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THE ROLE AND INFLUENCE OF ALISHER NAVOI'S CREATIVITY IN
CONTEMPORARY UZBEK LINGUISTICS
Qahhorova Zarinabonu
Student of Philology and language teaching: Uzbek language,
Faculty of Philology, Karshi State University
Annotation:
This article explores the significant contributions of Alisher Navoi to the
development of the Uzbek language, particularly focusing on his influence on modern Uzbek
linguistics. It examines Navoi's role in the standardization of the Chagatai language, the
precursor to contemporary Uzbek, and how his works enriched the language’s vocabulary and
structure. The article discusses Navoi's impact on lexical enrichment, phonetics, morphology,
and the evolution of syntactical structures, highlighting his lasting legacy in both the literary and
linguistic fields. Moreover, it analyzes the stylistic and linguistic elements of his writings,
offering insights into the transformation of Uzbek from a regional dialect to a refined literary
language. Finally, the article addresses the continuing relevance of Navoi’s works in
contemporary Uzbek linguistic education and their importance in the study of comparative
linguistics. Through his monumental contributions, Alisher Navoi remains a central figure in
both the cultural and linguistic development of Uzbekistan
.
Key words
: Alisher Navoi, Uzbek linguistics,Chagatai language,language standardization,uzbek
language development,lexical enrichment,uzbek literature,linguistic influence,morphology and
phonetics,modern Uzbek language,uzbek literary heritage,Alisher Navoi's contributions,
comparative linguistics.
Alisher Navoi (1441–1501) is not only a literary titan in the history of Central Asia but also one
of the most influential figures in the development of the Uzbek language. No poet has written as
much and as beautifully as Navoi. He created great and immortal works not only in Persian but
also in Uzbek. Among his notable works are "Khamsa," "Lison ut-Tayr," "Muhokamat ul-
lug'atayn," "Khazoyin ul-Maoniy," "Majolis un-Nafoyis," "Mezon ul-avzon," and others. Alisher
Navoi was not only a great thinker and poet of his time, but also an author whose works
contributed to the development of Turkic language linguistics and left an indelible mark in
history.
His works, primarily written in Chagatai Turkish (a predecessor of modern Uzbek), have had a
profound and lasting impact on Uzbek linguistics, culture, and literary traditions. In
contemporary Uzbek linguistics, Navoi's contributions are considered fundamental for the
development of the language and for deepening the understanding of its structure, lexicon, and
stylistic beauty.
Navoi in his work "Muhokamat-ul lugatain" for the first time gives a classification of the world's
languages: "There are so many types of words( language) that it is impossible to describe and
classify them all. If stated without exaggeration and as briefly as possible, they are divided into
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
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72 languages of 72 peoples, but there are even more of them. The number of languages is equal
to how many countries there are in the seven corners of the world, how many cities, towns,
villages and villages in each country, how many groups of people on each mountain, on each
island and on the banks of rivers. The language of each group, each society is different from the
language of each other group, society, they differ from each other in many features and aspects,
this difference is not present in other languages."
In his work “Muhokamat ul-lug’atain” Navoi scientifically proves the richness and power of the
Uzbek language, demonstrating that it is capable and deserving of occupying a prominent place
among the literary languages of its time. In this work, he compares the Uzbek (Turkic) and
Persian languages in terms of vowels, lexicon, and morphology. Initially, when comparing the
vowels in both languages, the poet shows through evidence that the number of vowels in Persian
is limited, while in Uzbek, vowels have several variants that distinguish meanings, and these
vowels stand out due to their differences in length and shortness
1. Language Standardization and Lexical Enrichment
Alisher Navoi played a pivotal role in the development of the Chagatai language, elevating it
from a spoken dialect among various Turkic groups to a refined literary language. His poetry and
prose, particularly his monumental work "Xamsa" , a collection of five epic poems, contributed
significantly to the standardization of the language. The richness of his vocabulary, the precision
of his metaphors, and his ability to capture the complexities of emotions and human experience
made his language a model for Uzbek literature.
Modern Uzbek linguistics owes much to Navoi's lexicon, which is still referenced and studied in
contemporary language. He was instrumental in creating a standard for classical Uzbek, which
has been crucial in the linguistic development of the language. His extensive use of Persian and
Arabic vocabulary, skillfully integrated into the Turkic framework, enriched the Chagatai
language and laid the foundation for the expanded vocabulary of modern Uzbek. This enriched
lexicon continues to influence contemporary literature, education, and daily communication,
with many of Navoi's words and expressions still in common use.
2. Contribution to Phonetics and Morphology
Navoi’s mastery of the Chagatai language included innovations in phonetic and morphological
structures, which remain important in Uzbek linguistic studies. His use of rhythm, meter, and
poetic forms has influenced the phonetic patterns of modern Uzbek. Researchers often refer to
his works when analyzing the historical evolution of phonetic shifts in the Uzbek language,
particularly the transition from Chagatai to modern Uzbek.
Morphologically, Navoi’s use of suffixes and grammatical structures helped shape the modern
Uzbek grammatical system. His works are a key resource for scholars studying morphology,
providing insights into the evolution of word formation and syntactic structures in the Uzbek
language.
3. Influence on Modern Uzbek Literature and Linguistic Studies
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In addition to his linguistic contributions, Alisher Navoi's poetry remains a cornerstone of
modern Uzbek literature, influencing both contemporary writers and linguistic scholars. His
themes of love, justice, morality, and the human condition continue to resonate with modern
audiences, making his works a central reference for writers and linguists alike.
In linguistics, Navoi’s works are frequently analyzed for their stylistic elegance, syntactical
innovations, and mastery of poetic form. Researchers in Uzbek linguistics use his poetry as a
benchmark for understanding the evolution of literary language and the stylistic nuances of
modern Uzbek. His use of metaphors, allegories, and symbolism provides a rich source for
studying advanced aspects of the language and its literary applications.
4. The Legacy of Alisher Navoi in Contemporary Linguistic Education
In modern Uzbekistan, Alisher Navoi is regarded not only as a literary giant but also as a
linguistic authority. His works are a central part of the Uzbek language curriculum in schools,
universities, and other educational institutions. Navoi's contributions serve as a bridge between
classical and modern linguistic forms, providing students with both historical context and
contemporary relevance.
Moreover, in the context of Uzbek language reforms, particularly in the post-Soviet era, Navoi’s
works have been instrumental in redefining the role of the Uzbek language in the modern world.
His influence continues to be seen in efforts to standardize the Uzbek language, enhance its use
in official and literary contexts, and promote it as a symbol of national identity..
The legacy of Alisher Navoi in contemporary uzbek linguistics is immeasurable. His creative
works laid the foundation for the Uzbek language as it is known today, influencing everything
from lexical development to syntactic innovation. In modern linguistic education, Navoi
continues to serve as both an exemplar of literary excellence and a cornerstone for understanding
the evolution of the Uzbek language. His contributions to Uzbek linguistics are not just historical
artifacts but living elements that continue to shape the development and use of the language in
the 21st century.
Navoi, analyzing the richness, power, and expressive potential of the Uzbek language, concludes
the following: In the Uzbek language, there are many subtle and meaningful words and
expressions, but "until this day, no one has reflected on the matter in a proper way, and thus it
remains hidden... the unskilled Turkic poets have been engaged in composing verse in the
Persian style out of convenience." Therefore, Navoi calls on Uzbek poets to create in their own
language.
References:
1. Alisher Navoiy. Muhokamat ul-lug’atayn.
2. https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhokamat_ul-lug%CA%Bbatayn.
3.
4. ww.arxiv.uz
