INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 346
UDC: 528
DESIGNING A SPATIAL GEODETIC NETWORK FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A
MULTI-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
Tagaeva Dilafruz Usmonovna
docent, Associate Professor of the Department of Engineering Geomatics
, Tashkent University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Tashkent, Uzbekistan, E-mail:
taqi_gvak_konferentsiya@mail.ru
Kenjayev Ulugbek Abdulakimovich,
Senior Lecturer at the Department of Engineering Geomatic,
Tashkent University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Ravshanov Bekzod Shukhratovich,
Student of the Department of Engineering Geomatics,
Tashkent University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Tashkent, Uzbekistan, E-mail:bekzodravshanov@mail.ru
Annotation:
This article outlines the main stages of designing a spatial geodetic network
during the construction of a multi-storey residential building, methodological approaches, and
the accuracy requirements for geodetic measurements. It presents geodetic measurement
methods, software tools, and key aspects of the design process, illustrated through practical
examples.
Keywords:
spatial geodetic network, electronic total station, coordinates, monitoring of the
spatial geodetic network.
Аннотация:
В
данной
статье
освещены
основные
этапы
проектирования
пространственной геодезической сети при строительстве многоэтажного жилого здания,
методологические подходы, а также требования к точности геодезических измерений. В
статье представлены методы геодезических измерений, программное обеспечение и
важные аспекты проектирования на основе практических примеров.
Ключевые слова:
пространственной геодезической сеть, электронный тахеометр,
координаты, мониторинг пространственной геодезическое сети.
Introduction:
In the construction of multi-storey buildings, accuracy and reliability are among
the main requirements in the field of geodesy. Proper design and placement of spatial geodetic
networks at all stages of the construction process is one of the most important tasks of
engineering geodesy. This article addresses one of the practical issues of urban geodesy-the
stages, methodology, and accuracy requirements for designing a spatial geodetic network for
multi-storey buildings.
Main part:
The purpose and significance of a spatial geodetic network lie in its role as the core
of the engineering-geodetic system. Especially in complex structures such as multi-storey
residential buildings, it ensures the accurate placement of all structural elements. Through these
networks, the design coordinate system is linked to the natural earth surface, ensuring height,
direction, and geometric symmetry accuracy.
Main tasks of the network:
Transferring the design to the site;
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 347
As-built survey;
Determining and preserving construction axes;
Transferring and controlling elevation marks;
Providing a reliable basis for subsequent geodetic work.
Design Stages. Geodetic analysis of the area: In the first stage, available topographic and
geodetic data on the construction site are collected. Terrain relief, existing geodetic points, and
aboveground and underground communications are considered. At this stage, aerial
photographs can be taken using UAVs (drones), or terrain can be modeled using LIDAR
technology.
Selection of base geodetic point system: The network must be optimal and stable. It should
meet the following criteria: Points must have indivisibility; each point must be connected to at
least 3–4 others; their coordinates must be determined with high accuracy.
Fig. 1. Scheme for observing the deviation of the building
Points are determined using GPS/GNSS stations (in static or semi-kinematic mode), and
sometimes using optical methods such as electronic total stations.
Calculations and accuracy analysis. Accuracy indicators are a key criterion in network design.
The following elements are calculated: Coordinate dispersion (σx, σy, σz); Covariance matrix;
Redundancy; Reliability coefficient (α) and accuracy limits.
Accuracy requirements for multi-storey buildings:
Horizontal positioning: ±5 mm;
Elevation mark: ±3 mm;
Angular accuracy: not more than 5ʺ (seconds).
Example – “Xon Saroy Zo‘rsan” Residential Complex (Tashkent, 2025) A spatial geodetic
network was established using high standards. The results confirmed that correct design directly
affects construction quality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 348
Floo
r
level
Design Coordinates
Actual Coordinates
Differe
nce in
X-axis
(mm)
Differe
nce in
Y-axis
(mm)
Differe
nce in
H-axis
(mm)
X
Y
H
X
Y
H
X
L
-X
A
Y
L
-Y
A
H
L
-H
A
1 st
Floo
r
917,58
4
707,15
4
484,17
8
917,58
5
707,15
3
484,18 -1
1
-2
2 nd
Floo
r
917,58
4
707,15
4
487,67
8
917,58
3
707,15
2
487,67
7
1
2
1
Fig. 2. Execution scheme of the building (by floors)
Final documentation. In the final stage, based on the location, coordinates, and connection
schemes of the points, the following working documents are prepared: Geodetic network
diagram; Detailed information on each point; Measurement protocols; Comparative analysis
tables.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 349
Software and technologies. Modern spatial geodetic networks are designed using software such
as AutoCAD Civil 3D, CREDO DAT, Trimble Business Center, and Leica Geo Office. They
offer advantages like: 3D visual modeling; Automated calculations; Fast processing of
GPS/GNSS data; Export of reports.
Integration with BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology is also possible, ensuring
spatial accuracy throughout the project lifecycle.
Monitoring During Construction. During construction, network points may shift, deform, or be
lost. Therefore, the following tasks are carried out: Re-measurements (monthly or periodically);
Installation of monitoring stations (operating 24/7); Comparison of results with original project
values. These monitoring processes are especially important in seismically active regions.
Conclusion.
Designing and organizing a spatial geodetic network for the construction of a
multi-storey residential building is a decisive factor in ensuring geometric accuracy, safety, and
economic efficiency. The methodological approaches presented in the article show that modern
GNSS technologies and digital tools reduce human influence, time, and costs, while providing
fast and accurate results. Ongoing monitoring and inspections help maintain the stability of the
network. Therefore, designing a spatial geodetic network should be considered a separate
scientific and practical phase in any major construction project.
Literature:
1. Подшивалов В.П., Нестеренок М.С., Мкрытчян В.В. Геодезическое обеспечение
строительства. Учебно-методическое пособие Минск БНТУ. 2013 г.
2. Подшивалов В.П., Нестеренок В.Ф., Нестеренок М.С., Позняк А.С. Геодезия в
строительстве. Учебник. Минск РИПО. 2019 г.
3. ME’MORCHILIK va QURILISH MUAMMOLARI (ilmiy-texnik jurnal, part-2 “Ko‘p
qavatli baland binolar qurilishida geodezik ishlar aniqligini tadqiq qilish” 125-page.
4. Vaníček, P., & Krakiwsky, E. J. (1986). Geodesy: The Concepts. North-Holland.
5. BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Designers,
Engineers, Contractors, and Facility Managers (4th ed).
