European International Journal of Philological Sciences
59
https://eipublication.com/index.php/eijps
TYPE
Original Research
PAGE NO.
59-62
DOI
OPEN ACCESS
SUBMITED
24 March 2025
ACCEPTED
20 April 2025
PUBLISHED
22 May 2025
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue 05 2025
COPYRIGHT
© 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms
of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License.
Lingvoaxiological
Characteristics of Fairy-
Tale Characters in Russian
And Uzbek Fairy Tales
Davanov Shamsiddin Fakhriddin ugli
Master's student of the Department of Russian Language and Literature of
the Termez State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
Evgeniya Leonidovna Pupysheva
Scientific supervisor, Termez State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
Abstract
: The most interesting and wonderful folk tales
are passed down from generation to generation. Such
tales have become part of the culture, customs, and
history of nations. The common similarities and
differences of fairy tales are reflected in many Uzbek
and English fairy tales. Fairy tales often contain common
feelings such as love, hate, courage, compassion, and
cruelty. Children need to understand and learn fairy
tales so that they can better realize the national
literature as well as the culture of the whole country.
Keywords:
Fairy tale, evil character, positive character,
royal, general feeling, genre.
Introduction:
It is well known that wisdom and spirit of
the nation are shown in the traditions and customs of
the country, especially in its folklore. Folklore is the
most mysterious and unusual genre of children’s
literature. And one of the most popular parts of folklore
is a fairytale. It has got an exciting plot, brave characters
and a happy ending that really attracts readers. The
most interesting and important folk tales pass from
generation to generation. Such tales have become the
part of culture, customs and history of people. Many
generations of little kids have been brought up by these
glorious and wonderful tales. Fairy tales show us the
national wisdom and beauty of our mother tongue.
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European International Journal of Philological Sciences
While reading a lot of Uzbek and English fairy tales, it
is noticeable that they have some similarities. We
wonder what they have in common and how they
differ. If we make a comparative study of Uzbek and
English fairy tales, we can prove that fairy tales have
similarities, while at the same time they have certain
differences due to cultural and historical features of
the people’s development. Fairy tales are stories
created by oral traditions. Their plots demonstrate
strong conflicts between good and evil, with magic and
luck and usually have happy endings. One can find
universal human feelings such as love, hate, courage,
kindness, and cruelty in typical fairy tales. Children
should read and learn to understand fairy tales so that
they can better realize the national literature as well as
the culture of the country in whole. Folk tales reflect
people’s life, their history, beliefs, mentality. Different
stages of nation’s development are presente
d in them
in a certain way. A fairytale is a short story that
features fantasy characters such as fairies, elves, giants
and mermaids. Fairytales are important because they
usually teach us a lesson. Some famous fairytales you
may know include: Cinderella, Beauty and The Beast,
Little Mermaid and Aladdin. There are things in the
story called elements that will help us to decide a look
at some of the elements of fairy tales.
Most children are familiar with a least a few fairy tales.
Most fairy tales can be divided into a few categories.
Fairy tales are traditionally shared orally or read from
books, but many have been adapted into films or
television shows. There are no rules that define fairy
tales. Therefore, they are categorized by their
elements, types, or motifs. Here are some of those
types and examples of stories that fit those types:
Animal Tales: A large number of fairy tales feature
animals. Many of these stories are quite old and may
be called folk tales or fables. The animals in these
stories can often talk and act like people. They are used
to show simple morals as the animals are symbolic of
abstract ideas. Such stories as "Cat and Mouse in
Partnership," "The Billy Goats Gruff" and any of Jacob’s
fables fall into this category. Tales of Magic: One motif
that figures in many fairy tales is magic. Most fairy tales
present some fantastic element, but these stories are
ones where the narrative is centered on magical
elements.
Wellknown
stories,
such
as
"Rumpelstiltskin" and "The Princess and the Frog,"
feature magic spells and supernatural elements. In
some cases, a magical force imprisons characters,
while in others; magic seems to be a device to move
the story forward. Monster Stories: In monster stories
the main character comes across some sort of ghoul,
ogre, witch or troll. These monsters present a difficulty
or trouble that the hero must get over. Stories like
"Jack and the Beanstalk" and "Hansel and Gretel" fall
into this category. Monsters may represent punishment
for disobeying or a general threat that children should
be afraid of. Princess Stories: Princesses and other royal
figures appear in many fairy tales. These stories have
been the subject of several film and television versions.
These stories often present characters marrying royalty
or discovering that they are royalty themselves.
Comparing Uzbek and English fairy tales, it is necessary
to mention that in England folk tales were collected and
written much later than the Uzbek ones. The first
collections of the British folk tales appeared in the late
19th century by J. Jacobs. Typical main characters of
Uzbek folk tales are Kenja Botir, Boy the Fool, Zumradva
Kimmat. Characters of British fairy tales are usually
people of any specific professions: farmers, peasants
and merchants. Typical names of the heroes of fairy
tales are Peter Simpleton, Lazy Jack and etc. If we
compare the main characters of fairy tales, Boy the Fool
and Jack; in Uzbek fairy tales Boy the Fool is a positive
character. But the word "fool" denotes not the direct
meaning of this word. According to the rules of the
Uzbek language the word "clown" and "fool" - this is not
the same thing, but in a fairy tale these words are used
as similar in meaning. The word "fool" in Uzbek folk tales
represents a person who behaves unusually. The image
of Boy the Fool is a collective portrait of Uzbek peasant
who can find happiness, despite all the difficulties. In
many tales Boy the Fool becomes Prince Boy and finds
his happiness (the kingdom, the bride, horse) after
many troubles. In Bri
tish fairy tales the word "fool” is
rare. The main character of the English typical fairy tale,
Jack, has quite often only positive traits. "In the reign of
good King Arthur in Cornwall, a farmer living on the
Cape Land's End, and it was at the farmer's only son
named Jack."Jack is a clever guy with a quick and lively
mind, "Jack - the winner of the giants". Jack is a
collective image of the English folk tale as Boy the Fool
in Uzbek, but unlike him, Jack is presented in English
tales as a boy, a son of poorer parents, an old soldier,
etc. He also has the pursuit of happiness, the need for
love. Thus, the heroes of Uzbek and English traditional
fairy tales have similar features. However, Boy the Fool
and Jack are two different popular characters that
express a generalized representation of people of their
own character with special, typical features. It should
also be noted that in Uzbek fairy tales one can find a
wide range of fictional colorful characters such as fairy,
Dragon, Witch, goblin, house, Semurg (bird of piece),
and etc. In English fairy tales the main characters are
giants, fairies, witches, elves, dwarves, trolls, pixies,
goblins, the wizard Merlin, king Arthur, the knights.
Magic items found in Uzbek fairy tales can be magic
carpet, magic tablecloth, cap of invisibility, a silver
platter. In English there are tales of invisible coat, hat-
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European International Journal of Philological Sciences
nerdy, seven-league boots, a magic golden trumpet. In
Uzbek and English fairy tales about animals are found
almost identical figures: the wolf, fox, bear, hare.
Among the animals are the main characters of the
rooster, mouse, cat, dog. The general conclusion is that
in English and Uzbek folk tales, the characters perform
one function: they represent the mentality of their
people and express it in a language that allows us to
talk about the formation of the certain stereotype.
Comparing the plots of English and Uzbek fairy tales, it
must be said that the main difference between them
lies in the fact that the Uzbek folk tale is based on a
fiction, an unexpected turn of events, magic and
transformation. In the centre of the English fairy tales
is specific information about some facts of everyday
life. Therefore, the English fairy tale is not very magical
and fabulous in terms of representatives of the Uzbek-
speaking culture.
The character of Uzbek fairy tales works a lot, travels
to distant lands, overcoming a lot of difficulties and
solving a lot of problems, while helping others. The
characters of Uzbek fairy tales, as a rule, have
assistants. They always work together, help each
other, someone always saves: Zumrad and granny
helps each other (Zumrad and Kimmat), Tugrivoy to
Egrivoy (Tugrivoy and Egrivoy). The British fairy tales
are characterized by an independent hero. He acts
usually alone, and all his problems are solved by
himself, but sometimes someone gives him good
advice. This reflects a characteristic of the English-
speaking culture phenomenon as "the man who made
himself" , an isolated and independent, coming from
the depths of time. For example, the hero of many
tales, Jack, struggles with giant robbers and witches
alone. The heroes of many English tales are hard-
working, honest, noble and brave; some of them are
real folk heroes. So, Jack, a peasant's son, the hero of a
fairy tale «Adventures of Jack the Giant-Killer»,
entering into a fight with the ogres, initially only thinks
about the award, but then becomes a true fighter for
the freedom of his people from the giant villains.
Happiness for the hero of the English fairy tale lies in
the fact that after a number of different events and
fantastic adventures he finds some material wealth.
Sometimes a fairy tale has a happy ending. A distinctive
feature of Uzbek fairy tales is a union of many
supporting characters around the character in the
pursuit of the goal. They are led by the desire to
achieve justice. In this particular Uzbek fairytales
reflect this feature of Uzbek life as a community.
English fairy tales the main character acts alone, so he
has to do much more effort to achieve his own goals.
In total, they want at the end of a fairy tale the result
of their own efforts without resorting to help from the
outside (a self-made man).
The character of Uzbek fairy tales works a lot, travels to
distant lands, overcoming a lot of difficulties and solving
a lot of problems, while helping others. The characters
of Uzbek fairy tales, as a rule, have assistants. They
always work together, help each other, someone always
saves: Zumrad and granny helps each other (Zumrad
and Kimmat), Tugrivoy to Egrivoy (Tugrivoy and
Egrivoy). The British fairy tales are characterized by an
independent hero. He acts usually alone, and all his
problems are solved by himself, but sometimes
someone gives him good advice. This reflects a
characteristic
of
the
English-speaking
culture
phenomenon as "the man who made himself" , an
isolated and independent, coming from the depths of
time. For example, the hero of many tales, Jack,
struggles with giant robbers and witches alone. The
heroes of many English tales are hard-working, honest,
noble and brave; some of them are real folk heroes. So,
Jack, a peasant's son, the hero of a fairy tale
«Adventures of Jack the Giant-Killer», entering into a
fight with the ogres, initially only thinks about the
award, but then becomes a true fighter for the freedom
of his people from the giant villains. Happiness for the
hero of the English fairy tale lies in the fact that after a
number of different events and fantastic adventures he
finds some material wealth. Sometimes a fairy tale has
a happy ending. A distinctive feature of Uzbek fairy tales
is a union of many supporting characters around the
character in the pursuit of the goal. They are led by the
desire to achieve justice. In this particular Uzbek
fairytales reflect this feature of Uzbek life as a
community. English fairy tales the main character acts
alone, so he has to do much more effort to achieve his
own goals. In total, they want at the end of a fairy tale
the result of their own efforts without resorting to help
from the outside (a self-made man).
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