EIJP ISSN: 2751-000X
VOLUME04 ISSUE12
80
POSSIBILITIES OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION OF YOUTH STUDENTS
Achilov Nuriddin Abdugafforovich
Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Termez State University, Doctor of Philosophy in Pedagogical
Sciences, Associate Professor, Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
Spirituality, morality, spiritual and
moral education, concept of education, national
education.
Received:
08.12.2024
Accepted
: 13.12.2024
Published
: 18.12.2024
Abstract:
The article presents ideas about the fact
that spiritual and moral education is an urgent
pedagogical problem, the content and specific
features of the concepts of spirituality, morality
and spiritual and moral education.
INTRODUCTION
New Uzbekistan has taken its place in the world community and is breathing the breath
of renewal in all spheres. Naturally, the issues of training advanced and qualified professionals in their
profession in order to accelerate innovations and their prospects in each sphere of our development
have become an urgent need of the day. For this purpose, it is not for nothing that the development of
education in advanced foreign countries of the world has been set as the first goal. After all, the future
and prosperity of each country directly and indirectly depend on the achievements achieved at all
stages of the education system. The
refore, our President Sh. Mirziyoyev: “We aim to build a new
Uzbekistan on the basis of the principle of a “social state”. What our President means by a social state
is, first of all, the creation of conditions for the realization of human knowledge, talen
t and potential”
[1; 7]
–
it is precisely because the development of the education system in our country is recognized as
the main issue. Therefore, it was emphasized that, first of all, attention should be paid to supporting
education, which is considered the largest investment for New Uzbekistan, and 2023 was named the
“Year of Attention to Humanity and Quality Education” in our country.
Main part
Systematic and effective work has been carried out in our country to reform education. In particular,
specific and large-scale measures are being taken to radically improve the public education system,
qualitatively update the content of the continuing education system, as well as train professional
personnel and consistently develop their knowledge. In particular, dozens of important decrees,
resolutions and programs aimed at the development of the sector have been adopted. In particular, the
Concept of the Development of the Public Education System of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030,
approved by the Decree of the President, serves as a program for new reforms in the field, in order to
VOLUME04 ISSUE12
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55640/eijp-04-12-16
Pages:80-84
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
ISSN: 2751-000X
VOLUME04 ISSUE12
81
determine the priority areas of reforming the public education system, to ensure that our country
“enters the top 30 advanced countries in the world according to the PISA (Programme for International
Student Assessment) International Student Assessment Program by 2030” [2;1], and to raise the
process of training independent-thinking, highly qualified personnel to a qualitatively new level. This
document sets out the following tasks:
- qualitatively update the content of the continuing education system, as well as train, retrain and
improve the skills of professional personnel;
- improve teaching methods, gradually introduce the principles of individualization into the educational
process;
- introduce modern methods and directions of out-of-school education in the upbringing and
employment of young people;
- implement five initiatives, including a set of measures aimed at creating additional conditions for the
education of young people.
These tasks serve to bring the educational process to a new qualitative level.
The concept emphasizes that teaching and assessment methods, as well as textbooks and other
educational materials, are mainly aimed at memorizing and presenting information by students, which
hinders the development of critical thinking, independent search and analysis of information, and other
skills.
The spiritual and moral education of the younger generation, their upbringing in the spirit of patriotism
is a priority policy of the state, an urgent demand of the time. Educating young people, who are the
foundation of our future tomorrow, to make them understand that the Motherland, family, peace,
tranquility are great blessings, to instill in them feelings of appreciation and protection of these
blessings, is one of the main tasks facing our society today. To this end, on December 31, 2019,
Resolution
No. 1069 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On approval of the
concept of continuous spiritual education and measures for its implementation” was adopted, and the
“Concept of continuous spiritual education” was approved. The concep
t sets out specific tasks such as
educating young people, providing them with the necessary competencies for a peaceful life, and
especially developing scientifically based indicators for assessing spiritual education. In particular, it is
shown that child rearing encompasses the following 4 stages, and the content of the work performed at
each stage is clearly indicated.
The first stage - in families. It, in turn, covers two stages: Stage 1 - the fetal period, Stage 2 - the period
from the birth of the child to 3 years.
The second stage - preschool education. The period of the child from 3 to 6 (7) years.
The third stage - includes two-stage general secondary education. They are: Stage 1 - the period of
primary school from 7 (6) to 10 years, Stage 2 - the period of secondary education from 11 to 17 (18)
years.
The fourth stage - the period of young people working in production and not employed, as well as in the
system of secondary specialized vocational and higher educational institutions [3;3].
In addition, the concept indicates the specific characteristics that are considered important to pay
attention to at each stage of child upbringing, the qualities that are formed by educators, teachers and
parents on the basis of specific mechanisms. For example, at the third stage, the following aspects that
should be taken into account in the education of high school students based on spiritual and moral
principles were given special attention. For example, the development of motives for social activity, the
desire for knowledge and self-expression; the manifestation of respect for national values, traditions;
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
ISSN: 2751-000X
VOLUME04 ISSUE12
82
self-education and the development of personal qualities; the consolidation of spiritual and moral
principles
[3; 6].
The main pedagogical problem is the need to reform the spiritual and educational sphere, educational
processes, and first of all, to start reforms with ourselves. Therefore, strengthening the spiritual
foundations of our society, developing the spheres of education, enlightenment, culture, supporting the
activities of scientific and creative organizations, and intellectuals will continue to be one of the priority
areas of our state policy. Because our President Sh. Mirziyoyev expressed great confidence in our
educators, saying: "In our society, we recognize kindergarten teachers, school teachers, university
professors, and scientific and creative intellectuals as the four pillars of the Third Renaissance we are
striving for today" [4; 5].
Education and upbringing ensure the strength of the foundation of a state that has chosen the path of
sustainable development. The development of education is reflected in the content of the laws adopted
in it. For this purpose, on September 23, 2020, the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Education”
No. О’RQ
-637 was adopted. Article 3 of the Law provides an explanation and content of the main
concepts. According to it, education and upbringing is defined as follows.
Upbringing is a systematic process aimed at the comprehensive development of the younger
generation, the formation of their consciousness, spiritual and moral values and worldview, based on a
specific goal and socio-historical experience.
Education is a systematic process aimed at providing learners with deep theoretical knowledge,
qualifications and practical skills, as well as the formation of their general and professional knowledge,
qualifications and skills, and the development of their abilities [5;2].
If we analyze the definition of education, we want to focus on the word socio-historical experiences.
Because there is no future without historical memory. History is the foundation for creating our future
and tomorrow. We must strengthen this foundation by studying in more depth the invaluable scientific
heritage of our people, our great ancestors, who have shaped our national values and traditions for
centuries, by teaching them to the younger generation and instilling them in their minds.
Today we live in a historical era, when our people set noble and great goals for themselves, live a
peaceful life, and, first of all, rely on their own strength and capabilities, achieving great results in
building a democratic state and civil society. Today, we all deeply understand that it is precisely
independence that has given us all these opportunities, taking our destiny into our own hands, relying
on our inherent strengths, and at the same time taking into account the experience of developed
countries, living with such noble aspirations, living in a free, free and prosperous life that our people
have been waiting for for centuries, and the international community has recognized our achievements
on this path.
Issues of spirituality, morality, and spiritual and moral education have always been of urgent
importance. Now we will get acquainted with the essence of the meaning of these words. Spirituality
(Arabic: meaning, a complex of meanings) is a social phenomenon that always goes hand in hand with
material life, an integral part of the life of a person, people and society [6;345]. The content of the
concept
of spirituality is currently used not only in the sense of the words “meaning”, “meaning”.
Because it is what makes a person human, closely connected to their mind, heart, and soul, and it has
an incomparable significance in the lives of every individual, society, nation, and people.
Spirituality
–
(Arabic
–
moral state, all moral things, characteristics)
–
a set of philosophical, legal,
scientific, artistic, religious, moral and other ideas and concepts of humanity [7;282]. Every person has
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
ISSN: 2751-000X
VOLUME04 ISSUE12
83
an external and internal world. The external world of a person includes his height, physique, clothing,
actions. His internal world includes his purpose and purpose of life, thinking, desires, aspirations, heart,
feelings. Spirituality gives spiritual nourishment and strength to this internal world. Our first president
I.A. Karimov defined spirituality as follows: spirituality is an incomparable force that encourages a
person to spiritual purification, to grow in spirit, to strengthen his inner world, his will, to make his faith
whole, to awaken his conscience, and is the criterion of all his views [8;19].
Morality (Arabic: plural of khulq; Latin: moralis - behavior) is a phenomenon of spiritual life, one of the
forms of social consciousness. It is a set of stable, specific norms and rules that regulate the historically
formed behavior, behavior, interaction in social and personal life of people, as well as their relationship
to society [6;52]. Morality is, first of all, a sense of honesty and justice, faith, honesty. If we look at
history, our ancestors developed a set of moral requirements for a perfect person, a complete person,
that is, a code of ethics. It is emphasized that a person should be wary of the forbidden in his heart, and
there should be an intransigent rebellion in his heart against impurity and injustice.
Morality (Arabic: plural of khulq), a set of specific rules for regulating relationships between people
[7;96]. It is a phenomenon of spiritual life, one of the forms of social consciousness, a concept related to
the sphere of spirituality.
Moral education is an important social phenomenon in the spiritual life of society, a form of instilling a
system of ethics and moral qualities in the consciousness of each generation based on the requirements
of the time [6;57]. Moral education is a system of scientific and practical actions aimed at forming
human qualities in the growing generation that correspond to the standards of ethics and meet the
requirements of the time.
Conclusion. The issue of spirituality, morality, spiritual and moral education has always been of great
importance as an urgent pedagogical problem. Our President Sh. Mirziyoyev said at the next meeting of
the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan: We have two mainstays, two
pillars of support: one is the economy, the other is spirituality. "A spiritually great nation will also be
great economically," the head of our state emphasized, and having thoroughly studied the opinions and
desires of our people and based on the recommendations made, he proposed declaring 2025 the "Year
of Environmental Protection and the "Green" Economy" in our country in order to raise the work being
carried out in our country to a new, higher level [9;4].
There are many such concepts inherent in national education, which are part of the spiritual heritage
of our people. It is difficult to translate them directly into other languages. These words indicate how
historic the life of our nation is, that our people have a number of unique national values, which are
completely unlike any other, and that our language has words in this area that have no analogues.
REFERENCES
1.
O‘zbeksiton Respublikasi Prezidenti Sh.Mirziyoyevning Oliy majlis va O‘zbeksiton xalqiga
murojaatnomasi, Toshkent, 2022-yil 20-dekabr.
2.
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining “O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Xalq ta’limi tizimini 2030
-
yilgacha rivojlantirish kontseptsiyasini tasdiqlash to‘g‘risda”gi PF
-5712-sonli Farmoni, -Toshkent,
2019-yil 29-aprel.
3.
O’zbekiston Respublikasi
Vazirlar Mahkamasining “Uzluksiz ma’naviy tarbiya kontseptsiyasini
tasdiqlash va uni amalga oshirish chora-
tadbirlari to’g’risida”gi 1069
-sonli qarori, Toshkent, 2019-
yil 31-dekabr.
4.
O’zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining “O’zbekiston o’qituvchi va murabbiylariga” tabrigi,
Toshkent, 2021 yil 29-sentyabr.
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
ISSN: 2751-000X
VOLUME04 ISSUE12
84
5.
O’zbekiston Respublikasining “Ta’lim to’g’risda”gi O’RQ
-637-son Qonuni, Toshkent, 2020-yil 23-
sentabr.
6.
Ma’naviyat asosiy tushunchalar lug’ati. [Matn]: lug’at. // Q.Nazarov va
b. -
Toshkent: “O’zbekiston
faylasuflari milliy jamiyati” nashriyoti, 2021. 345
-bet.
7.
Pedagogika: entsiklopediya. II jild / tuzuvchilar: jamoa.
–
Toshkent: “O’zbekiston milliy
entsiklopediyasi” Davlat ilmiy nashriyoti, 2015. 282
-bet.
8.
Karimov I.A. Yuksak ma
’naviyat –
yengilmas kuch.
–T.: “Ma’naviyat”, 2010. –
176-b (19-betdan).
9.
O’zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Sh.Mirziyoyevning O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy Majlisi
Qonunchilik palatasining navbatdagi majlisidagi nutqidan. Toshkent, 2024-yil 20-noyabr.
