INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 937
THE GENRE DOMAIN OF TOURISM DISCOURSE
Kodirov Sobirjon Solijon ugli
PhD in Philological Sciences
Andijan State University
Abstract:
Within the framework of this study, the genre of tourism discourse is explored as one
of the rapidly developing directions in contemporary linguistics. The research reveals the vast
expressive and communicative potential embedded in speech acts related to tourism. The
discussion is enriched with reflections on the scope and structure of the genre field.
Keywords:
Genre field of tourism, syntactic structure of speech genres, differentiation and
classification of speech genres, institutional genres, personal genres.
Introduction.
Today, as linguistic scholars show growing interest in the study of texts, genres
are increasingly being examined as independent categories of speech. This rising attention
brings to the forefront the question of genre characteristics that define the distinctive forms of
texts based on their communicative purpose. Linguists emphasize that genres serve as the
fundamental basis for classifying texts into communicative formation classes.
From a linguistic perspective, a speech genre is considered “a component of a classificatory
structure,” wherein the genre is distinguished based on certain defining features—most often,
the communicative goal—and is assessed as a monologic structure. A speech genre, therefore,
represents a specific model of utterance [15.485]. As noted by M. Y. Fedosyuk: “A speech
genre is a phenomenon of speech activity, a model of consciousness. Genre studies, from the
viewpoint of syntactic organization of speech, reflect a complex systemic-structural
phenomenon—an aggregate of numerous speech acts, selected and unified based on a defined
communicative goal, indirectly connected to reality not in isolation, but through the mediation
of speech genres”.[3.121]
The study of genre-related issues finds its foundation in the seminal work of renowned cultural
theorist and philologist M. M. Bakhtin. His essay "The Problem of Speech Genres", [2.159]
published in 1979, has since been recognized by the academic linguistic community as a
classical scholarly text and continues to shape modern genre theory and genre linguistics.
Speech genres are multifaceted constructs that encompass the comprehensive characterization
of distinct spoken forms. The oral manifestations of speech genres, along with their structural
composition and classification, lie at the heart of this inquiry.
Mikhail Bakhtin emphasizes that in every utterance, three components—namely, thematic
content, style, and compositional structure—must be interconnected to form an integral whole.
While each utterance is, without doubt, individual in nature, every functional sphere of
language usage gives rise to relatively stable types of utterances, which are commonly referred
to as “speech genres”[2.236]. This leads to the conclusion that speech genres are characterized
by a certain degree of conventionalization and recurrence.
Materials and Methods.
The syntax of speech genres has been substantively and extensively
explored in linguistics. The linguistic study of speech genres, or generistics, relies on a well-
formed methodology and employs theoretical terminology drawn from speech act theory.
According to linguist G. A. Zolotova, “The theory of speech genres reveals its specific
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 938
characteristics within the semiotic paradigm of ‘semantics – syntaseme – pragmatics.”[4.440].
The term syntaseme, widely used in Zolotova’s work, is defined as “The minimal semantic-
syntactic unit of the Russian language, which functions as the bearer of elementary meaning
while simultaneously serving as a constructive component in more complex syntactic
structures”[4.440].
In her dissertation, S. D. Nurmonova emphasizes the use of the term as a component of the
semantic structure of speech. In the given example, each word possesses its own semantics.
These words, being grammatically and semantically interconnected, form a syntaseme. “Within
this unity, the words convey not only their inherent semantics but also express pragmatic
meaning. For instance, in the sentence involving ‘birida’ (‘in one of them’), this element
implies the frequent recurrence of such recollections. In another sentence, where Anvar is
mentioned, the target of the curse is understood through the conveyed pragmatic
meaning”[11.12-13].
Thus, the linguistic aspects of speech genres are explored by generistics. If the speech genre is a
model of consciousness, then generistics, from the perspective of speech genre syntax, reflects a
model of a complex aggregate of speech acts selected and unified based on a specific
communicative goal.
Results and Discussion
.Pragmatics is intrinsically linked to philosophy and logical semantics.
It comprises various branches, all of which share a central idea: linguistic research must
account for the human factor. One such branch, emerging from pragmatics, is the theory of
speech genres, which focuses on analyzing the internal structure of speech genre components.
Sh. Safarov, discussing the development of pragmatics in global linguistics, concludes:
“Nowadays, it would be difficult for anyone to deny that linguistics has become a human-
centered, anthropological science”[13.230].
A. Nurmonov points out that the transmission and reception of information can convey
additional meaning (i.e., thought), and that this process occurs outside the internal structure of
language itself. He asserts: “In the semantics of any utterance, the speaker’s communicative
intention and modality must be reflected”.[9.42-45]
Pragmatics is a linguistic discipline that studies the relationship between language and its users.
It examines the context in which speech segments and speech acts occur. As can be seen,
pragmatics faces two main issues:
1.
Identifying the types of speech genres and the “products” of speech.
2.
Determining the features and properties of context that influence the expression of
presupposition in an utterance.
There are numerous principles for distinguishing and classifying speech genres, which vary
from one another. For example, speech genres can be classified as follows:
1.
Thematic, i.e., based on the purpose or subject of the genre (e.g., conversations about
politics, weather, sports, prices; international news, information about a country on television or
the internet, etc.);
2.
Local, i.e., based on external conditions and the place of communication (e.g.,
conversations among members of the same party, on the beach, in a train, at a market);
3.
Based on the status or roles of the interlocutors (e.g., conversations among women,
among men, between a guide and a tourist, between a client and a lawyer, etc.);
4.
Based on the interlocutors’ mutual relationships (e.g., a conversation, an oath, a
congratulation, a condolence), and others. [11.13]
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 939
According to P. Serio, texts are governed by discursive mechanisms. [14.27] Discourse reflects
the structural organization of communicative interaction and the principles that form its content.
Discourse is connected with texts belonging to a specific field of topics and is expressed
through a variety of genres.
Research on genre-related problems can be categorized into the following fields:
Literary;
Linguistic;
Discursive.
A literary genre refers to a compositional structure that frequently recurs in different works due
to the specific nature of the events reflected and the author’s attitude toward them. Literary
genres are traditionally divided into types such as epic, lyric, drama, novel, short story, tale, and
so on.
The linguistic concept of genre is a tool for describing texts in a clearly linguistic sense, and
“the concept of genre ensures the consideration of the text as a specific form and the method of
its actualization”.[12.718]
From the perspective of discourse analysis, the genre of a text is discussed in terms of the
pragmatic orientation that originates from the speaker and the purposeful attitude that it
expresses. [5.512]
Conclusion.
Discourse analysis reflects the pragmatic purpose of the text, including its
meaning and the information it conveys about a specific subject area. For instance, discourse
genres relevant to the field of tourism are analyzed as a basis for communication within that
sphere.
At present, considerable attention in linguistics is devoted to the study of various speech genres
within specific institutional speech frameworks. The pragmatic aspects of such texts are of
crucial importance for their discursive analysis.
It is also important to consider that depending on the form of presentation, speech is divided
into oral and written types. This research focuses on analyzing written tourism discourse, as it is
linked to texts representing the sphere of social activity.
Thus, tourism discourse is closely related to advertising and other communicative and speech
spheres, which, in turn, are manifested in specific discursive genres.
Institutional genres include:
brochures,
booklets,
guidebooks,
information sheets,
tourism catalogues.
Personal genres include:
travelers’ reviews,
comments related to tourism,
journalists’ presentations on the outcomes of travel, and others.
The discursive genres listed above can be described as written-informative genres, as the
informative function predominates in them. Brochures and manuals related to tourism provide
information about the most widely produced and popular publications in the tourism industry.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 940
Used Literature:
1. Aнтoнoвa, В.И. Трaнсфoрмaции типoлoгическoй и жaнрoвoй систем в сoвременнoй
журнaлистике (пo мaтериaлaм печaтных издaний Пoвoлжскoгo региoнa): Aвтoреф.
дисс. …д-рa филoл. нaук: 10.01.10 / В.И.Aнтoнoвa. – Кaзaнь, 2006. – 34 с.
2. Бaхтин М.М. Прoблемa речевых жaнрoв. // Бaхтин М.М. Сoбр. сoч. – Мoсквa:
Русские слoвaри, 1996. – Т. 5. – 159-206 с.
3. Дементьев В.В. Изучение речевых жaнрoв: Oбзoр рaбoт в сoвременнoй русистике /
В.В.Дементьев // Вoпрoсы языкoзнaния. – 1997. – № 1. – 109-121 с.
4. Зoлoтoвa Г.A. Синтaксический слoвaрь: Репертуaр элементaрных синтaксических
единиц русскoгo синтaксисa. – Мoсквa: Нaукa, 1988. – 440 с.
5. Кубрякoвa Е.С. Язык и знaние: Нa пути пoлучения знaний o языке: Чaсти речи с
кoгнитивнoй тoчки зрения. Рoль языкa в пoзнaнии мирa,/ Е.С.Кубрякoвa. – М.: Языки
слaвянскoй культуры, 2004. – 512 с.
6. Нурмoнoв A. Лингвистик прaгмaтикaнинг нaзaрий шaкллaниши // ЎТA, 2001, 4. – Б.
54-57
7. Нурмoнoв A. Синтaктик бирликлaрнинг прaгмaтик тoмoни. // ЎТA, 2000. 5. – Б. 22-
24.
8. Нурмoнoв A. Тaсдиқ вa инкoрнинг пaрaлингвистик вoситaлaр ёрдaмидa
ифoдaлaниши // ЎТA, 1978, 1. – Б. 31-34
9. Нурмoнoв. A.Кўмaкчили кoнструкциялaр пресуппoзицияси // ЎТA,1986, 6, –Б. 42-45.
10. Нурмoнoвa С.Д. Ўзбек тилидaги қaсaм нутқий жaнрининг лингвoмaдaний тaдқиқи:
Филол. фан. б-ча фалс. д-ри дисс. автoреф. – Aндижoн, 2022. – Б. 12-13.
11. Нурмoнoвa С.Д. Ўзбек тилидaги қaсaм нутқий жaнрининг лингвoмaдaний тaдқиқи:
Филол. фан. б-ча фалс. д-ри дисс. автoреф. – Aндижoн, 2022 . – Б.12-13.
12. С.Кубрякoвoй.Жaнр текстa кaк лингвистическaя реaльнoсть // Гoризoнты
сoвременнoй лингвистики. Трaдиции и нoвaтoрствo. Сбoрник в честь юбилея. – М.,
2009. – 714-718 с. (сoвместнo с Н.С.Бaбенкo).
13. Сaфaрoв Ш. Прaгмaлингвистикa. – Тoшкент: Ўзбекистoн миллий энцеклoпедияси,
2008. – 230 б.
14. Сериo П. Кaк читaют тексты вo Фрaнции: пер. с фрaнц. и пoртугaл. / П.Сериo //
Квaдрaтурa смыслa: Фрaнцузскaя шкoлa aнaлизa дискурсa: / пoд ред. П. Сериo. – М.:
Прoгресс, 1999. – 27 с.
15. Эффективнoе речевoе oбщение (бaзoвые кoмпетенции) // Слoвaрь-спрaвoчник. –
Крaснoярск: Сибирский федерaльный ун-т, 2012. – 485 с.
