnosed with mild intermittent
bronchial asthma are prescribed only SABA, however, physicians in the RU who
assessed the patient's condition as the mildest course of bronchial asthma
prescribed GCS to such patients in 13% of cases, GCS in combination with LABA
in 16%, and 16% of such patients used oral GCS daily. Among patients with mild
persistent bronchial asthma, 68% did not receive GCS, but at the same time, 5%
were prescribed LABA without GCS, and 3% of patients received oral GCS. With
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moderate bronchial asthma, 25% of patients did not receive GCS, only 15
patients received combination therapy (both GCS and LABA), but along with this,
12 patients also took oral GCS. Among patients with severe BA, 8% of patients
did not receive GCS, combination therapy accounted for only 21% of cases, and
54% received oral GCS. The analysis allowed us to conclude that among the
studied patients with BA, only 46.2% of cases received pharmacotherapy that
complied with GINA requirements.
4. The most effective way to optimize the treatment of bronchial asthma among
the adult population of the regions of Uzbekistan is the compliance of prescribed
drugs and doses with GINA requirements.
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