INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 02,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1140
UDK: 371. 035:370
METHODOLOGY FOR DESIGNING THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPING SPEECH
COMPETENCE IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Kаmunа Nаzаrovа
Researcher of Tashkent University of Applied Sciences
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9179-7330
Аннотация:
В данной статье исследуется Модель проектирования данного процесса,
выделяя проблемы и возможности, характерные для развития навыков эффективного
вербального общения в годы становления начального образования.
Ключевые
слова:
образование,
речь,
компетентность,
слово,
логическая
последовательность.
Annotation:
this article explores the model of designing this process, highlighting the problems
and opportunities inherent in the development of effective verbal communication skills during
the formative years of primary education.
Keywords
: education, speech, competence, vocabulary, logical sequence.
Introduction
Speech is the activity of a person who uses language to communicate, express emotions,
form thoughts, explore the world around him, plan his actions, etc. Speech is not only a process,
but also a result: whether it is speech texts, oral or written, such as books, stories, songs, etc.
Speech is the perception of language that manifests itself only in speech. Speech is material, it is
perceived by the senses. It is clear, associated with objects of reality, can be assessed from the
point of view of reality, it seeks an intentional and ambiguous goal, it depends on the situation,
develops in dynamics, time and space, is subjective and individual. Types of speech: external
and internal; external are divided into oral and written; according to monologue and dialogue, as
well as Styles and genres.
The development of students ' speech is the process of mastering speech: language tools
(phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, speech culture, styles) and speech mechanisms-its perception
and expression of their thoughts. The process of speech development occurs in preschool and
school age and adults. The term speech development is also used in a narrow methodological
sense: special educational activities of teachers and students, language acquisition; the
corresponding section of the Uzbek language methodology course. The main conditions for the
successful development of speech by students at school are: the development of physiological
mechanisms of speech; communication, the need to express thought; the presence of a speech
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 02,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1141
environment that feeds the developing speech of a preschool child with linguistic means; the
presence of important, meaningful material that constitutes the content of speech; language, its
patterns, the constant correction of speech, learned rules, mastering the culture of speech. The
development of speech is inseparable from the development of thinking and contributes to it
itself. Speech development can be spontaneous, but such speech can turn out to be incorrect,
poor. Therefore, the school has developed and is using a system for the development of student
speech. This includes the organization of speech situations, the organization of the speech
environment, dictionary work, syntactic exercises, work on the text (coherent speech), intonation,
speech correction and improvement. All work on the development of speech is based on the
course of grammar, vocabulary, phonetics, word making, Stylistics, as well as speech and text
theory, which is not included in the curriculum of students, but is used as a basis for the
methodology for the development of students ' speech.
Literature analysis and methodology
M. R. In his dictionary, Lviv defines the concept of speech quality (in terms of achieving
communicative goals) as characteristics of its meaningful and formal aspects: correctness,
accuracy, logic, purity, wealth, expressiveness, relevance, relevance. Assessing the quality of
speech, they use the concept of communicative expediency of all aspects of it. [1]
The main qualities of speech:
Accuracy of speech.
The accuracy of speech is often associated with the accuracy of the use of words.
The accuracy of the use of the word depends on how well the speaker knows the topic of
speech, how knowledgeable he is, whether he knows logical thinking, whether he knows the
laws of the Uzbek language, its rules. Thus, the accuracy of speech is determined by: -
knowledge of the subject, - the logic of thinking, - the ability to choose the right words.
A violation of the logical sequence, the lack of logic in the presentation, leads to the
ambiguity of speech. Let's see in which cases the accuracy of speech is impaired as a result of
insufficient knowledge of the features of the language. The most typical of these: the use of
words in an unusual sense; the ambiguity, which is not eliminated by the context, causes
ambiguity; the mixing of paronyms, homonyms.
Each important word performs a nominative function, that is, it names an object or its
quality, action, state. This forces speakers to pay attention to the meaning of words and use them
correctly. A frivolous attitude to language can lead to misunderstandings, incorrect actions,
conclusions, violation of speech ethics, and sometimes even quarrels. For example, Uzbek has
verbs: go out, go down, go down, go out, go down. What action does each of them call? How do
they differ in meaning? How to ask correctly:
– (qayiqda) keyingi iskala bor...?
– (poezdda) siz keyingi stantsiyadasiz...?
– (avtobus, trolleybus, tramvay) siz keyingi bekatdasiz...?
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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page 1142
When a steamer or boat lands on the pier, the gangplank is laid and passengers get off it.
When you go by train or city train, you need to go down the stairs. Therefore, in both cases: "I
go, you go."Buses, trolleybuses and trams have an entrance (rear door) and an exit (front door),
so public transport travelers go in and out. However, let's also guess the question: "Are you
going down at the next stop?"because in this case you have to go down the stairs.
Ignorance of the presence of paronyms and homonyms in the language reduces the
accuracy of speech, and also cannot neutralize these phenomena in speech.Ignorance of the
presence of paronyms and homonyms in the language reduces the accuracy of speech, and also
cannot neutralize these phenomena in speech.
Paronyms (para – close, Anima – noun) are words that are similar in sound and spelling,
but differ in meaning. The presence of paronyms in the language leads to the misuse of one word
instead of another word in oral and written speech.The use of homonyms in speech, that is,
words that differ in meaning, but are identical in spelling and sound, can also lead to semantic
ambiguity and speech ambiguity. [5]
Accuracy of speech. Among the requirements for the language of the speaker or writer, the
requirement for intelligibility stands out. M. M. Speransky (1772-1839) argued in the "rules of
high oratory" that speaking in a way we do not understand is " nonsense that transcends all
measures of nonsense."It is very important to comply with this requirement, since it is associated
with the effectiveness and effectiveness of the word of mouth.
According to the researchers, the general intelligibility of language is determined
primarily by the choice of means of speech, that is, the need to limit the use of words that are
located on the edge of a language dictionary and do not have the quality of communicative
commonality.
In terms of use, a huge dictionary of the language can be divided into two large groups –
an endless use dictionary containing frequently used words that are understandable to everyone,
and a limited use dictionary containing professionalism, dialectism, jargonism, terms, i.e. words
used in a particular field - professional, territorial, social.
The dictionary of the field of unlimited use consists of common words that under certain
social conditions should be understandable in all cases for all native speakers of this language:
bread, family, city, garden, notebook, schoolboy, doctor, Cold, Moon, Bird, love, strength. The
general dictionary of the Uzbek language is quite large. It is he who makes our speech open to
everyone who speaks Uzbek.
Conclusion
Thus, from all of the above, it can be concluded that the speech of children of primary
school age undergoes various changes and develops comprehensively under the influence of the
educational process.
List of literature used:
1. Бошланғич таълим давлат таълим стандарти ва ўқув дастури // Таълим тараққиёти
ахборотномаси. 7-махсус сон. –Т.: Шарқ, 1999. -479 б.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 02,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1143
2. Баркамол авлод орзуси. –Т.: Шарқ, 1999. -182 б.
3. Бошланғич таълим давлат таълим стандарти ва ўқув дастури // 2017. -479 б.
Монография, илмий мақола, патент, илмий тўпламлар
4. Абдукаримов Х. Профессиональное воспитание личности учителя в процесса
непрерывного педагогического образования. Автореф.дисс. ... докт. пед.наук.–Т.: 1997. –
46 с.
5. Абдуллаева Б.С. Фанлараро алоқадорликнинг методологик-дидактик
асослари
(ижтимоий-гуманитар йўналишидаги академик-лицейларда математика ўқитиш мисолида)
Пед.фан.док. дис...автореф. Т.: - 2006. – 49 б.
