INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 08,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
365
THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN SURKHANDARYA
REGION (1991–2021) AND ITS METHODOLOGICAL ROLE IN FORMING
ANALYTICAL SKILLS OF STUDENTS
Norbayev Temur Rustamovich
Termez is a stylist of the Graduate Department of the State Pedagogical Institute
Abstract :
This article examines the changes in rural infrastructure in Surkhandarya region
during the years of independence (1991–2021). Particular attention is paid to the construction of
roads, electricity and gas supply, water systems, as well as social facilities such as schools,
hospitals, and cultural centers. It also analyzes the methodology of teaching these processes to
students in order to develop their analytical skills.
Keywords:
Rural infrastructure, Surkhandarya, education methodology, analytical skills,
independence years, reforms
.
Introduction The years of independence in Uzbekistan have brought about radical changes
in the rural infrastructure of Surkhandarya region. Roads were repaired and expanded,
electricity and natural gas were delivered to remote villages, and social institutions were
modernized. These changes not only improved the lives of the population but also became an
important historical source for educating students. Studying such transformations
methodologically allows learners to develop analytical thinking and understand socio-economic
processes in depth. Main Part From 1991 to 2021, over 2,000 kilometers of internal roads were
reconstructed in Surkhandarya. Electricity networks were updated, and many villages gained
access to natural gas. Schools, medical centers, and cultural institutions were established in
rural areas. These processes became a new stage in the development of rural life. For students,
analyzing such changes is not only about acquiring knowledge of history but also about forming
critical and analytical thinking. Through comparing statistical data, interpreting diagrams, and
examining documents, learners develop the ability to establish cause-and-effect relationships
Research ObjectThe history of rural infrastructure changes in Surkhandarya region during
1991–202 Research Methodology Historical-documentary analysis – based on official decrees,
statistics, and archive data. Pedagogical experiment – testing the methods of teaching this topic
in classroom conditions. Comparative method – analyzing the pre-independence and post-
independence infrastructure. Observation – monitoring students’ progress during the
experiment Experimental Process In the experimental lessons, students were given tasks to
analyze road construction, energy supply, and social infrastructure. They compared the data of
the 1990s and 2020s using tables and diagrams. As a result, students demonstrated improved
analytical thinking and increased interest in local history.Achievements and Challenges
Achievements: Students learned to evaluate historical processes through socio-economic
perspectives. Analytical skills were significantly strengthened. Interest in local sources and
statistics increased. The above-mentioned monograph by A.Hazratqulov describes the study of
many problems of the social sphere in Uzbekistan in the 70s and 90s, as well as reflections on
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 08,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
366
their elimination. S.Tursunov's monograph problems of improving housing and household
conditions of rural people " is valuable for its involvement in the topic under direct study. The
author thoroughly studied the activities of the rural housing and household service network and
summarizes information about rural housing conditions in the conditions of Soviet rule. In the
Monographs of M. Nurmuhammedova and Y.Ergasheva, issues in the cultural sphere and their
solution are studied in the villages of Uzbekistan. In particular, the monograph of M.
Nurmuhammedova reflects on the human factor and rural social development, cultural and
whitening institutions, various folk holidays. In the historiography of the subject of cultural
history, a special place is occupied by the monograph of the Yu.Ergasheva "Kultura
Uzbekistana: tendentsii i problemi razvitiya". In this monograph, The History of almost all
directions of the cultural sphere was studied in Uzbekistan in the 50-60 years of the 20th
century. The author touches on the specific pros and cons of the life of Public Education, the
system of secondary and higher education, science, literature and art, cultural and educational
institutions and the media in Uzbekistan, in particular in the southern regions. Studies and
literature created by representatives of the socio-humanitarian sphere, which analyzed various
aspects of rural infrastructure, were introduced. The topic studied in the studies of T.Abdullaev,
Z.Ismailova, I.Ramazonov, M. Eshmatov was analyzed from a philosophical point of view and
summarized thoughts on the spiritual image of rural youth, socio-political and spiritual factors
of updating the rural lifestyle, the problem of approaching the lives of urban and rural residents.
The research of R.Muratov, Z.Khudoyberdiev, R.Egamberdiev, B.Yangiboev, Sh.Qarshiev is
devoted to the study of rural economic life, which provides information on the provision of
rural residents with food, light industrial products ConclusionThe development of rural
infrastructure in Surkhandarya region during the independence years represents one of the
brightest examples of Uzbekistan’s progress. Teaching these processes with modern
pedagogical methods not only provides students with historical knowledge but also cultivates
analytical thinking.
References:
1. Mirziyoyev Sh.M. New Uzbekistan Strategy. – Tashkent: Uzbekistan, 2021.
2. Decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on rural development. – Tashkent,
2017–2021.
3. State Statistics Committee. Rural Infrastructure Indicators. – Tashkent, 2020.4. Surkhandarya
Regional Statistics Department. – Termiz, 2021.
5. Khudoyqulov M. Methodology of Teaching History. – Tashkent: Teacher, 2019.
6. Musurmonova O. Pedagogical Research Methods. – Tashkent: Innovation, 2019.
7. Qodirova D. The Role of Rural Infrastructure in Society Development. – Tashkent: Science,
2020.8. Rakhmonov N. Socio-economic Development of Surkhandarya. – Termiz: Surkhan,
2021.
9. Tashqulov Sh. Education and Analytical Thinking. – Tashkent, 2018.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 08,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
367
10. Sharipov O. Modernization of Rural Life in Uzbekistan. – Tashkent: Fan va texnologiya,
2020.
11. Ismoilova G. Students’ Analytical Skills Development. – Tashkent: Enlightenment, 2021.
