INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 889
THE EFFECT OF THE ANTIOXIDANT DIBUNOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE OF
BLOOD SERUM IN RABBITS WITH EXPERIMENTAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Tayirova Guldona Sanjarbekovna
Student of the 2nd year, Faculty of Medicine, General Medicine Department,
Andijan Branch of Kokand University
Saydullaev Toyirjon
Scientific Advisor: Head of the Department of Medical Biology and Histology, ADTI,
PhD in Medical Sciences, Associate Professor
Abstract:
Atherosclerosis is a widespread and severe systemic disease and remains a leading
cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the effect of
the antioxidant dibunol on the serum lipid profile in rabbits with experimentally induced
atherosclerosis. The results demonstrated that dibunol significantly reduced serum cholesterol,
triglycerides, and beta-lipoprotein levels, confirming its potential for atherosclerosis prevention
and therapy.
Keywords:
Atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, antioxidant, dibunol, lipid metabolism,
cholesterol, triglycerides, beta-lipoproteins, experimental model, prevention.
Relevance of the Study:
Atherosclerosis and its complications, particularly ischemic heart disease, are among the
leading causes of death and disability worldwide [1]. According to WHO, in 2021,
cardiovascular diseases accounted for approximately 20.5 million deaths globally, constituting
nearly one-third of all deaths. Notably, 85% of these were associated with atherosclerotic
cardiovascular conditions. In 2019, cardiovascular diseases caused 107,394 deaths in
Uzbekistan, placing the country among those with the highest mortality rates from such
diseases. Daily smoking prevalence among men stands at 24.1%, a major risk factor for
cardiovascular pathology. Given the disease's significant impact on modern healthcare systems,
especially within the context of Uzbekistan, the development of effective prevention and
treatment methods is imperative. In-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
and disorders of lipid metabolism is key to developing effective pharmacological agents. From
this perspective, antioxidants play a crucial role in the prevention of atherosclerosis [2].
Atherosclerosis: Pathogenetic Basis and Clinical Manifestations
Atherosclerosis is a chronic and progressive disease resulting from the accumulation of
cholesterol, lipoproteins (especially LDL), lipids, and mineral substances in arterial walls [6].
These substances damage the endothelium—the inner layer of arteries—undergo oxidation, and
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 890
trigger inflammatory responses [3]. Consequently, atheromatous plaques form beneath the
endothelial layer.
Stages of Pathogenesis:
Endothelial Dysfunction: Triggered by risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, and
hyperglycemia, leading to microscopic endothelial injury and infiltration of lipoproteins. Lipid
Accumulation and Oxidation: Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) oxidize within the vascular wall.
Macrophages engulf these oxidized particles, transforming into foam cells. Inflammation:
Monocytes, T-lymphocytes, and inflammatory mediators (e.g., IL-1, TNF-α) amplify the
inflammatory process, promoting plaque growth and complexity [4]. Plaque Complication and
Calcification: Formation of necrotic zones, fibrous collagen layers, and calcium deposits leads
to arterial stiffening and loss of elasticity [5]. Increased Risk of Thrombosis: Plaque rupture
may result in clot formation, leading to acute ischemic events such as myocardial infarction or
stroke.
Clinical Manifestations:
Atherosclerosis affects various vascular beds:Coronary Arteries: Chest pain (angina),
arrhythmias, heart failure [7]. Cerebral Arteries: Headache, visual disturbances, speech
impairment, imbalance, stroke. Peripheral Arteries (Lower Limbs): Claudication, cold
extremities, risk of necrosis. Clinicians distinguish between two stages of the disease:
Asymptomatic (Subclinical) Stage
Manifest (Clinical) Stage – when arterial stenosis becomes significant (>50%), leading to
symptom development.
Materials and Methods:
An experimental model of atherosclerosis was established in laboratory rabbits. Cholesterol
emulsion in cottonseed oil was administered daily via an elastic gastric tube for 30–60 days.
This led to a significant increase in serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and beta-
lipoproteins. Subsequently, rabbits in the experimental group received dibunol at a dose of 30
mg/kg div weight. All biochemical parameters were assessed using standard laboratory
diagnostic techniques.
Results and Discussion:
In rabbits with induced experimental atherosclerosis, serum cholesterol levels were
significantly elevated. Upon administration of dibunol, the following improvements in lipid
parameters were observed: Cholesterol: Decreased from 387.42 mg% to 108.4 mg%.
Triglycerides: Decreased from 947 mg% to 73.7 mg%. Beta-lipoproteins: Decreased from
685.77 mg% to 351.32 mg%. These findings indicate that dibunol significantly attenuates lipid
metabolism disorders, which play a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Conclusion:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 891
The results of this experimental study demonstrated that the antioxidant dibunol is effective in
preventing and treating atherosclerosis. It exerts a beneficial effect by lowering serum
cholesterol, triglycerides, and beta-lipoprotein levels, thereby targeting critical components of
atherosclerotic pathogenesis. These findings highlight the potential use of antioxidants in both
the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Recommendations:
Dibunol may be considered as a supportive agent in the prevention and treatment of
atherosclerosis. Further clinical studies are necessary to evaluate its efficacy and safety in
humans. Moreover, incorporating antioxidant-rich foods into the daily diet and developing
antioxidant-based therapeutic strategies for patients with atherosclerosis are highly
recommended.
References:
1. Ross, R. (1999). Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. New England Journal of
Medicine, 340(2), 115–126.
2. Libby, P. (2002). Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature, 420(6917), 868–874.
3. Ross, R. (1999). Atherosclerosis—An Inflammatory Disease. New England Journal of
Medicine, 340(2), 115–126. doi:10.1056/NEJM199901143400207
4. Libby, P., Ridker, P.M., Hansson, G.K. (2011). Inflammation in Atherosclerosis: From
Pathophysiology to Practice. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 54(23), 2129–
2138. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.09.009
5. Kumar, V., Abbas, A.K., Aster, J.C. (2020). Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease.
10th Ed. Elsevier.
6. Jo‘raqulov, Sh.R., Alimov, A.A. Propedeutics of Internal Diseases. – Tashkent: “Tibbiyot”
Publishing, 2018. – p. 420.
7. Mamatqulov, A., Yusupova, M.X. Clinical Therapy: Cardiovascular Diseases. – Tashkent:
“Science and Technology”, 2020. – p. 368.
