INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1936
METHODS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING BASED ON THE BIOLOGICAL AGE OF
BASKETBALL PLAYERS: A REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
Sabirova Nasiba Rasulovna
Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute of Uzbekistan, Bukhara city
Keywords:
basketball players, age-related physical indicators, biological age, Peak Height
Velocity (PHV), training methodology, physical development, individual training.
Abstract:
This article analyzes the scientific research of Uzbek, Russian, and foreign scientists
on the methods of developing age-related physical indicators of basketball players. The
importance of optimizing physical fitness and effectively organizing the training process, taking
into account the biological age of young athletes, is emphasized. The article provides
information about Peak Height Velocity (PHV) - the concept of the fastest growth period and
its importance in sports. The research results show that age-appropriate training methods help
improve physical qualities and reduce the risk of injuries.
Introduction.
Basketball is a complex and dynamic sport that requires physical strength,
speed, endurance, quick thinking, and a high level of coordination. The success of athletes often
depends on their physical fitness and technical skills, and especially in the process of training
young athletes, it is necessary to take into account the growth characteristics of their div,
biological age, and individual characteristics. Age-appropriate training methods play an
important role in the development of physical performance of young basketball players. The
reason is that each athlete's div responds differently at different stages of growth and
development. Growth rates and changes in the musculoskeletal system, especially during
adolescence, change the requirements for physical activity. Therefore, coaches and scientists
emphasize the need to accurately assess the biological age of young athletes and adapt the
training process accordingly.
One of the important indicators in determining biological age is Peak Height Velocity (PHV),
that is, the period of peak growth. The PHV stage plays an important role in the formation of
athletes' physical potential, since it is during this period that their muscle strength, speed,
endurance, and coordination change rapidly. Therefore, adapting training loads and training to
the PHV stage allows reducing the risk of injuries and maximizing the athlete's development.
In the scientific research of Uzbek, Russian, and foreign scientists, numerous studies are
being conducted on the development of physical fitness of young athletes in accordance with
age. These studies contribute to the improvement of methodological approaches and the
creation of individualized training systems. Also, taking into account age-related characteristics
in the development of physical qualities (strength, speed, endurance, coordination) increases the
possibility of preventing injuries and achieving long-term success in sports.
This article analyzes the scientific works of Uzbek, Russian, and foreign scientists on the
methods of developing the physical performance of young basketball players, and also
discusses age-appropriate training approaches, the concept of PHV, and their practical
significance. The article serves to create a methodological basis for optimizing the training of
young athletes and protecting them from injuries.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1937
Literature review
. Russian scientist A. V. Ivanov (2017) studied the relationship between
biological age and physical fitness and identified changes in such indicators as basketball
players' growth rate (PHV) and muscle strength, speed. Ivanov's research showed that special
training is important for increasing muscle strength during the most active period of growth.
E. N. Petrova (2019) developed training programs for the development of endurance and
strength indicators. He proposed special methods for young athletes, taking into account
recovery and physiological adaptation. Petrova believes that the training loads of young
basketball players should correspond to their biological age and growth stage.
V. I. Smirnov (2018) developed methods for periodizing the training process of young
basketball players. According to Smirnov's research, it is necessary to manage training intensity,
taking into account the development of muscle strength and coordination at different stages of
the growth period.
T. A. Kozlova (2020) created training systems that combined the technical and physical
training of young athletes. Kozlova emphasized the importance of taking into account
individual characteristics using an age-appropriate approach in increasing the effectiveness of
training.
One of the scientists from Uzbekistan, Sh.Akhmedov, having studied the biological and
chronological aspects of the age of basketball players, emphasizes that it can directly affect the
level of their physical fitness. In his opinion, coaches should adapt training sessions, taking into
account the individual characteristics of young players.
Sh.Yuldashev worked on the endurance and strength indicators of young basketball players.
In his research, he developed a special cardiorespiratory and strength training system for young
children. He also introduced special tests to assess the physical capabilities of players.
Tursunov focuses on the methodology of developing coordination, speed, and agility in
basketball players. He emphasizes that it is possible to effectively develop physical qualities by
planning individual and group training, taking into account biological age.
N. Ismailov worked on optimizing the physical and technical performance of basketball
players depending on the playing position. In his works, the importance of a balance between
biological age, technical training, and psychological state is emphasized.
In the views of foreign scientists Leonardi and Carvalho (2018), who studied the influence of
biological age (PHV) and chronological age on physical indicators in basketball players, came
to the following conclusion:
- biological age, especially the PHV period, strength, speed, and agility.
- a large number of training years develops technical skills, such as dribbling, shooting, and
passing.
Thus, physical and technical development are two separate factors, and they should be
developed with a separate approach.
Guimarães et al. (2024, MDPI) suggest that the early biological maturation of basketball
players (early matures) makes them superior in strength, vertical jump, and speed, but technical
skills depend on years of training. Therefore, coaches should organize groups according to
biological age and implement an individual approach.
Delectrate and others improve agility (speed and movement speed) in basketball players
during the PHV period, as well as strength and neuromuscular adaptation increase in the post-
PHV period. These changes indicate the need for age-appropriate physical training.
Barazetti et al. (2019), the level of biological maturation of basketball players varies
depending on their playing position. For example, point guards often mature later. This is an
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1938
important factor in developing age-appropriate and position-appropriate training programs for
coaches.
Samozino, Beunen, and Malina's strength and power spruts occur near the PHV stage of
biological maturation, therefore coaches recommend intensifying the strength training during
this period. The maturation process plays a significant role in developing strength, speed, and
endurance in young basketball players.
Conclusion.
Both Russian, Uzbek, and foreign scientists show the need to protect the health
of athletes through age-appropriate loads. Abroad, in particular in the FIBA and NBA academic
programs, it is recommended to reduce overloads due to the fact that the musculoskeletal
system is still weak during PHV. Uzbek scientist Sh. Yuldashev proposed the use of special
exercises (stretching, adaptation exercises) in the prevention of injuries at each age stage.
Based on the opinions of Russian, Uzbek, and foreign scientists, the main priorities in the
development of physical indicators of young basketball players are the determination of
biological age, taking into account the PHV period, the application of individualized training
programs, periodization of loads, and attention to recovery.
These general approaches show that young athletes should be trained not on the basis of "the
same for everyone" training, but in a way that corresponds to the growth stage, physiological
and psychological characteristics of each athlete.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1939
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