Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная
лингвистика
и
лингводидактика
–
Foreign
Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Journal home page:
https://inscience.uz/index.php/foreign-linguistics
Psychological
aspects
of
communication
skills
development in young people
Dilnoza USMONOVA
Uzbekistan State World Languages University
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received January 2024
Received in revised form
10 January 2024
Accepted 25 February 2024
Available online
25 May 2024
The article emphasizes the relevance of the formation and
development of communication and organizational skills among
young people as an important aspect of the training of future
scientists. The results of the research revealed the need to
develop these skills among young people. The main
characteristics of the development of communication skills
were formulated during the study. Currently, human
communication is a complex and multifaceted activity that
requires certain skills and abilities, regardless of age and social
status. A high level of development of communication skills
plays a key role in the formation of a person
’
s communicative
competence, which is an important condition for successful
adaptation to the social environment. The study also shows that
an effective method for improving communication skills is to
involve youth in various communication spaces and situations.
2181-3663
/©
2024 in Science LLC.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-3701-vol2-iss2-pp183-188
This is an open-access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru
Keywords:
communicative experience,
students,
psychological aspects,
psychological
characteristics,
communication skills,
communication skills
development,
young people,
youngsters,
communicative competence.
Yoshlarda muloqot k
o‘
nikmalarini rivojlantirishning
psixologik aspektlari
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘zlar
:
kommunikativ tajriba,
talabalar,
psixologik jihatlar,
psixologik xususiyatlar,
muloqot qobiliyatlari,
muloqot qobiliyatlarini
rivojlantirish,
yoshlar,
yoshlar,
kommunikativ
kompetentsiya.
Maqolada b
o‘
lajak olimlarni tayyorlashning muhim
jihatlaridan biri sifatida yoshlarda kommunikativ va
tashkilotchilik
k
o‘
nikmalarini
shakllantirish
va
rivojlantirishning
dolzarbligi
k
o‘
rsatilgan.
Yoshlarning
kommunikativ va tashkiliy moyilligini aniqlash va rivojlantirish
b
o‘
yicha olib borilgan tadqiqotlar natijalari. Natijada, muloqot
qobiliyatlarini
rivojlantirishning
asosiy
xususiyatlari
shakllantiriladi. Hozirgi vaqtda odamlarning muloqoti
murakkab va k
o‘
p qirrali faoliyat turi b
o‘
lib, yoshi va ijtimoiy
mavqeidan qat
’
i nazar, shaxsdan ma
’
lum k
o‘
nikma va
1
Lecturer, Uzbekistan State World Languages University. E-mail: usmanovadilnoza989@gmail.com
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
–
2
№
2 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
184
qobiliyatlarni talab qiladi. Kommunikativ k
o‘
nikmalarni
rivojlantirishning
yuqori
darajasi
ijtimoiy
muhitda
muvaffaqiyatli moslashishning asosiy sharti sifatida shaxsning
kommunikativ kompetensiyasining rivojlanish darajasini
belgilaydi. Shuningdek, tadqiqot shuni k
o‘
rsatadiki, muloqot
k
o‘
nikmalarini oshirishning eng foydali usuli bu yoshlarni turli
kommunikativ makon va vaziyatlarga jalb qilishdir.
Психологические аспекты развития коммуникационных
навыков у молодежи
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
коммуникативный опыт,
студенты,
психологические аспекты,
психологические
характеристики,
коммуникативные
навыки,
развитие
коммуникативных
навыков,
молодые люди,
подростки,
коммуникативная
компетентность.
Статья подчеркивает актуальность формирования и
развития коммуникативных и организаторских способностей
у молодежи как важного аспекта подготовки будущих
ученых. Результаты проведенных исследований выявили
необходимость развития указанных навыков среди
молодежи.
Основные
характеристики
развития
коммуникативных навыков были сформулированы в ходе
исследования. В настоящее время человеческое общение
представляет собой сложную и многогранную деятельность,
требующую определенных навыков и умений независимо от
возраста и социального статуса. Высокий уровень развития
коммуникативных навыков играет ключевую роль в
формировании коммуникативной компетентности человека,
что является важным условием успешной адаптации в
социальной среде. Исследование также показывает, что
эффективным методом повышения коммуникативных
навыков является вовлечение молодежи в различные
коммуникативные пространства и ситуации.
INTRODUCTION
The goals of education are aimed at the long term in training and education and
suggest solutions for the most important tasks related to the formation of young people
’
s
ability to adapt to the labor market. They become most significant during the period of
research by science and socio-pedagogical practice, the best ways to prepare young
people for the new social relationships that are emerging today in society. At the present
stage of development of the educational system, particular importance acquires the
problem of preparing young people for productive communication and the realization of
their abilities in the field of human-to-human interaction [5].
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Dynamic changes in the world and the need for an adequate response to them
make the development of the communicative sphere of young people in the conditions of
education. This is evidenced by various authors devoted to the problems of the
communicative sphere (B.N. Golovin, V.S. Grekhnev, I.A. Zimnyaya, V.A. KanKalik,
N.V. Kuzmina, A.A. Leontiev, L.M. Mitina, V.P. Simonov, E.I. Khitarova, Yu.I. Emelyanov,
N.V. Yakovleva and others).
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
–
2
№
2 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
185
In contrast to the adult generation, which is more focused on development in the
profession, young people are focused on general personal self-realization and success [2].
In the process of interaction with the older generation in the family, as well as in the
educational space and educational institutions young people get to know themselves,
look for their vocation, and master general skills in communication [3]. The purpose of
our work is to study students
’
communication as a specific type of activity and experience
of personal development. The following tasks were set to achieve the goal:
1.
describe communications in the student environment;
2.
formulate the main characteristics of students
’
communications;
3.
determine the most effective way to form and develop communicative skills and
abilities;
4.
improve the overall level of communicative competence
5.
develop student success.
Communication can be interpreted as a process of interconnection and interaction
of subjects. At the same time, the nature of interaction is the exchange of information,
knowledge, skills, and the results of their activities (intellectual, labor, professional, etc.)
[4]. In the life of students, communication as an activity is a very significant factor and is
of independent value. It highlights two opposed trends:
a)
the circle of interpersonal interaction is expanding;
b)
young people tend to individualize personal and social contacts.
Exactly, there is a sharp increase in time for interpersonal communication, and the
social space for contacts is expanding (friends from other educational institutions, areas
of residence, other social status, etc.). As for individualization, at a young age this is
manifested in a strict delimitation of the nature of interactions, a high degree of
selectivity in friendly affections, and demands for personal contact. To be successful in
this field, it is necessary to have qualities that match the requirements that professional
activity imposes on the personality of the worker. One of the aspects of preparing
successful cadres becomes the development of their communicative and organizational
spheres. In this regard, the aims to put the task of formation and development of
communicative and organizational inclinations among young people [6,8], and the
educational program includes all necessary measures (Table 1).
Table 1.
Content of systematic development work communicative and organizational
spheres of the personality and psychological aspect of young people
Direction of activity
Types and forms of events
Acquaintance of students with scientific
activities,
their involvement in research work on
early learning
–
classes within the framework of the course
“Fundamentals of research activity”;
–
participation in conferences, seminars.
Conducting developmental training work
–
classes within the framework of the courses "ABC
of communication", "BusinessCommunicationn", "Basics
of business communication", "Rhetoric", "Sociology";
–
developing classes with elements of training, and
business games on formation and development of
communication skills ("Me and you!", "Me and
team”,
“Am I a leader?”, “Public speaking”, etc.).
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
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Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
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Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
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Inviting students to participate in activities
contributing to the development of
communicative and organizational
inclinations
Discussion Club "Young Economist";
–
Economics Olympiad;
–
competition of research papers and essays;
–
thematic weeks (“Week of Science”, “Week of
Etiquette”, “Week of
entrepreneurship, etc.).
Ensuring the interaction of schoolchildren
with representatives of various
professions and fields of activity
–
excursions to enterprises and organizations of
economic orientation;
–
thematic meetings-conversations.
Realizing the importance of developing communicative and organizational skills,
teachers use active teaching methods in the classroom, which have a practical focus [7].
They are characterized by play action and the creative nature of learning, interactivity,
the use of a variety of types of communication, and dialogue. The teachers conducts the
lesson based on the knowledge and experience of students, activity approach to learning,
group form of organization of work, involvement in the process of all senses, movement,
and reflection. However, it is necessary not only to form and develop tendencies but also
to monitor results, communication, and organizational inclinations to determine their
levels of development [6]. V.V.
Sinyavsky and B.A.
Fedorishin [9], who are adapted from
youngsters and allowed to take into account their individual and personal characteristics.
Based on the results of the diagnostics, each subject has levels of development of
communicative and organizational inclinations (very low, low, medium, high, highest)
and is given a brief description (Table 2).
Table 2.
Characteristics of the levels of development of communicative and organizational
tendencies
Level
Scores
Level Characteristics
Highly
short
1-4
The sphere of communication and organizational skills is not
developed. Subjects strive to avoid contact, communicate little even in a
narrow circle, and feel discomfort in a situation of forced interaction with
unfamiliar people [1]. In organizational activities do not show initiative,
are constrained, and it is often difficult for them to make decisions on
their own worthy
Short
5-8
The subjects do not seek to communicate and prefer to spend time
alone. In the new company or team feel constrained. Having difficulty
establishing contact with people [8, p. 62]. They do not defend their
opinion, they are hard offended. Rarely show initiative, avoid making
independent decisions
Average
9-12
The subjects strive for contact with people and defend their opinions.
However, their potential tendencies are not highly stable. Needs further
educational work on the formation and development of these personality
traits [8].
High
13-16
The need for communicative and organizational activities is formed in
sufficient no measure. The subjects are not lost in a new environment,
quickly find friends, strive to expand the circle of their acquaintances,
help relatives and friends, take the initiative in communication, and can
make decisions in difficult, non-standard situations [1].
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
–
2
№
2 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
187
Higher
17-20
The need for communicative and organizational activities is fully
formed. The subjects quickly orient themselves in difficult situations,
behave naturally in a new team, are proactive, and make independent
decisions [9]. They voicing an opinion and getting their decisions made.
They like to organize games and various activities, persistent in activities.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Communication can be interpreted as a process of interconnection and interaction
of subjects. At the same time, the nature of interaction is the exchange of information,
knowledge, skills, the results of their own activities (intellectual, labor, professional, etc.)
[4]. In the life of students, communication as an activity is very significant, factor and is
an independent value. So, when building relationships for some, the desire to take a
position matters for the leader, for others
–
to be accepted, and recognized, for the third
–
to be an authority in any specific case, and sometimes just join the group. In other words,
the psychological component in the communication experience of students is extremely
significant [5]. For this reason, the impossibility or the inability to achieve the desired
position in the group may be accompanied by excessive conflict among young people,
leading to indiscipline, aggression, and even delinquency.
Based on the description, it is possible to formulate the main characteristics of
communication as a specific type of activity and experience of personal development in
the modern student environment:
1.
it is the basis for obtaining social interaction skills, developing the ability to obey
collective discipline, defending one
’
s rights, correlating personal and one
’
s own interests,
and competing;
2.
this is a specific type of emotional contact based on the desire to satisfy
psychological needs, get help, gain self-confidence, increase self-esteem and self-respect;
3.
it is a way to increase the level of communicative competence [5].
Based on the study, it can be concluded that the most effective way of formation
and development of communicative skills, raising the general level. The communicative
competence and success of students is their involvement in the communicative space
"student
–
society" and "student
–
university", taking into account psychological
characteristics.
Indeed, the communication of young people strongly depends on psychological
motives. One can observe the search for the most favorable psychological conditions for
contacts, the expectation of empathy, support, and sympathy, the search for unity of
views, and the search for sincerity. Young people are also looking for the realization of
the need for self-expression and self-affirmation. It is worth noting that these needs are
permanent and urgent. In a student environment, as a rule, they prefer to interact at ease,
strive to establish new contacts for leisure activities, and a quick transition from
superficial interaction to friendly, long-term. This is accompanied by a frequent change of
communicative situations and, accordingly, a very wide range of participants [10].
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, communication in the young people
’
s environment differs in the
degree of closeness: at a young age there may be friends, comrades, close comrades,
buddies, and classmates. In the future, these differences become clearer
–
couples,
groups, and companies are distinguished
–
likes and dislikes. Communication with pairs
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Зарубежная лингвистика
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2 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
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also more often goes beyond the educational institution, new interests, hobbies, and
activities appear. This is another feature of them. In communication, young people
experience a variety of psychologically colored events: struggle and clashes, defeats,
disappointments and victories, joys and sorrows. Communication itself becomes so
emotionally colored and absorbing for young people that they forget about homework
and assignments. However, this does not mean at all a decrease in the developing
potential of the modern education system as a communicative space. It can be argued
that the modern educational environment is generally favorable for the comprehensive
development of a young person: the mental components of a student develop in
educational structures, his cognitive motivation as a future professional, as well as many
other aspects of personality.
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