269
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
POLAR LIPIDS OF
ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM
L. LEAVES
Samandarova Z.Y.
Yuldasheva N.K.
Gusakova S.D.
S.Y. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Tashkent city, Republic of
Uzbekistan
e-mail: zarifasamandarova1005@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17334144
Introduction. Achillea millefolium
L. is a perennial halotolerant species widely distributed
across Central Asia, the European part of the Russian Federation and Siberia, the Caucasus, Western
Europe and other regions. In Uzbekistan, it occurs in mountain meadows, fields, and household plots
of the Tashkent, Samarkand, Fergana, Andijan, and Surkhandarya regions. Literature data indicate
that chlorophylls and carotenoids, similar to lipids, are valuable organic compounds exhibiting
wound-healing, bacteriostatic, anticancer, antioxidant, and radioprotective activities.
The aim
of the study was to investigate the polar lipids (PL), glycolipids (GL), and
phospholipids (PhL) of the leaves of the plant
A. millefolium
, collected in the Tashkent region in
august 2023.
Materials and methods.
PL was extracted from the crushed leaves using a mixture of
chloroform and methanol (2:1, v/v) after the neutral lipids were removed.
Using column chromatography on silica gel, PL was separated into GL (eluted with acetone)
and PhL (eluted with methanol).
Results.
The content of polar lipids (PL) was 4,31%, including glycolipids (GL) at 3,08% and
phospholipids (PhL) at 1,23 %. The composition of GL, steryl glycosides, steryl glycoside esters, and
mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerols were identified. PhL included phosphatidylcholines,
phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols. By alkaline hydrolysis of the lipids, fatty
acids were isolated, and their composition, in the form of methyl esters, was determined by GC using
an Agilent GG 8860 chromatograph (table).
Table. Composition of fatty acids of polar lipids of the leaves of A. millefolium,
GC, % of acids mass
Acid
GL
PhL
Acid
GL
PhL
10:0, 12:0, 14:0
10,28
3,21
20:0
1,48
1,77
15:0
1,21
0,77
20:1
1,77
1,01
16:0
59,62
57,85
22:0
1,74
1,07
16:1
2,85
1,54
22:1
0,96
0,40
18:0
5,35
3,25
24:0
2,31
1,99
cis
-18:1n9
4,47
8,31
Σsaturated fatty acid
81,99
69,91
trans
-18:1n9
1,14
0,77
Σunsaturated fatty
acid
18,01
30,09
18:2n6
4,71
12,15
Σmonounsaturated
fatty acid
11,19
12,03
18:3n3
2,11
5,91
Σpolyunsaturated
fatty acid
6,82
18,06
270
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
Conclusions.
The leaves of
Achillea millefolium
contain 3,08% glycolipids and 1,23%
phospholipids. 16 fatty acids were identified in the lipids, with monounsaturated fatty acids
predominating in the glycolipid fraction (11,19%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids predominating in
the phospholipid fraction. In all lipid classes, the trans-isomer of oleic acid 18:1n9 (0,77–1,14%) was
detected.
Financing.
This work was carried out using budgetary funds of ICPS the Academy of Sciences
of the Republic of Uzbekistan. We thank the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan for
supporting this study.
