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A road sign is a sign used to indicate the direction to passengers and drivers. Road signs play an important role in managing roads, regulating traffic flow and ensuring traffic safety. The classification of road markings is usually as follows: Road signs are signs that regulate the direction shown, for example, the right direction, turn right, turn left, level, location, etc. No Weight Limit Signs - Signs indicating weight limits are posted on most trucks, trucks, and cars. Road marking signs - the road can be marked by these signs in the indicated directions. For example, road markings are displayed on city roads and highways. Directional signs - signs that indicate the entrance and exit points to the road, as well as the roads extended from the external road. Temperature symbols - the following symbols are used to describe the temperature, for example, a way station, a temperature symbol, etc. Variable temperature symbols - Unlike basic temperature symbols, these symbols are displayed according to temperature changes. For example, motor temperature, battery temperature, etc. Safety signs - used to describe road safety, such as giving the right direction to multiple vehicles, etc. These classifications may depend on the general classification of road signs, the type and location of their use.

The article studies the influence of manganese oxide on the mineralogical composition of clinker and its activity. It was revealed that when 1% manganese oxide is introduced, the amount of alite decreases slightly, but the number of elongated alite crystals increases, which has a positive effect on the strength characteristics of cement at 28 days of age

Maqolada o‘zbek tilida turlicha nomlar bilan ataladigan shifobaxsh o‘simlik nomlarini lingvistik izohlash, keng omma uchun tushunarli bo‘lgan variantlarni o‘rganish, dorivor o‘simlik nomlarining etimologik tavsiflari xususiyatlari xususida so‘z boradi.

Manbaalar orqali ,biz foydalanuvchilarga elementlaming davriy energiyasini va elektr topishini aniqlash algoritmi va dasturiy ta’minotini ishlab chiqamiz.Maqsadimiz foydalanuvchilarga qulaylik yaratish.

Maqola nogiron o'quvchilaming ta'lim tajribasini yaxshilashga qaratilgan adaptiv texnologiyalami tadqiq qilish va rivojlantirishga qaratilgan. Mualliflar ushbu toifadagi talabalar duch keladigan zamonaviy muammolami ko'rib chiqadilar va axborot texnologiyalariga asoslangan innovatsion echimlami taklif qiladilar.

Ushbu maqolada IT-soha hayotimizda qanchalik kerak ekanligi xususida qisqacha yoritilgan. Bugungi kunda jahonda va mamlakatimizda IT-sohaga kata e’tibor qaratilmoqda. Ushbu soha vakillariga esa talab borgan sari ortib bormoqda. Mamlakatimizda bu sohaning asl mutaxassislari ko’p emas. Shuning uchun hukumatimiz o‘z e’tiborini bu sohani rivojlantirishga, yoshlarni bu sohaga jalb etishga qaratgan. Poytaxtimiz markazida qad ko‘targan va foydalanishga topshirilgan IT-parki ham bu soha mamlakatimizga qanchalik kerakligini ko‘rsatadi.

В данной статье рассказывается о мероприятиях, в жилищно-строительном секторе Республики Узбекистан вопросы адаптации к изменению климата и смягчения его последствий, а также вопросы охраны окружающей среды и энергоэффективности.

The article presents data on the synthesis of a new super plasticizer based on recycled materials. Data on the effect of superplasticizer on the properties of cement compositions (concrete compositions) are given. Revealed of optimal amounts of superplasticizer in mortars sharply increases the mobility of the solution. Reduces the water consumption of mortar and increases the strength of the composition by 15-20%. The paper also presents data on the cost effectiveness of superplasticizer application.

Actuality and demand of the theme of dissertation. The inverse problems of spectral analysis meet in various fields of natural science, for example, in quantum mechanics in determining interatomic forces using known energy levels, in a radio engineering in the synthesis parameters of inhomogeneous transmission lines, in the theory of elasticity in determining cross sections of the joist by a given its own frequency of vibrations, in geophysics in determining the electrical properties of the internal layers of the Earth via the impedance characteristics.
The importance of the spectral theory for differential operators increased rapidly after the discovery of the inverse scattering method for the exact solution of the equation of Korteweg-de Vries, which describes the gravitational long waves in shallow water. Subsequently other nonlinear evolution equations were found, to be solved by this method, which have numerous practical applications in various fields of physics. For example, these equations occur when analyzing the ion acoustic waves in plasma, the Langmuir waves in a thin plasma cylinder, the different waves in hydrodynamics. Application of inverse scattering method for solving the nonlinear Schrodinger equation, arising in nonlinear optics, led to the creation of the theory of optical solitons, and allowed to find new examples of soliton models. Moreover, this method has allowed to develop new approaches to the analysis of the phenomena described by systems of equations close to those completely integrable ones.
Real physical systems are described by equations with self-consistent sources, which are one of the modifications of classical equations. Moreover, the forces acting on the physical system are finite only for a finite time, therefore, the real models are reduced to the equations in the class of periodic and almost-periodic functions on the spatial variables. Applications of the method of inverse problems of spectral theory to various problems of nonlinear optics, plasma physics, hydrodynamics and other areas are one of the priority directions.
Now solitons have become one of the main objects in many of the problems of the dynamics of nonlinear waves. In the last years optical solitons have been used in the telecommunication technologies. An important part of the current research in the theory of solitons comprises studies of nonlinear waves in non-resonant environments. Relation of this theory with the problems of hydrodynamics, allows us to solve a variety of environmental problems, which is concern to the Aral Sea region, determine the demand of research related to the theme of the dissertation.
The aim of the research is solution to the inverse spectral problems for differential operators with periodical coefficients and their applications to solutions nonlinear evolution equations in the class of periodic functions, proof of the analogue of the inverse theorem of Borg in the case of Dirac operator, solving inverse spectral problems on the half line for the Sturm-Liouville operator and for a quadratic pencil of Sturm-Liouville operators with a periodic potential.
Scientific novelty consists of the following:
complete integrability of the Korteweg-de Vries equation with self-consistent source in the class of periodic functions is proved;
the analogue of the inverse theorem of Borg is proved in the case of Dirac operator;
identities for the squares of the components of the vector eigenfunctions of problems for Dirac’s system of equations with periodic and antiperiodic boundary conditions are obtained;
complete integrability of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation with self-consistent source in the class of periodic functions is proved;
the theorems about a relationship between analyticity potential with exponential decrease of lengths of the gaps of a quadratic pencil of Sturm-Liouvill operators are proved;
the analogue of the inverse theorem of Borg is proved in the case of quadratic pencil of Sturm-Liouvill’s operators;
complete integrability of the Kaup’s system with self-consistent source in the class of periodic functions is proved;
the inverse spectral problems for Sturm-Liouville’s operator and for quadratic pencil of Sturm-Liouvill’s operators with periodic potential in half-line are solved.
CONCLUSIONS
1. Complete integrability of the Korteweg-de Vries equation with self-consistent source in the class of periodic functions is proved.
2. The analogue of the inverse theorem of Borg is proved in the case of Dirac operator.
3. The identities for the squares of the components of the vector eigenfunctions of problems for Dirac’s system of equations with periodic and antiperiodic boundary conditions are obtained.
4. Complete integrability of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation with self-consistent source in the class of periodic functions is proved.
5. The theorems about a relationship between analyticity potential with exponential decrease of lengths of the gaps of a quadratic pencil of Sturm-Liouville operators are proved.
6. The analogue of the inverse theorem of Borg is proved in the case of quadratic pencil of Sturm-Liouvill’s operators.
7. Complete integrability of the Kaup’s system with self-consistent source in the class of periodic functions is proved.
8. The inverse spectral problems for Sturm-Liouville’s operator and for quadratic pencil of Sturm-Liouvill’s operators with periodic potential in halfline are solved.

В статье рассматриваются особенности использования технологии фотограмметрии в профессиональной деятельности учителя технологии. Выявлены возможности использования технологий фотограмметрии при изучении дисциплины «Фотографика в технологическое образование».

The article discusses the need to modernize education in the digital economy on the example of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the role of science as an objective link, where one of the priority directions of the development of the digital economy, including Uzbekistan, is the introduction of digital technologies in the educational process. Arguments are given about the dependence of competitive organizations, firms, industries and regions not only on the effective use of personnel, but also on the availability of human resources.The difference between the innovative economy and the traditional one is shown. The proposals on therole of the state in solving these issues are presented.

Ushbu ilmiy izlanishda asosan xozirgi kundagi intellektual transport tizimlaridagi foydalanilayotgan tizimlar tahlili qolaversa ularda uchrayotgan muammolar qarab chiqilgan. So‘nggi o‘n yil ichida turli xil sharoitlarni (masalan, haydovchi monitoringi, shinalar bosimi, yog‘ bosimi, avtomobil tezligi, tezlashuv va joylashuvi) kuzatish uchun komponentlarni o‘z ichiga olgan ko‘plab transport vositalari paydo bo‘ldi. Narsalar interneti (IoT) ma’lum bir muhitdan har xil turdagi ma’lumotlarni to‘plash imkonini beradi. Ikkala tendentsiya natijalarining integratsiyasi transport vositalari interneti (IoV) kontseptsiyasining paydo bo‘lishiga olib keldi. IoVni amalga oshirish turli texnologiyalardan foydalangan holda boshqa qurilmalar va infratuzilma bilan aloqa o‘rnatish uchun qurilmalarni (datchiklar, shaxsiy qurilmalar, aktuatorlar va boshqalar) talab qiladi. Bunday qurilmalarning o‘zaro ta’siri qurilmalar o‘rtasidagi nomuvofiqlik, internetga ulanish uchun turli sifatlar va javob vaqtlari, cheklangan ishlov berish va saqlash imkoniyatlari kabi bir qancha muammolariga olib keldi. Ushbu muammolarning qisqacha tahlili ushbu maqolada qarab chiqilgan. 

Interactive methods, innovative technologies, pedagogical and attention and interest in the use of digital technologies in the educational process every day becomes stronger. This article is modern to enrich the imagination when studying computer science electronic textbooks, animation and video using pedagogical technologies highlights the importance of using tools today.

статья раскрывает возможности использования перспективных стимуляторов роста растений в современных биотехнологических процессах, обосновывается опыт применения ростостимулирующих препаратов нового поколения в конкретных климатических и территориальных условиях.

Subject of research: The object of research is JSC Uzbektelecom, leading operator in telecommunication market.
Purpose of work: to develop practical and scientific-methodological recommendations for further improvement of inovational processes in information and communication field of Uzbekistan.
Methods of research: methods of comparative and logical analysis, systematic approach, scientific abstraction, statistical grouping and economical-statistic method.
The results obtained and their novelty: identified the main features, influences to improve the innovational process in the field of communication and information; on the basis of summarizing the experiences of foreign countries, identified the international tendencies of development the information-communication sphere and their impacts to increase the competitiveness of national economy; identified the features of formation and regularity of development the informational processes in the field of communication and informatization, systematized influences to their factors; recommended the measures for developing the infrastructure of innovational improvement in the field of communication and informatization and mechanisms of their administration; substantiated the recommendations to develop the innovational entrepreneurship, as a potential effective and flexible forms on introduction new information technologies; developed the recommendations on priority directions the innovational improvement JSC “Uzbektelecom” on perspective, with the aim of effective realization its scientific-technical potentials and improving its competitiveness in terms of modernization the national economy.
Practical value: the results of the research can be applied in communication and informatization enterprises in structural branches of national economy, to improve the mechanisms of administration, to define the conceptions and programs of innovational improvement. Scientific outcomes of the dissertation can be used in higher education institutions as a textbook and teaching materials to teach the “Innovational management” and “Economics of enterprise”.
Degrees of embed and economic affectivity: the research outcomes had used at Tashkent Institute of Information Technology (Reference №869/02 in 12.09.2008), in «Uzbektelecom» Namangan branch (Reference №01-01/1085 in 17.09.2008), and to develop the parts Ф 6.1.2: ’’Methodological bases to develop and improve the competitiveness of national economy in terms of liberalization”, “ФА-Ф7-004”: «Innovational model of developing the competitiveness of national economy».
Fields of application: inter-branches and educational process

Ushbu maqolada axborot xavfsizligi va uning tizimlarining asosiy komponentlari, axborotlashtirish vositalari va tizimlarining axborotga nisbatan xavfsizlik monitoringini o‘rnatish uchun bir qator parametrlarni aniqlash haqida ma’lumotlar keltirilgan.

The article discusses the issue of developing the intellectual competence of gifted students through the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process.

Мамлакатимизда олиб борилаётган ислоҳотлар натижаси ўлароқ сўнгги йилларда таълим тизимининг барча босқичларини замонавий талаблар асосида ташкил этиш бўйича амалий ишлар ҳал қилувчи босқичга кирди.

The article provides information on the use of lightweight structural and heat-insulating building materials and products based on them for the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Data on physical and technical characteristics and comparative characteristics of wall building materials are presented. The article also discusses research by a number of authors on the need to use existing highly efficient thermal insulation materials to meet the requirements for energy saving buildings used in new and reconstructed residential and public buildings.

В данной статье рассматриваются способы повышения энергоэффективности на крупнопанельных жилых зданиях, сосредоточиваясь на вопросах, таких как оболочка здания, системы отопления, вентиляция и естественное освещение. Рекомендации включают установку высокоэффективного остекления, модернизацию систем отопления, реализацию естественных решений вентиляции и использование отражающих покрытий на поверхностях зданий. Результаты показывают, что повышение энергоэффективности может значительно улучшить экологическую производительность крупнопанельных жилых зданий.

Subject of inquiry: process of the evaporation crystallizing solution.
Aim of the inquiry: Study of hydrodynamics and external heat exchange in dispersible ambience, creation high performance machinery for evaporation crystallizing solutions in fluidized layer and development of the methods of the calculation evaporating device with weighted layer the hard particles.
Method of inquiry: experimental studies of hydrodynamics, external heat exchange and scale in evaporation device and check result on industrial device.
The results achieved and their novelty: For the first time organized complex studies of hydrodynamics, external heat exchange and scaling in fluidized layer of the granivorous stuff in fine-bored tube. Industrial experimental and theoretical researches have allowed installing the regularities heat hydrodynamic processes in evaporating device depending on operation condition, expense parameter, geometric characteristics and physical feature of the particles of the granivorous stuff and getting the generalizing dependencies, embracing range regime parameter of functioning evaporating device in practice.
Practical value: Offered method of increasing efficiency of the evaporation crystallizing solutions, allowing increase inter - flushing path of functioning device, improve quality of manufacturing product and reduce power consumption and purification equipment, which do not demand considerable expenditures.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: Materials of thesis are utilized in Joint Stock Company "Navoiazot" for update quadruple-effect evaporator, with expected economic benefit 209 mln. bag; implanted in Joint venture - closed joint-stock company "Electrohimzavod" for increasing of efficiency of functioning evaporating kettle for evaporation of solution of the cookery salt, which allowed increase inter-industry path of equipment; implantation of got results in OJSC "PIRIT-M" in Moscow, allow increase machine capacity by heat exchange intensification and gain economic benefit at a rate of 4,2 mln. rubles in a year; results of work implanted in JSC Shyolkovsky Factory of Secondary Precious Metals (Russia) for increase productivity, decrease air pollution and reduction of silver loss and got annual economic effect at a rate of 7 mln. rubles in a year (in prices 2008).
Sphere of usage: Chemical and food industry, metallurgy.

The aim of the research work is to improve the operational reliability of the petrol engine's injection system in hot climatic conditions.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows: the regularity of the change in density is improved, the distribution of the reliability indices of the injection system of food from the influence of the environment; the dependence of the failure rate of elements that limit reliability on the rate of change in the oxidation of fuel under the influence of the environment is established; the changes in the quantitative values of the failure rate were determined to predict the resource of the injection power system; the periodicity of maintenance is determined to improve the technical performance of elements that limit reliability.

Subjects of research: rectification processes in an exhaustive string.
Purpose of work: increase of efficiency of process of rectification нефтегазоконденсатной mixes in an exhaustive column by replacement перегретого the water steam applied as the heat-carrier (the steaming agent), on steams heavy faction.
Methods of research: at determination physical and chemical and thermal properties of hydrocarbon raw standard methods of application are used, and at learning of its fractional composition - vehicle. Measurings of temperature, stress, raw and heat carrier discharge rates and other indexes are held by traditional methods. Treating of results of studies is held with use of methods of similarity theory and modelling.
The results obtained and their novelty: for the first time the dodge of an intensification of a mass-transfer is substantiated at rectification of a petrogas condensate mixture for the account of decrease of thickness of boundary films between contacted by phases at use of hydrocarbon steams of in the capacity of steaming agent instead of overheated steam; possibility of an intensification of process of heat change between the steaming agent and a distilled mixture by comparison of coefficients of a convective heat exchange vapour-phase with application of methane, ethane, propane and butane in relation to analogue - water steam is demonstrated; the effective method of rectification of a petrogas condensate mixture in an exhaustive string with application of steams of a high-gravity naphtha in the capacity of the alternative steaming agent allowing is tendered to augment culling of propellant distillates from raw.
Practical value: the elaborated optimum flow diagramme of heat input of steams of a high-gravity naphtha in a bottom part of an industrial fractionation tower allows to increase culling of light distillate fractions from composition of boiler oil on the average on 2,7 % and to diminish the discharge rate of steaming heat carrier on 11,7 %.
Degree of embed and economic effictivity: the technological operating instruction on application of steams of a high-gravity naphtha in exhausting a fractionation tower part is prepared. The elaborated recommendations, on the basis of solution it is production - operating personnel Bukhara petroleum refinery from October, 10th, 2011, are taken over to adapting jointly with specialists of factory to working conditions with the further implementation in production. Expectational annual economic benefit for the account application of a new method of pyrogenic distillation of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures in an exhaustive string Bukhara petroleum refinery compounds 1,3 mlrd. soums per year.
Field of application: the petroleum-refining industry.

This article presents the results of research on increasing the strength of asphalt concrete pavements used on highways. In order to increase the strength of the asphalt concrete coating, the results of tests conducted in laboratory conditions with the addition of various surface-active additives are presented.

The aim of research work is to improve the quality of products and increase the range of export textile products based on the advanced technology for producing twisted yarns.
Scientific novelty of the research work is follow:
the classification of methods for the production of twisted yams and textile products from single, cotton textile yam has been improved, and a new classification has been developed for the structure of twisting machines and its mechanisms;
a new twisting device has been developed based on advanced technology for producing multilayer twisted yam by a single-process method;
the optimum values of the main technological and kinematic parameters of the new twisting device arc determined bodies using mathematical models of its main working;
technological parameters for the production of sewing threads from compact yam by double-twisting machine were determined and samples of sewing threads were produced;
the technological parameters for the production of twisted yams of various assortments by double twisting machine arc determined;
produced twisted yams with different structures, with certain properties with low twist and smooth twist distribution new technology.