Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная
лингвистика
и
лингводидактика
–
Foreign
Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Journal home page:
https://inscience.uz/index.php/foreign-linguistics
The construction of a dialogue between a doctor and a
patient
Sayora YOROVA
Samarkand State Medical University
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received August 2024
Received in revised form
10 September 2024
Accepted 25 September 2024
Available online
25 October 2024
This article discusses dialogic communication, emphasizing
that it goes beyond a simple exchange of words between two
individuals. Here, the purpose of dialogue between interlocutors
converges into a shared content. Dialogue includes speech acts
such as questions, answers, requests, refusals, and
confirmations, reflecting all aspects of language. In particular, the
structure of dialogue between a doctor and a patient is partially
rooted in scientific text. Notably, while the syntactic features of
formal scientific language are retained, elements of colloquial
syntax are also integrated. Simplified question forms, syntactic
repetitions, and methods of emotional expression characterize
the speech style of interactions between medical staff and
patients.
2181-3701
/©
2024 in Science LLC.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-3701-vol2-iss4
This is an open-access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru
Keywords:
emotional,
expressive function,
psychological state,
language.
Shifokor va bemor o'rtasidagi dialogning qurilishi
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘zlar
:
emotsional,
ekspressiv funktsiya,
psixologik holat,
til.
Ushbu maqolada dialogik muloqot muhokama qilinadi va bu ikki
shaxs o'rtasidagi oddiy so'z almashinuvidan tashqariga chiqishi
ta'kidlanadi. Bu erda suhbatdoshlar o'rtasidagi muloqotning
maqsadi umumiy tarkibga birlashadi. Dialog tilning barcha
tomonlarini aks ettiruvchi savollar, javoblar, iltimoslar, rad etish va
tasdiqlash kabi nutqiy harakatlarni o'z ichiga oladi. Xususan,
shifokor va bemor o'rtasidagi muloqotning tuzilishi qisman ilmiy
matnga asoslangan. Shunisi e'tiborga loyiqki, rasmiy ilmiy tilning
sintaktik xususiyatlari saqlanib qolgan holda, so'zlashuv sintaksisi
elementlari ham birlashtiriladi. Soddalashtirilgan savol shakllari,
1
PhD, Head of the Department of Languages, Samarkand State Medical University.
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Special Issue
–
4 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
77
sintaktik takrorlashlar va hissiy ifodalash usullari tibbiyot
xodimlari va bemorlar o'rtasidagi o'zaro munosabatlarning nutq
uslubini tavsiflaydi.
Построение диалога между врачом и пациентом
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
эмоциональная,
экспрессивная функция,
психологическое
состояние,
язык.
В данной статье рассматривается диалогическое общение,
подчеркивая, что оно выходит за рамки простого обмена
словами между двумя людьми. Здесь цель диалога между
собеседниками сходится в общем содержании. Диалог
включает в себя такие речевые акты, как вопросы, ответы,
просьбы, отказы и подтверждения, отражающие все аспекты
языка. В частности, структура диалога между врачом и
пациентом частично укоренена в научном тексте.
Примечательно, что при сохранении синтаксических
особенностей
формального
научного
языка
также
интегрированы
элементы
разговорного
синтаксиса.
Упрощенные вопросительные формы, синтаксические
повторы и способы выражения эмоций характеризуют
речевой стиль взаимодействия медицинского персонала и
пациентов.
INTRODUCTION
In the process of communication with the patient, medical personnel are required
to follow the communicative culture. Communicative culture also determines the ability to
use expressiveness and emotionality. Expressiveness and emotionality are considered
separate areas of research in pragmalinguistics. Linguists have different views on these
concepts. V.N. Telia associates expressivity with subject modality. He emphasized that the
expressive function of language units is important in expressing subjective modality. The
author divides the subjective modality into such types as negative or positive emotional
attitude towards the expression, qualitative assessment towards the expression, social
attitude towards the expression (V.N. Teliya, 1996; 308). Generally, most linguists agree
that expressiveness and emotionality are close to each other or perform the same function.
In particular, I.P. Susov combines expressiveness and emotionality into one function
according to the given information and situation (I.P. Susov, 1975;67). Expressiveness is
expressed in a way that depends on the emotional reaction of the participants of the
communication, rather than being an expression related to a content. That is why
emotionality reflects the internal and external psychological state of interlocutors, and
expressiveness is considered a means of enhancing the communication experience.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A communicative goal, according to scientists, is a directed strategic result of a
communicative act. In this case, the addressee understands the meaning of the message
and the purpose of the speaker. The communicative strategy is flexible and dynamic, as it
is constantly changing during the communication process. It depends on the speech
actions of the interlocutor and the constantly growing and changing state of the discussion,
the speech situation, the debate and the evening of the discussion.
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Special Issue
–
4 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
78
The appropriate use of expressive language and emotional attitude is regarded as a
key component of communicative competence, which is one of the criteria of
communicative culture. Communicative competence represents a style of interaction built
upon a spe
cialist’s personal and professional experience, enabling effective engagement
with colleagues and society. Additionally, it encompasses the ability to accurately evaluate
the context, understand the psychological state of the patient, and select an appropriate
speech style
—
whether advice, humor, compliments, or encouraging words
—
in medical
discourse. Now, let's consider the following example from fiction.
The use of the compliment strategy by the medical worker towards the patients is
aimed at creating a positive emotional state in them. The use of a compliment strategy by
a medical worker towards patients is aimed at creating a positive emotional state in them.
The main semantic features of a compliment are a positive exaggeration of a feature,
appearance or use of speech of the addressee. In the example given above, the phrase
"excellent, not heart, a steam train" of the medical worker is aimed at having a positive
effect on the condition of patients by using it in the compliment strategy.
It is important to note that the point of view of the medical worker's psycho-
emotional impact on the patient, and to determine the level of his reflexive attitude
towards the patient. In the course of medical activity, any medical worker may encounter
communicative difficulties in various situations .In these situations, the emotional
expression and active listening techniques of medical workers, and the ability to correctly
assess the situation are demonstrated.
In these situations, the emotional expression and active listening techniques of the
medical staff are demonstrated, as well as the ability to correctly assess the situation. The
following communicative competence features of the medical staff were identified in the
effective use of language and speech tools in the medical field: not being indifferent to the
patient's feelings; correctly conveying information about the patient's illness (with an
accurate assessment of the patient's psycho-emotional condition); affect the patient from
his feelings; effective use of medical knowledge; monitor and describe the patient's
condition, feel the patient's wishes and desires; Correctly conveying information about the
patient's illness (with an accurate assessment of the patient's psycho-emotional
condition); affect the patient from his feelings; effective use of medical knowledge; monitor
and describe the patient's condition, feel the patient's wishes and desires; not to create
emotional and reflective communicative situations.
The communicative process between the medical worker and the patient is built in
order to determine the conditions related to the patient's health.This process is evaluated
as a speech process that determines the communication and relationship between the
medical worker and the patient, and unites them to one goal.The communicative process
between the medical worker and the patient is built in order to determine the conditions
related to the patient's This process is evaluated as a speech process that determines the
communication and relationship between the medical worker and the patient, and unites
them to one goal. In this process, in addition to his professional knowledge, the medical
worker is required to effectively use communication skills. Effective use of communication
skills serves the patient's best interests. The duration of communication is determined
depending on the level of the patient's health and physical condition. The direction of
communication was created during the examination of the patient :results are determined
based on data. Non-verbal communication methods are also used to interpret and explain
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Special Issue
–
4 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
79
certain information using div movements such as head and hand. Consider the following
example:
Pulat was taken to the ward and put to bed instead. Sangina (nurse) took her blood
pressure and bit her lip. Pulat was taken to the ward and put to bed instead. Sangina
(nurse) took her blood pressure and bit her lip. What's wrong with you, my lamb? Did you
notice anything?
The wrestler shook his head. Istat Fayzullaevna Sangina was panicking and
measured her blood pressure again.
- You can't be excited. Remember the good days you saw, - said Istat Faizullaevna.
- Doctor, now answer me. Thank God, my kidney is fine. I can treat the heart in
Tashkent.
- You can't be excited. Remember the good days you saw, - said Istat Faizullaevna.
- Doctor, now answer me. Thank God, my kidney is fine. I can treat the heart in
Tashkent. Oyti (Istat Fayzullaevna) shook her head.
- Do not joke with the kidney. It has not yet recovered. You know, your kidney is
dislocated. Don't think about leaving until it's fixed. The health care worker will encourage
you to choose the path that is appropriate with a speech expression such as You can not be
excited. In order to achieve the desired result, remember the good days you saw. The
health care worker will encourage you to choose the path that is appropriate with a speech
expression such as You cannot be excited. In order to achieve the desired result, he
explains that remember the good days you have seen. Next is "Don't joke with the kidney."
It has not yet recovered. Explanations such as, "You know, your kidney is dislocated" are
followed by a prohibitive speech act such as "Don't think about leaving until it's fixed."
Prohibitory speech acts are usually used by medical personnel to indicate that it is
inappropriate for patients to perform an action or that it is dangerous to the health of
patients. Prohibitory speech acts are usually used by medical personnel to indicate that it
is inappropriate for patients to perform an action or that it is dangerous to the health of
patients. Prohibitory speech acts are commonly used by medical personnel to indicate
when certain actions are inappropriate or potentially harmful to a patient's health. The
effectiveness of these prohibitions relies on the medical professional’s experience and
their skill in using language tools appropriately. These speech acts are tailored in style,
taking into account factors such as the patient’s age, cultural background, social context,
and gender.
This process is carried out taking into account the patient's age, national-cultural,
social and gender aspects. The level of familiarity of the participants of the meaningful
speech process depends on the date of communication, the choice of communication style
(A. Claude, 2003; 201). In this, the communication process is carried out taking into
account the patient's lifestyle, field of activity, mental state.
In general, medical discourse includes the transition from medical formal
communication to oral forms of communication, expressing information in a way that is
understandable for the patient, effective use of linguistic and cultural units, entering the
patient's trust, reducing the risk of illness, and increasing the patient's confidence in
recovery.
Medical discourse covers the communication between doctor-patient, staff working
in a medical institution, verbal and non-verbal speech of students and teachers studying at
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Special Issue
–
4 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
80
a medical university. In medical discourse analysis, as in other discourses, the principles
of politeness are widely emphasized.
The expression of politeness is considered one of the important indicators of every
ethnic group, nation or culture. Politeness varies in each culture, both verbally and
nonverbally.
CONCLUSION
In summary, regardless of the level of politeness, all elements serve the common
goal of enhancing and ensuring effective communication. The communicative context and
purpose are paramount, as they guide the choice of verbal and non-verbal elements. These
components must be harmonized and aligned with the societal norms governing
communication, ensuring coherence and clarity in interactions.
REFERENCES:
1. Claude A. Human speaker: Vklad lingvistiki and humanitarian science: Per. s fr.
M.: Editorial URSS, 2003.
—
304 p.
2. Heath C. The delivery and reception of diagnosis in the general-practice
consultation // P. Drew, J. Heritage (eds.). Talk at work. Cambridge: Cam-bridge University
Press, 1992.
–
P 235
–
267.
3. Maynard D. W. On clinicians co-
implicating recipients’ perspective in the delivery
of diagnostic news // Talk at Work: Interaction in Institutional Settings. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. 1992.
–
P 331
–
358.
4. Ong L.M. L., Dehaes J., Hoos A.M., Lammes F.B. Doctor
–
patient communication - a
review of the literature. Social Science & Medicine; 40(7): 1995.
–
P 903-918.
5. Telia, V.N. Russian phraseology. Semantic, pragmatic and linguocultural aspects. -
M.: Shkola "Yazyki russkoy kultury", 1996. -308 p.
6. Susov, I.P. Formal and semantic aspects of predlozheniya // Te-oreticheskie
problemy syntaxis sovremennyx indoevropeyskikh yazykov. - L.: Nauka, 1975. - S. 61-88.
7. Heritage J, Maynard D. Problems and prospects in the study of physician
–
patient
interaction: 30 years of research. Annual Review of Sociology, 32: 2006.
–
P 351-374.
8. Kline F., F. Acosta. The misunderstood Spanish-speaking patient. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 137 (2), 1980.
–
P 1530
–
1533.
10. Labov W., Fanshel D. Therapeutic Discourse: Psychotherapy as Conversation.
New York: Academic Press. 1977
11.
http://eas.uni-sofia.bg/text-linguistics
12.
https://rkminzdrav.uz/news/5
13.
https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibbiyot_deontologiyasi
