INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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Journal:
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VERBALIZATION OF SOMATIC OBJECTS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Zokirova Dilsora
Teacher of the Fakulty of Foreign languages
Karshi state university
Abstract
:Somatic objects are words and phrases related to parts of the human div. They are
often used as metaphors and idioms. For example, in English is used, the expression "keep an
eye" or in Uzbek, the phrase "qo’li ochiq" (generous). Such expressions play an important role in
reflecting thought processes and cultural values.
Keywords
:Somatic objects, somatic units, paremological texts, proverbs, sayings
Аннотация:
Соматические объекты – это слова и словосочетания, связанные с частями
тела человека. Они часто используются как метафоры и фразеологизмы. Например, в
английском языке есть выражение «держать глаз» (быть глазом-ухом) или в узбекском
языке есть выражение «qo’li ochiq» (щедрый). Такие фразы играют важную роль в
выражении мышления и культурных ценностей людей.
Ключевые слова:
Соматические объекты, соматические единицы, паремиологические
тексты, пословицы, маталы
Introduction
: Somatic units are terms related to the human div and hold an important
place in the phraseological, paremological, and metaphorical systems of every language.
Paremological texts consist of folk proverbs, matals, and wise sayings, reflecting national
thinking and worldview. This article analyzes how somatic objects are represented in
paremological texts in English and Uzbek languages. Somatic units have peculiarities in different
languages. Some somatic units can be dire Paremological texts Paremological texts
Paremological texts Paremological texts ctly translated, but others differ in meaning. For
example, the English phrase "cold feet" means fear or hesitation, while in Uzbek, this concept is
expressed differently. Each language has important linguistic units reflecting national culture,
history, and worldview. Among such units, paremological texts, including proverbs and matals,
hold a special place. This article analyzes how somatic objects, which are concepts related to the
human div, are represented in paremological texts in both English and Uzbek languages.
Somatic idioms are also culturally significant as they reveal similarities and differences between
languages and cultures.
Somatic objects in paremological texts:
1.
In Uzbek:
"Ko‘rgan ko‘z olar, ko‘rmagan so‘rar." (A knowledgeable person will act, while an
unknowledgeable person will ask.)
"Oyoqni uzatib yotma, to‘shakni keng ol." (It is important to act and expand opportunities.)
"Bosh qayerga borsa, oyoq ham o‘sha tomonga boradi." (Where the leader goes, the team
follows.)
2.
In English:
"Actions speak louder than words."
"The apple never falls far from the tree."
"A slip of the tongue."
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 02,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1122
Similarities and Comparisons
: Proverbs based on somatic units in English and Uzbek
languages may express similar meanings, but their forms of expression differ. For example, in
Uzbek, "Ko‘zi ochiq" refers to a wise and perceptive person, while in English, "sharp-eyed" or
"keen-eyed" carries a similar meaning. Additionally, some somatic phrases do not have direct
equivalents in English and Uzbek, but they share common cultural and logical connections.
Somatic objects in paremological texts
:
Somatic objects in the analyzed proverbs and matals refer to different parts of the human
div and are used either metaphorically or literally. Somatic units in both English and Uzbek
languages can be divided into the following categories:
Head and face-related paremological units
In English: "Use your head" (Think with your head), "Don't lose your face" (Don't lose your
honor)
In Uzbek: "Odamning boshi – bir dunyo" (Everyone's life and worldview are different),
"Yuzsiz odamdan qo‘rqma" (Don't fear a person without shame)
Hand and foot-related units
In English: "Lend a hand" (Help), "Don't pull my leg" (Don't deceive me)
In Uzbek: "Qo‘li ochiq" (Generous), "Oyog‘i yengil" (A person who brings luck)
Eye-related units
In English: "The eyes are the window to the soul," "Turn a blind eye" (Ignore something)
In Uzbek: "Ko‘rgan ko‘z uyalmaydi" (A person who has done something will not be ashamed of
it), "Ko‘zi ochiq odam" (A wise, perceptive person)
Heart and tongue-related units
In English: "Have a heart" (Be kind), "Cat got your tongue?" (Why are you silent?)
In Uzbek: "Yuragi katta" (Generous), "Tilida zahar bor" (His words are heavy)
Metaphorical meanings of somatic objects
:
In many cases, the concepts expressed through somatic objects are used in either direct or
figurative senses. For example:
Head
: A symbol of thought and intellect.
Hand
: Represents help, labor, or cunning.
Eye
: A symbol of wisdom, attention, or indifference.
Heart
: A symbol of courage, generosity, or love.
Tongue
: Represents the ability to speak, truth, or lies.
Although these metaphorical meanings may have distinct features depending on the language
and culture, they often reflect common concepts.
Differences
and
similarities
in
English
and
Uzbek
languages
:
When comparing somatic paremological units in English and Uzbek, the following aspects
should be considered:
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 02,2025
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Similarities:
In both languages, somatic objects are used to express emotional and social
states.Many proverbs describe a person's intellect, experience, and social relationships.Somatic
units evaluate human behavior and moral qualities.
Differences:
English proverbs frequently use phrases related to "hand" and "eye," while
Uzbek proverbs are more centered around "head," "face," and "heart."In English, some somatic
expressions are used in their literal sense (e.g., "Give someone a hand"), while in Uzbek, similar
expressions are often used metaphorically (e.g., "Qo‘li ochiq" meaning "Generous").The word
"heart" is used more frequently in Uzbek (e.g., "Yuragi katta" meaning "Generous"), while
English heart-related phrases are used less often.
Frequency of usage
: Somatic expressions involving "hand" and "eye" are more common in
English, while in Uzbek, those involving "head," "face," and "heart" are more widespread. The
word "heart" is used more figuratively in Uzbek (e.g., "Yuragi katta" meaning "Generous"),
whereas in English, heart-related expressions are less common.
Semantic differences
: In English, the phrase "give someone a hand" is used literally, while
the Uzbek phrase "qo‘li ochiq" (generous) is used metaphorically. The Uzbek expression "boshi
berk ko‘cha" refers to a problematic situation, while in English, the closest equivalents might be
"dead end" or "at a crossroads," but the context can vary.
Context and cultural influence
: The Uzbek expression "tili uzun" (a person who knows and
speaks others' secrets) is similar to the English expressions "have a big mouth" or "talkative," but
it is not always used negatively in both languages. The English expression "keep your head up"
(don't lose hope) resembles the Uzbek phrase "boshingni baland tut," but the emotional tone and
context of usage differ.
Conclusion
: The paremological texts based on somatic objects in English and Uzbek
languages reveal the connection between language and culture. As highlighted in this article,
somatic units are used to express human emotions, thoughts, and social relations in both
languages. However, their modes of expression and contexts of use differ depending on cultural
characteristics. This is significant for interlingual translation and linguistic-cultural research.
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