229
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
LIPIDS OF
SENNA ANGUSTIFOLIA
LEAVES
Shomuratova S.N.
Yuldasheva N.K.
Gusakova S.D.
Muradov R.Z.
Nishanbaev S.Z.
Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances named after Acad. S.Yu. Yunusov, Academy of
Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent city, Republic of Uzbekistan
e-mail:saltanatnormatovna@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17333349
Relevance
.
Senna angustifolia
Vahl. (syn. Cassia angustifolia Vahl), from the Fabaceae family,
is a valuable medicinal plant that grows in the desert regions of Sudan, Saudi Arabia, and Somalia. It
is cultivated in Russia, Azerbaijan, and the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan. Senna leaves are
among the oldest traditional remedies used in folk medicine as a natural laxative.
The therapeutic effect is primarily due to aloe-emodin and the anthraquinone glycosides
sennosides A and B. Resinous substances present in the leaves may cause intestinal discomfort if
infusions are prepared incorrectly. The leaves and plant extracts have long been used not only as a
laxative, but also for treating liver and gallbladder disorders.
Objective of the study:
To investigate the lipids of
S. angustifolia
leaves collected in the
Surkhandarya region.
Materials and Methods.
Neutral lipids (NL) were extracted from the powdered plant material
by triple maceration using extraction-grade petroleum ether. Polar lipids (PL) were obtained from the
remaining plant residue by triple extraction with a chloroform: methanol mixture (2:1, v/v). The
composition of NL classes was determined by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) using solvent
systems hexane:diethyl ether (4:1 and 3:2, v/v). Visualization was performed using iodine vapors and
50% H
2
SO₄ followed by heating. Alkaline hydrolysis of NL was carried out using 10% KOH in
methanol. The resulting fatty acids were methylated with diazomethane. Fatty acid composition was
analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) using an Agilent 8860GC chromatograph.
Results
.The
S. angustifolia
leaf samples had a moisture content of 7.8% and contained 2.3%
neutral lipids (NL) and 6.6% polar lipids (PL). The NL fraction was found to contain hydrocarbons,
free fatty acids, anthraquinones (R
f
0.37, dark red spot), esters with aliphatic alcohols, triterpenols
and phytosterols, as well as free triterpenols and phytosterols. Triacylglycerols were present in trace
amounts in the leaf lipid fraction. Fatty acids were isolated from the NL fraction, methylated with
diazomethane, and analyzed (see table).
Table. Fatty acid composition of neutral lipids from S. angustifolia leaves, GC, % of total
fatty acid mass
Fatty acid
%
Fatty acid
%
12:0, 14:0, 15:0
9,95
18:2n6
7,18
16:0
22,83
18:3n3
24,11
16:1n9
1,94
20:0
4,03
17:0
0,81
22:0
0,81
18:0
6,36
Σ
saturated fatty acid
44,79
cis
-18:1n9
21,98
Σ
unsaturated fatty acid
55,21
230
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
The data in the table show that the fatty acids in the lipids of
S. angustifolia
consist of 12
components, with a dominance of unsaturated fatty acids. Among the unsaturated fatty acids of the
neutral lipids in the leaves, the highest contribution is made by trienoic acid (α-linolenic acid, 18:3
(24.11%)), which is absent in the seed lipids.
Financing.
This work was carried out using budgetary funds of ICPS the Academy of Sciences
of the Republic of Uzbekistan. We thank the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan for
supporting this study.
