INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1850
LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR PROTECTING CONSUMER RIGHTS IN E-
COMMERCE
Jаvоkhir Eshоnkulоv
jаvоxireshоnqulоv0724@gmаil.cоm
Lecturer оf Cyber Lаw Depаrtment,
Tаshkent Stаte University оf lаw, Uzbekistan
Elmira Bozorova
Toshkent State university of Law
The faculty of international law and comparative legislation
Annotation:
this article analyzes the legal framework for ensuring and protecting consumer
rights in the e-commerce process. The article also compares the legal mechanisms in national
legislation regarding the protection of Consumer Rights, their importance and their experiences
in protecting consumer rights in the field of e-commerce in foreign countries.
Keywords:
e-commerce, electronic signature, platform, digital content, electronic sales space
.
Аннотация:
в данной статье анализируются правовые основы обеспечения и защиты прав
потребителей в процессе электронной коммерции. В статье также сравниваются правовые
механизмы в национальном законодательстве, касающиеся защиты прав потребителей, их
важность и опыт зарубежных стран в области защиты прав потребителей в сфере
электронной коммерции.
Ключевые слова:
электронная коммерция, электронная подпись, платформа, цифровой
контент, электронное торговое пространство.
INTRODUCTION
In our developing time, the role of techniques and technology is incomparable. It is
difficult to imagine our daily lifestyle without Technologies, after all they make our work easier.
E-commerce has already become the main form of human commerce. That is why the provision
of consumer rights in e-commerce has already become a major issue. It is permissible to think
about e-commerce before touching on consumer rights in e-commerce. What is amateur e-
commerce itself?
E-commerce is the acquisition and sale of goods (works, services) within the
framework of entrepreneurial activity, carried out in accordance with the contract concluded
through the electronic trading platform using information systems. So, by e-commerce we can
say that it is a form of buying and selling commerce that is carried out by contracting in
electronic form. E-commerce is gaining popularity today. It is easy and convenient for Zero
entrepreneurs to carry out their commercial goals remotely, as well as for haridors to use goods
and services electronically.
But at the same time, the threat to consumer rights in e-commerce increases. That
is, as e-commerce develops, the need to ensure and protect consumer rights increases. As a key
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1851
factor in this, we can say that it becomes more difficult to secure their rights because of the fact
that contracts are concluded electronically in the protection of consumer rights in e-commerce.
In e-commerce, the failure of consumers to comply with the obligations of the parties in
the contract or in the process of concluding contracts in electronic form violates the rights of the
second party. This will undoubtedly lead to the need to eliminate such situations and create a
legal mechanism for ensuring and protecting the rights of consumers in e-commerce and its
implementation in practice.
MATERIALS
What are the mechanisms for protecting consumer rights in e-commerce?
In answering this question, it is advisable to answer the law of the Republic of
Uzbekistan “on e-commerce”. The act was passed on 31 December 2022, and is a major source
in regulating e-commerce-related relations in the country. This law also defines e-commerce and
its legal regulation, as well as the provision and protection of consumer rights in e-commerce.
A special aspect of this law is evidence of the regulation and control of activities in
the field of e-commerce by the state. That is, this law provides for the state's determination of the
procedure for the implementation of relations related to e-commerce. This law also provides for
the Salt order of contracts in e-commerce, which indicates what should be followed in the
conclusion of electronic contracts.
METHODS
The determination of the procedure for the conclusion of contracts serves as the basis for
the protection of the rights of the parties concluding and entering into a contract and ensuring
legitimacy. In particular, this law establishes the following procedure for the electronic
conclusion of contracts in e-commerce:
* Contracts concluded in e-commerce must comply with the requirements of the Civil
Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, this law and other legislative acts of the Republic of
Uzbekistan.
• In e-commerce, the contract is formalized in the form of an electronic document
between the parties by agreeing the terms of the contract by confirming electronic documents
and (or) messages.
• The formation of documents in e-commerce is carried out according to the agreement of
the parties.
• The contract must comply with the requirements established by law, regarding the
content and form of documents related to the conclusion and execution of the contract.
• Electronic-style checks, receipts, messages and other documents formed through
information systems during the realization of goods (works, services), which allow e-commerce
operators or sellers to identify the parties to the contract, are equated with similar documents on
paper confirming the purchase of goods (works, services).
• An electronic document is considered to be signed if, during the conclusion of contracts,
the procedure for confirming the document with an electronic digital signature is carried out by
the party of the contract in cases where the legislation or the agreement of the parties requires the
signing of the document with their own hands.
• In an e-commerce document, electronic validation methods (“SMS”, “Face-ID”, etc.)
that represent the consent of the person who signed the document and allow it to be identified
and authenticated are also recognized as signatures.
1
E-commerce Act
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1852
From the above requirements, we can see that there are specific requirements for
concluding contracts in e-commerce. The purpose of these requirements is to ensure that
contracts are concluded in e-commerce on the basis of the voluntary consent of the contracting
parties, to ensure that the contracts concluded in the e-commerce process are consistent with the
content and form specified in the legislation, and to establish procedures and procedures for
establishing electronic contracts through electronic signature.
RESULTS
In addition, the above-mentioned law establishes procedures for the delivery of goods in
order to ensure and protect the rights and interests of buyers in the process of e-commerce and, if
the goods become defective, correct their defect or return the buyer's money, these norms serve
as one of the legal guarantees for the protection of consumer rights. An example of this is Article
27 of the e-commerce act. According to him
“If the agreement of the parties to the contract does not provide for a different rule, the
return of the amount of money paid by the buyer to him is carried out in the same form as the
payment for the goods was made. In accordance with the contract, the costs associated with the
return of the amount of money paid by the buyer are assigned to the seller. If the amount of
money paid by the buyer after the termination of the contract is not returned to the buyer by the
seller within the period specified in the contract, the seller pays the buyer a neustoyka (penny) in
the amount of one percent of the amount of money that must be returned to the buyer for each
deferred day in excess of the In this case, the amount of neustoyka (Penny) cannot exceed the
amount of money that must be returned. The payment of Neustoyka (pension) does not exempt
the seller from the obligations arising in connection with the termination of the contract.”
We can say that the introduction of the norm in this law serves as a guarantee in the
regulation of e-commerce activities in the Republic of Uzbekistan, in particular, to prevent the
violation of consumer rights and protect them. Because there are defects or defects in goods in
the products and services provided in e-commerce. This leads to a violation of the requirements
of the contract, and in such a situation, buyers need to have and practice the same norms in the
legislation as above in order to protect their rights.
In e-commerce, consumer protection is very important. High standards of activity
of online platforms are the key to effective mechanisms for protecting consumer rights and
increasing confidence in e-commerce in general. To ensure best practices, it is essential for
ecommerce service providers to develop guidelines and recommendations for consumer
protection.
DISCUSSION
For example, in Australia, identifying and verifying sellers is a requirement to prevent
illegal trade. E-bay has implemented a vendor assessment and rating system on electronic trading
platforms in America. As part of the preparation of a bill on the digital economy in France, the
possibility of setting a commitment for platforms to provide practical advice to users is being
discussed. It is planned to create a working group to collect and disseminate advanced
experience on operational platforms, which will distinguish between professional and
unprofessional suppliers
2
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 03,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1853
In Asia, Singapore and Japan have emerged as leaders in smart contract regulation.
Singapore's Electronic Transactions Act provides clear legal recognition of smart contracts,
ensuring
their
enforceability
in
various
digital
transactions. Meanwhile, Japan's
regulatory framework primarily focuses on cryptocurrency-related smart contracts, reflecting the
country's strong emphasis on digital asset regulation. Additionally, regional
cooperation
initiatives are being pursued to promote a harmonized approach to smart contract
regulation, facilitating cross-border interoperability and legal certainty
The OECD has made consumer protection in e-commerce a major focus. In
March 2016, they completed a review of their consumer rights recommendation in e-commerce.
Due to the significant growth of e-commerce over the years and the increasing importance of
consumer confidence in the digital economy, a review was necessary. OECD focuses on issues
such as online payment security, buying intangible products with digital content, and protecting
consumer personal data.
CONCLUSION
From the above, we can conclude that it is much more necessary to protect the rights of
consumers in e-commerce. Because in e-commerce, the received sales process and services are
in an instantaneous form, which means that consumers can be provided with non-quality services
in the delivery of goods and the provision of services, and defective goods can be delivered. To
do this, in the process of e-commerce, it is necessary to ensure the protection of personal data of
consumers, identify their sellers and introduce alternative methods of dispute resolution.
LIST OF LITERATURE USED:
1. E-commerce Act
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