216
Цифровые технологии в системе публично-правовых (государственно-правовых) отношений
О. Ю. Латышев,
доктор педагогических наук, кандидат филологических наук,
академик (действительный член) Международных академий: социальных
технологий (МАС), естествознания (МАЕ), детско-юношеского туризма
и краеведения имени А. А. Остапца-Свешникова (МАДЮТК),
член-корреспондент Международной академии
психологических наук (МАПН), профессор университета «Сайпрес»,
профессор, президент Российской академии естествознания
М. Луизетто,
доктор фармацевтических наук, почетный вице-президент,
Международная Мариинская академия имени М. Д. Шаповаленко
Г. Ибрагим,
доктор медицинских наук, почетный вице-президент, Международная
Мариинская академия имени М. Д. Шаповаленко; профессор,
Александрийский университет
ПРАВОВОЙ СТАТУС ЛИЧНОСТИ В ЭПОХУ
ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ
Аннотация.
Цель работы: изучение цифровой трансформации конституци-
онно-правового статуса личности. Объект работы: цифровая трансформация кон-
ституционно-правового статуса личности. Предмет работы: исследование цифро-
вой трансформации конституционно-правового статуса личности. Практическая
значимость состоит в полезности проведенного исследования и полученных в ре-
зультате этого исследования данных для построения образовательных программ
в области юриспруденции, составления курсов лекций по различным правовым
дисциплинам, написания программ спецкурсов и т. д. Методологическая основа ра-
боты: в основу данного исследования положены работы А. В. Агеевой, Т. Адорно,
В. И. Аршинова, У. Бека, Д. Белла, Ж. Бодрийяра, Е. В. Галаниной, Ф. Гваттари,
С. В. Девятовой, Ж. Делеза, П. Друкера, В. П. Казарян, А. Г. Капустиной,
М. Кастельса, Д. Коэна, Г. В. Красноцветова, К. Лэйтан, Л. В. Мироновой,
Э. Мэйнарда, Н. А. Носова, М. Портера, А. С. Салина, Б. Б. Славина, Дж. Стиглица,
Е. Е. Трещевой, Ю. Хабермаса, Ф. Хейлинга, Дж. Хепельмана, С. С. Хоружия,
Г. А. Чеджемова, К. Шваба, Э. Шмидта и др. авторов.
Ключевые слова
:
право, цифровые технологии, правовой статус лично-
сти, телекоммуникации, Интернет, Сеть, информационно-коммуникационные
технологии
LEGAL STATUS OF THE PERSON IN THE AGE
OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Abstract.
The purpose of the work: the study of the digital transformation of the
constitutional and legal status of the individual. Object of work: digital transformation of
the constitutional and legal status of the individual. Subject of work: study of the digital
transformation of the constitutional and legal status of the individual. The practical signif-
icance lies in the usefulness of the study and the data obtained as a result of this study for
217
Цифровые технологии в системе публично-правовых (государственно-правовых) отношений
building educational programs in the field of jurisprudence, compiling lecture courses in
various legal disciplines, writing programs for special courses, etc. Methodological basis
of the work: this study is based on the works of A. V. Ageeva, T. Adorno, V. I. Arshinov,
W. Beck, D. Bell, J. Baudrillard, E. V. Galanina, F. Guattari, S. V. Devyatova, J. Deleuze,
P. Drucker, V. P. Kazaryan, A. G. Kapustina, M. Castells, D. Cohen and other authors.
Keywords
: Law, Digital technologies, Legal status of a person,
Telecommunications, Internet, Network, Information and communication
technologies
Introduction.
The relevance of the topic stems from the current social situation
in the Russian Federation and the member countries of the Union of Independent States
located on the territory of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, where the
digital transformation of the constitutional and legal status of the individual and its doc-
umentary support is taking place at a fairly high pace.
At the same time, the traditions of the daily activities of the prosecution authorities of
the Russian Federation are undergoing a significant transformation, while the mutual as-
sistance of prosecutors from various settlements is being strengthened through their active
use of information and communication technologies and advanced information systems.
Modern realities of social development relate, among other things, to the issues of
switching off Instagram and Facebook (
recognized as extremist organizations. Banned
in the Russian Federation. – Editor’s note
), in which millions of citizens of the Russian
Federation, as well as legal entities registered in Russia, opened their accounts and used
them for a number of years.
From this moment on, every citizen of the Russian Federation or organization will
have to make cardinal decisions about how to make up for the lost results of their many
years of work in these networks.
Moreover, it is necessary to understand what other network tools can be used on
the site of Instagram and Facebook to solve commercial, scientific, educational prob-
lems, as well as the activities of public organizations.
The problematic topic of the digital transformation of the constitutional and legal
status of the individual is currently exacerbated by the long-term self-isolation regime
due to the emergence of the coronavirus pandemic, which has been significantly chang-
ing the face of the modern world for a year and a half.
This prevents the full flow of the process of digital transformation of the constitu-
tional and legal status of the individual in the Russian Federation due to the emergence
of numerous physical obstacles.
In view of the emergence of a comprehensive need to build a civil society, the
timely study of the process of digital transformation of the constitutional and legal status
of an individual acquires special significance.
The degree of development of the topic: this topic was the object of attention
of a significant number of scientific organizations and institutions. However, the rapid
development of the social situation and the force majeure circumstances included in it
constantly prompts us to look for new effective solutions where traditional views and
algorithms lose their inherent effectiveness.
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Цифровые технологии в системе публично-правовых (государственно-правовых) отношений
The problem at the heart of the work: further, more and more in-depth study of the
digital transformation of the constitutional and legal status of the individual.
The purpose of the work: the study of the digital transformation of the constitution-
al and legal status of the individual.
Work tasks.
Consider the theoretical foundations of the constitutional and legal
status of a person in a digital telecommunications environment.
Determine the most acceptable doctrinal and legislative approaches to determin-
ing the constitutional and legal status of an individual in a digital telecommunications
environment.
To study the trends in the formation of the conceptual and categorical apparatus
when fixing the constitutional and legal status of an individual in a digital telecommu-
nications environment.
Consider the key elements of the constitutional and legal status of the individual in
the digital telecommunications environment.
Determine what exactly is the need for digital transformation of the constitutional
and legal status of the individual.
Consider the legitimate interests and legal risks of an individual in a digital tele-
communications environment.
Determine the duties and responsibilities of the individual in the digital telecom-
munications environment.
To study the dynamics of the constitutional and legal status of an individual in
a digital telecommunications environment.
Determine the conditions, methods and consequences of the acquisition and termi-
nation of the constitutional and legal status of an individual in a digital telecommunica-
tions environment.
Determine the factors, forms and criteria for the transformation of the constitution-
al and legal status of an individual in a digital telecommunications environment.
To specify the constitutional and legal status of the individual in law enforcement
practice.
Object of work: digital transformation of the constitutional and legal status of the
individual.
Subject of work: study of the digital transformation of the constitutional and legal
status of the individual.
The practical significance lies in the usefulness of the study and the data obtained
as a result of this study for building educational programs in the field of jurisprudence,
compiling lecture courses in various legal disciplines, writing programs for special
courses, etc.
Methodological basis of the work: this study is based on the works of A. V. Ageeva,
T. Adorno, V. I. Arshinov, W. Beck, D. Bell, J. Baudrillard, E. V. Galanina, F. Guattari,
S. V. Devyatova, J. Deleuze, P. Drucker, V. P. Kazaryan, A. G. Kapustina, M. Castells,
D. Cohen, G. V. Krasnotsvetova, K. Leytan, L. V. Mironova, E. Maynard, N. A. Nosov,
M. Porter, A. S. Salin, B. B. Slavin, J. Stiglitz, E. E. Treshcheva, J. Habermas, F. Heiling,
J. Hepelman, S. S. Khoruzhya, G. A. Chedzhemova, K. Shvab, E. Schmidt and other
authors.
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Цифровые технологии в системе публично-правовых (государственно-правовых) отношений
Methods: analysis of scientific literature, synthesis, comparison, collation, gener-
alization, bibliographic method.
The main part of the article.
Doctrinal approaches to determining the constitution-
al and legal status of a person in a digital telecommunications environment at the moment
need to be significantly improved from the point of view of the existence of a modern
subject of activity in a digital telecommunications environment. The state of legal un-
certainty, in which the digital telecommunications environment continues to function at
the present time, greatly contributes to the assertion of the natural rights characteristic of
this environment in accordance with agreements that are not changed by any of the users
joining them. At the same time, the progressive development of the digital telecommuni-
cations environment encourages us to take a responsible approach to solving the issue of
establishing legal certainty in this virtual space. Moreover, given that in the near future,
in many respects, the digital telecommunications environment will be able to prevail
over the multiple forms of relationships that develop in the real world, this is all the more
necessary. In addition, it should be remembered that if the digital telecommunications
environment is not promptly placed within a certain legal framework, over time it will
independently begin to dictate its own conditions to the real world.
The basis of communication, and at the same time also the transfer of information
and the simultaneous progressive implementation of almost all types of diverse social
interactions also accepted in the real world, arise on the Internet.
The global telecommunications network is a cross-border distributed structure that
goes beyond the jurisdiction of the Russian state, and at the same time is not subject to
the uniform international legal regulation that currently exists.
With regard to the organization of legal regulation, which is so necessary at the
moment, this determines the concept of the so-called distributed (common) responsi-
bility, whose meaning is to combine the efforts of companies operating in the network
industry to ensure the rights and freedoms of Internet users.
Along with this, the concept of shared responsibility should have a direct bearing
on the governments of various countries of the world, law enforcement officers, as well
as all civil society.
At the same time, the concept of distributed responsibility of users, applied in or-
der to ensure the safe functioning of the digital environment, should not allow a decrease
in the level of guarantees for the implementation of the constitutional and legal status of
an individual.
If responsibility is distributed too broadly, N. Luhmann believes, it becomes prob-
lematic to find real subjects who are able to bear responsibility in a clearly defined
amount in very specific cases.
In some cases, this can be hindered by complex multi-subject social interaction, as
a result of which the value of the digital environment is determined by the number and
activity of the entire set of authors involved in network processes.
However, it should be understood that the abundance of such entities may entail
additional difficulties that may arise in the process of introducing certain legal restric-
tions, for example, aimed at identifying and authenticating each entity participating in
the development of the digital environment.
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At the same time, it should be noted that considering the digital telecommunica-
tions environment as a special self-developing social structure can significantly update
the process of using a wide range of modern sociological and philosophical studies by
domestic and world legal science;
At the same time, the position of a system that has signs of autopoiesis on the basis
that it reproduces all the elementary parts traditionally belonging to it becomes charac-
teristic for the digital telecommunication environment [7].
The trends in the formation of a conceptual and categorical apparatus when consol-
idating the constitutional and legal status of an individual in a digital telecommunications
environment consist mainly in the fact that the rapid development of technologies is signifi-
cantly ahead of the capabilities of the traditionally existing legal system of the country and
the world, which by all means demonstrates its complete unpreparedness to establish the
most adequate legal regulation virtual world. At the same time, it is in the digital telecom-
munications environment that an increasing number of forms of activity of subjects of law
are currently taking place, which to an increasing extent remains unregulated by the modern
legal system, which carries the risk of violating the subjective rights of Internet users with-
out the possibility of using the state mechanism for their protection. Indeed, in this case,
it is necessary to maintain a balance between the personal interests of each citizen of the
Russian Federation and the direct interests of the Russian state in such a way that the imple-
mentation of the former does not violate the latter. If the user of the digital telecommunica-
tions environment, on his own initiative, signs agreements on the rules for using a particular
site that are not in the legal field, then in this case there is a risk of committing more and
more illegal actions on his part. And, on the contrary, if a citizen of the Russian Federation,
having experienced for some reason a feeling of dissatisfaction as a result of working on
a certain site, asks for legal support from the state. As yet remains unknown. Whether the
mechanism of this support is really so well designed in order to satisfy all the claims of this
dissatisfied user of the digital telecommunications environment with any services.
The rights and freedoms that can arise and be realized in the digital telecommunica-
tions environment still have a long way to go. The stability of the traditions of exercising
rights and freedoms in accordance with modern Russian legislation in many ways helps,
but sometimes also hinders the successful implementation of the process of establishing
a digital telecommunications environment as a clearly defined legal space for unambig-
uously law-abiding actions of all subjects involved in its development. Unambiguous
assistance from the modern legal system to the formation of the legal space of the digital
telecommunications environment occurs due to the fact that rights in the real and virtual
world must have the property of continuity. At the same time, the obstacle on the part of
the modern legal system to the formation of the legal space of the digital telecommuni-
cations environment lies mainly in the fact that not all rights and freedoms implemented
in the real world sufficiently take into account the features of the virtual world and the
relations of subjects in it. Legitimate interests in the digital telecommunications envi-
ronment are the subject of a long and intense debate.
For example, in the process of considering the relationship between the concepts
of “freedom” and “human rights”, E. A. Kazaryan seems appropriate to argue that it
seems necessary to name the opportunity provided by the state as law.
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Цифровые технологии в системе публично-правовых (государственно-правовых) отношений
At the same time, freedom, unlike law, has a much greater variability, and provides
an opportunity for each citizen to choose one of the predetermined behavior options, as
the researcher seems [3. P. 337].
From the point of view of the aforementioned researcher E. A. Kazaryan, the con-
cepts of rights and freedoms, for all their similarity, still differ significantly in the way
they are implemented and the time of occurrence, which is a reason for serious reflection.
It should be noted that it is precisely such conditions mentioned above in the dig-
ital telecommunications environment, as the method of implementation and the time of
occurrence, that most actively contribute to a significant convergence of the concepts of
rights and freedoms.
This is due to the fact that the main way of realizing opportunities, as well as
the time of their occurrence, are in a state of fairly stable and inextricable connection
with access to the digital telecommunications environment and the functional features
characteristic of its internal organization.
At the same time, it should be understood that the concept of opportunities finds its
rather purposeful application in the process of determining both the rights and freedoms
that must be strictly implemented in the digital telecommunications environment.
In this regard, it seems possible to argue that the relatively recently formed concept
of “digital rights” must necessarily include at the same time the concept of freedoms
for full implementation in the process of interaction of various subjects in the digital
telecommunications environment [3. P. 339].
There is an abundance of extremely diverse opinions of domestic and foreign
scientists about the timely and most acceptable expression of legitimate interests in the
digital telecommunications environment. In the process of personal self-realization in the
digital telecommunications environment, there are also certain legal risks arising from
the uncertainty and insufficient stability of the conceptual apparatus in this area. The
main difficulty in this case lies in the relative “youth” of the digital telecommunications
environment as such, and at the same time, the resulting unpreparedness of traditional
jurisprudence for a dialogue with new realities. At the same time, the formation of
completely independent social foundations within the digital telecommunications
environment is proceeding at a fairly rapid pace, and the unwillingness or unpreparedness
of the existing legal system for a dialogue with these relations can turn out to be
deplorable for its own state. As a result of the progressive improvement of the digital
telecommunications environment and the formation of user habits, millions of its civic
and initiative users may end up unwilling on the part of the latter to somehow support
the existence of the traditional legal system of the Russian Federation.
Legitimate interests in the digital telecommunications environment have not ceased
to be the subject of a long and intense discussion for a significant period of time. This
discussion directly affects the numerous interests of the authors of modern legislative
initiatives, law enforcers, and, at the same time, users of the digital telecommunications
environment. There is an abundance of extremely diverse opinions of domestic and foreign
scientists about the timely and most acceptable expression of legitimate interests in the
digital telecommunications environment. In the process of versatile self-realization of
the individual in the digital telecommunications environment, there are also certain legal
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Цифровые технологии в системе публично-правовых (государственно-правовых) отношений
risks arising from the uncertainty and insufficient stability of the conceptual apparatus
in this area. At the same time, it must be remembered that over time, the number of such
legal risks will progressively increase if the legitimate interests of users of the digital
telecommunications environment do not become an object of close attention from the
authors of modern legislative initiatives.
Considering the ways of development of the institution of law in the conditions
of digital reality, T. Ya. Khabrieva and N. N. Chernogor express the conviction that
“under the conditions of intensive“ digitalization ”, the sphere of legal regulation is
being modified.
It should be noted that certain provisions of the codified acts of the Russian
Federation are directly used in the process of developing the constitutional and legal status
of the subject. So, for example, the content of the text of the article in 6.17 “Violation of
the legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of children from information
harmful to their health and (or) development” of the Code of Administrative Offenses of
the Russian Federation establishes certain sanctions against persons who organize access
to information, distributed through information and telecommunication networks.
The exception is communication operators providing such communication services,
because they sign contracts with their customers for the provision of communication
services, which they conclude in writing.
Thus, this title document suggests that the potential for committing a similar
offense is present in almost any individual, official and legal entity.
At the same time, the content of the text of Article 1233 “Disposition of the
Exclusive Right” of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation establishes the possibility
of the right holder to declare that he provides any individuals and legal entities with the
opportunity to use, free of charge, a certain organic set of works of science created by
him and, accordingly, belonging to him, works of science, literature or art.
In addition, it also establishes the right holder’s ability to declare that he provides
any individuals and legal entities with the opportunity to use the object of related rights
free of charge on the conditions determined by him.
At the same time, the copyright holder determines the term for the use of the above
values, and all such information is subject to placement on the official website of the
federal executive div on the Internet.
Conducting a theoretical study in the field of the subject of law, S. I. Arkhipov
considers it necessary to state that in the process of acquiring and terminating
a constitutional legal status, it is important to determine the correlations of the rights and
obligations of subjects, which actualizes the problem of their categorization by types
and functions.
Any status, first of all, divides the subjects of law (into types, groups); its essential
side, the main aspect characterizing it, is the moment of distinction, opposition of subjects
of law, which in general does not correspond to the idea, the main purpose of law [5. P. 96].
Exploring the ways of realizing the legitimate interests of proactive Internet users,
M. E. Cheremisinova expresses her deep conviction that all subjects of legal relations
that develop in the digital telecommunications environment are in a state of close
interconnection [6. P. 120].
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Цифровые технологии в системе публично-правовых (государственно-правовых) отношений
Having paid considerable attention to the consideration of various aspects of the
functioning of law in a digital reality, the above-mentioned researchers T. Ya. Khabrieva
and N. N. Chernogor consider it their duty to conclude that “the study of legal processes
in the Internet allows us to identify a trend in the transformation of the legal statuses
of subjects associated with the acquisition of new rights, additional opportunities for
their implementation, as well as with the strengthening of the role and importance of
subjects, the introduction of restrictions and the combination of different legal statuses,
which is a consequence, and possibly the reason for the formation of cyclical legal
arrays” [5. P. 96] .
The duties of every citizen of the Russian Federation are a consequence of his
rights. Or the presence of a right in one subject of law turns into the presence of an
obligation in another citizen of the Russian Federation. In any case, the interconnection
of the rights and obligations of each Russian Federation remains quite close. In the same
way, without the executors of duties, the holders of any rights cannot arise, and without
the holders of these rights, the executors of duties directly or indirectly arising from this
circle of rights cannot appear. At the same time, it should be noted that for the most part,
the rights and obligations of citizens of the Russian Federation are in a state of fairly
clear correlation. Therefore, the failure of anyone to fulfill their direct duties may lead
to the fact that the rights of any citizen of the Russian Federation will not be able to be
implemented in a timely manner and in full. Among other things, it is also necessary
to remember that in an era when the digital telecommunications environment begins to
prevail over what is happening in the real world, the legal foundations of the real world
must be refracted in a special way in relation to users of the virtual space.
At the moment, the algorithm for acquiring and terminating the constitutional and
legal status of an individual in the digital telecommunications environment is at the
stage of active formation. This is facilitated by fairly rapid changes that regularly occur
in domestic legislation. In some cases, this leads to the fact that at a certain moment the
algorithm for acquiring and terminating the constitutional and legal status of an individual
in the digital telecommunications environment is already beginning to acquire the quality
of stability, but new changes in the legislation again encourage us to start bringing various
legal norms into line with each other. Therefore, the guarantor of the balance of stability
in the field of establishing an algorithm for acquiring and terminating the constitutional
and legal status of a person in a digital telecommunications environment can be precisely
the idea of
the authors of modern legislative initiatives about when it is most reasonable
to stop in the ongoing changes of numerous legislative acts so that their end user still has
time apply them in reality. Otherwise, the domestic legislative system may irrevocably
lose credibility with the vast majority of citizens of the Russian Federation, and the
number of applications to foreign courts to resolve numerous contentious issues will
constantly increase more and more. As a result, the level of legal nihilism, which the
Russian authorities are quite rightly trying to combat at the moment, will also increase
at a much higher rate than such issues will be resolved. Moreover, the number of illegal
actions will also increase not only in the virtual environment, but also in real life, since
the rule of algorithmization of actions performed by citizens of the Russian Federation
will come into effect, both in the virtual environment and, at the same time, in real space.
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Цифровые технологии в системе публично-правовых (государственно-правовых) отношений
According to Y. Kurbaliyya, the unprecedentedness of the Internet, which arose
as a given in 1993, at that time did not yet allow relying on legislative realities as
a regulating principle in the field of relations formed on the network.
This brought to life the fact that the regulation of relations that arose within the
digital telecommunications environment was mainly based on the results of the then
existing judicial practice.
In the nineties of the last century, the relations of the subjects of the digital
telecommunications environment were considered within the framework of case law,
since it was otherwise difficult to find a regulatory principle [4. P. 198].
Thanks to this, every citizen of the Russian Federation acquires a valuable
opportunity to constantly be convinced of the legality and timeliness of decisions taken
by the prosecution authorities of the Russian Federation.
Conclusion.
In the course of this study, its goal was achieved: a study of the digital
transformation of the constitutional and legal status of the individual took place.
To achieve the above goal, the following work tasks were set and successfully
solved:
The theoretical foundations of the constitutional and legal status of the individual
in the digital telecommunications environment are considered.
The most acceptable doctrinal and legislative approaches to determining the
constitutional and legal status of a person in a digital telecommunications environment
are determined.
The trends in the formation of the conceptual and categorical apparatus in the process
of fixing the constitutional and legal status of a person in a digital telecommunications
environment are studied.
The key elements of the constitutional and legal status of the individual in the
digital telecommunications environment are considered.
It is determined what exactly is the need for digital transformation of the
constitutional and legal status of the individual.
The legitimate interests and legal risks of the individual in the digital
telecommunications environment are considered.
The duties and responsibilities of the individual in the digital telecommunications
environment are determined.
The dynamics of the constitutional and legal status of the individual in the digital
telecommunications environment has been studied.
The conditions, methods and consequences of the acquisition and termination of the
constitutional and legal status of a person in a digital telecommunications environment
are determined. The factors, forms and criteria for the transformation of the constitutional
and legal status of a person in a digital telecommunications environment are determined.
The concretization of the constitutional and legal status of the individual in judicial
practice and the activities of the prosecutor’s office has been made.
The object of the work done was the digital transformation of the constitutional
and legal status of the individual. In turn, the subject of the work was designated directly
as a study of the digital transformation of the constitutional and legal status of the
individual. The methodological basis of this study is based on the works of prominent
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Цифровые технологии в системе публично-правовых (государственно-правовых) отношений
scientists A. V. Ageeva, T. Adorno, V. I. Arshinov, W. Beck, D. Bell, J. Baudrillard,
E. V. Galanina, F. Guattari, S. V. Devyatova, J. Deleuze, P. Drucker, V. P. Kazaryan,
A. G. Kapustina, M. Castells, D. Cohen, G. V. Krasnotsvetov, K. Latan, L. V. Mironova,
E Maynard, N. A. Nosov, M. Porter, A. S. Salin, B. B. Slavin, J. Stiglitz, E. E. Treshcheva,
Y. Habermas, F. Heiling, J. Hepelman, S. S. Khoruzhya, G. A. Chedzhemova, K. Shvab,
E. Schmidt and other authors.
During the study, the following methods were applied: analysis of scientific
literature, synthesis, comparison, comparison, generalization, bibliographic method.
Factors that in one way or another contribute to the transformation of the constitutional
and legal status of the individual in the digital telecommunications environment are
quite multifaceted and massive. The leading of them should be called the current state
of the domestic legislative system, which is not always able to take into account all
the forms and criteria of such transformation processes generally accepted in everyday
practice. The insufficient preparedness of legal tools to accept as a given the realities
that are already quite firmly entrenched in broad everyday practice, unfortunately, does
not allow for the unambiguous correct development of modern domestic legislation in
this area. As a result, the reality in its unformed relations in a number of cases is largely
ahead of the existing Russian legislation, which will still need a lot of time and other
resources for the timely implementation of significant and multifaceted changes.
It seems fundamentally important to specify the constitutional and legal status of
the individual in judicial practice and the activities of the prosecutor’s office. As a result
of considering the problem posed in this study, it seems appropriate to believe that the
concretization of the constitutional and legal status of the individual in modern Russian
law enforcement practice can play a decisive role in the fate of the further formation of
relations between subjects that are increasingly exercising their rights and obligations in
digital telecommunications. Environment. Every day, with increasing certainty, it seems
possible to conclude that insufficiently pronounced expression or even a complete lack
of concretization of the constitutional and legal status of an individual in law enforce-
ment practice will not become a reason for users of the digital telecommunications envi-
ronment to refuse to use new information and communication technologies to solve their
everyday issues. On the contrary, even in the case of a complete lack of legal certainty
within the digital telecommunications environment, many of its users will be more will-
ing to accept agreements on the use of a particular information system “as is”, at their
own peril and risk, rather than replacing it with more legally enforceable tools. , but not
having similar degrees of organizational and technological excellence. Therefore, the
authors of modern legislative initiatives should not aimlessly expect that users of the
digital telecommunications environment will stop carrying out any interesting actions
in it before they acquire the proper level of their fixation in specific legislative acts. In
an effort to postulate the ideals of a legal society, the authors of modern legislative ini-
tiatives must prevent the emergence of all kinds of uncertainties in the digital telecom-
munications environment with their constant developments.
The era of digital transformation to a large extent also affects the interests of the
prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation, allowing the use of the principle of pub-
licity in working with the media.
226
Цифровые технологии в системе публично-правовых (государственно-правовых) отношений
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в Федеральный закон «О связи» и Федеральный закон «Об информации, информа-
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Э. И. Лескина,
кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры информационного права
и цифровых технологий,
Саратовская государственная юридическая академия
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ BIG DATA В ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
ПРАВООХРАНИТЕЛЬНЫХ ОРГАНОВ
Аннотация.
Всеобщая цифровизация, развитие информационного общества,
активное применение информационных технологий публичным и частным сек-
тором предоставляет новые возможности правоохранительным органам. Многие
преступления имеют цифровые следы, по которым противоправные деяния мож-
но предотвратить или раскрыть. В данной статье рассматриваются возможности
внедрения технологии Big Data для предотвращения и раскрытия преступлений,
зарубежный опыт в этой области, направления применения аналитики больших
данных для указанных целей, а также проблемы, которые могут в связи с этим
возникнуть и возможные пути их решения.
Ключевые слова
: большие данные (Big Data), терроризм, профилактика,
профилирование, аналитика данных, преступность, цифровизация, информаци-
онное общество, информационное право
