263
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF COMMON BASIL LEAVES
M.I.Xolmatova
D.K.Pulatova
F.F.Urmanova
Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Tashkent city, Republic of Uzbekistan
e-mail: gofurovamaftuna98@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17334067
Purpose:
this work is aimed at studying the main active ingredients of basil leaves, which have
anti-inflammatory, choleretic, antiseptic effects.
Materials and methods of research:
the object of the study was the leaves of basil vulgaris,
collected during the flowering period in the territory of the Bostanlyk district of the Tashkent region.
A preliminary examination of the leaves for the content of the main groups of biologically
active substances was carried out using well-known qualitative reactions and chromatographic
analysis methods.
To confirm the results obtained and identify the detected substances, a comparative
chromatographic study of the extracts was carried out, where these substances were detected in the
presence of reliable "witness" samples.
The determination of flavonoids was carried out by chromatography of aqueous extraction of
the collection on paper (German, brand FN-3 Mittelschnell laufend) in a butanol-acetic acid-water
solvent system (4:1:5) using a 1% alcohol solution of aluminum chloride as a developer.
Ascorbic acid was also determined by chromatography on paper in a solvent system of ethyl
acetate - acetic acid (80:20); 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenolate of sodium was used as a developer.
The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation
To detect phenolic acids, alcohol extraction was chromatographed in a butanol-acetic acid-
water solvent system (3:2:95, 4:1:5), 15% and 2% solutions of acetic acid, isopropyl alcohol-
ammonia-water (8:1:1). UV light (before and after ammonia treatment), a 1% alcoholic solution of
ferric chloride, diazotized sulfanilic acid, and diazotized 4-nitroaniline were used as developers.
The presence of tannins was determined by qualitative reactions with 1% gelatin solution and
3% solutions of ferric chloride and ferric ammonium alum. The polysaccharide content was
determined by gravimetric method and ethanol precipitation. The monosaccharide composition of
polysaccharides after hydrolysis was determined chromatographically simultaneously with known
samples on FN-3 paper in the butanol-pirpdine-water (6:4:3) system for neutral sugars and ethyl
acetate-acetic acid-formic acid (18:3:4) for acidic sugars. Sugars were detected with an acidic solution
of aniline phthalate and heat treatment.
Results:
as a result of chromatographic analysis, at least four substances of a flavonoid nature
with Rf 0.45; 0.48; 0.55; 0.78 were found in the studied collection, identified by comparison with
reliable samples as rutin, cinaroside, hyperoside, quercetin; ascorbic acid (0.036%) was identified
from among the organic acids. It has also been established that the phenolic acid composition of the
studied collection is represented by at least two substances, which, according to the Rf value and the
results of qualitative reactions, are tentatively identified as caffeic and chlorogenic acids. It is shown
that the monosaccharide composition of the polysaccharides of the collection is represented by D-
galactose, L-arabinose, D-glucose and D-xylose, and tannins are among the hydrolyzable.
Conclusions:
the results obtained will be used for chemical characterization and
standardization of basil raw materials.
