INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 04,2025
Journal:
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EXPRESSION OF LEXICAL UNITS IN MUHAMMAD YUSUF'S POEMS
Ernazarova Laylo Abdusaitovna
Assistant of Uzbekistan-Finlandiya Pedagogical Institute
Independent student of Fergana State University
Soleyeva Amira Jurabekovna
Uzbekistan-Finlandiya Pedagogical
Institute 4th stage student
Annotation:
Muhammad Yusuf is one of the prominent figures in Uzbek poetry, whose works
stand out due to their popular melodies, simple and expressive style. His poems are
characterized by the use of popular lexicon, symbolic meanings, poetic symbols, and vivid
imagery, all of which directly influence the reader. In his works, the poet skillfully expresses
national values, patriotism, love, the depiction of nature, and human emotions. This article will
analyze the use of lexical units in Muhammad Yusuf’s poetry, their role in shaping poetic
content, and their artistic impact.
Keywords
: poetry, lexical units, artistic style, folk words, phrases, proverbs, vivid words,
symbolic meaning, poetic expression, patriotism, emotional impact, imagery.
In Muhammad Yusuf’s poetry, the expression of lexical units is closely connected with his
artistic style and poetic mastery. His poems widely use folk words, phrases, symbolic meanings,
and lexical units with strong emotional impact. The poet employs various lexical layers to
vividly and expressively convey national values, patriotism, love, the depiction of nature, and
human feelings. Moreover, through complex imagery and symbols, he skillfully conveys his
inner emotions, the pain of the people, and universal human ideas with great artistic depth.
The artistic power of Muhammad Yusuf’s poetry is manifested in his linguistic richness, his
ability to use lexical units masterfully, and his folk-style expression. He skillfully uses
metaphors, similes, commonly used phrases, and proverbs to enhance the emotional impact of
words. These aspects make his poetry readable and sincere, deeply affecting the heart of the
reader.
The imagery in Muhammad Yusuf’s poems about his mother, for instance, is both believable
and emotionally powerful, like a depiction of the human heart:
"Oh, my mother, who wanders behind me,
A piece of her heart is scattered, a thousand pieces of her,
Seeing every sorrow in this bright world,
My poor mother, who hasn’t seen Tashkent,
Did I come into this world as a child?
Now, I have also become a son to you!"
("To My Mother").
The woman who brings a child into the world expects nothing in return, only living in the hope
of a letter or a phone call from her child. Even though she may be far away, as the poet suggests,
the following words resonate deeply:
"I resemble an old roof that has passed,
Tears fall from my eyes, never ceasing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 04,2025
Journal:
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page 408
Is there any brightness in this world? I don’t know,
I long for my own son, just like this."
("A Letter to My Mother").
At first glance, these words seem like they are addressed to the poet himself. However, upon
closer examination, they seem to serve as a reminder to all children who are far from their
parents. For sometimes, children are too busy to even ask about the well-being of their parents,
while mothers always wait for their children’s return.
One of the distinctive features of Muhammad Yusuf’s work is that his poems often express the
thoughts, feelings, and truths of the poet, writer, and artist. He is a person with the ability to
fully express his potential and is blessed with talent from God. He is someone who can easily
convey his emotions and feelings, without any pressure, through his language. Such a person is
considered a true creator.
Folk lexicon plays an important role in Muhammad Yusuf’s work. His poetry is distinguished
by its proximity to the common people's language, and its simple, sincere style of expression.
The poet skillfully uses phrases, proverbs, vivid words, and sentences that are widely used
among the people, which makes his work even more accessible to the public. In his poetry,
Muhammad Yusuf uses words and phrases commonly used in daily life. This style gives his
poems sincerity and clarity.
For example:
"Live on, O Uzbekistan, be whole, my homeland,
We were born to make you happy!"
In these lines, the phrase “be whole” is a heartfelt wish commonly used among the people.
Through such expressions, the poet conveys his inner feelings in the language of the people.
At times, Muhammad Yusuf uses proverbs and folk wisdom in his poetry, adding new
meanings to them. For instance, in the following lines, the style of a proverb can be recognized:
"Be a man in the land of the people,
Stand tall, with your eyes strong, be a heart."
These lines harmonize with the popular saying “be a man, be brave,” and through this style, the
poet expresses the life philosophy of the people in poetic form.
Folk lexicon in Muhammad Yusuf’s poetry is one of his most important artistic tools. By using
widely known words and phrases in a distinctive way, he enhances their poetic expression. His
poems reflect the life, values, and emotions of the people, leaving a deep impression on readers
with their simple yet profound meanings. For this reason, Muhammad Yusuf’s work is
recognized as an example of high artistic quality imbued with the spirit of the people in Uzbek
literature.
The poet Muhammad Yusuf’s poetry is also characterized by delicacy, beauty, and an exquisite
sense of proportion. The poet’s pen is in harmony with his heart. Whatever he writes, he writes
from the heart, without unnecessary embellishments. That is why his poems are found in every
home, and everyone listens to his songs. In Muhammad Yusuf’s poetry, emotions, thoughts,
and feelings coexist, living together in such a way that it becomes impossible to separate them.
This inseparable unity forms the essence of the entire linguistic and poetic experience. However,
in the development of the lyrical experience, one more thing is required. We can observe the
formation and development of passionate thoughts (or intellectual emotions) in his poems. In
this case, the expression “I” in the experience - the image appears in a unified, impactful way.
To illustrate this, we can refer to the poem "The Fifth Son," where the image of a child
separated from his mother is portrayed. The son longs for his mother, and this longing becomes
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 04,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 409
the central emotional experience in the poem. The poet skillfully leads us through this
emotional journey, from the son’s longing to his deep feelings of loss:
"Seventy stars fall,
A crescent moon cannot be formed,
Seven aunts gather,
But one mother cannot be formed.
A living mother is
A stranger to the gates of exile.
My heart is bleeding,
I am destroyed, my dear mother..."
In this poem, the son’s heartache and longing for his mother are poignantly conveyed, and the
emotions of loss and yearning are felt deeply by the reader. The poet’s ability to evoke such
powerful emotions through simple yet profound language is a testament to his mastery of poetic
expression.
Muhammad Yusuf’s poetry expresses the emotions and experiences of the people in a deeply
personal and poetic way. His works stand out for their use of folk lexicon, symbolic meanings,
and vivid imagery. Through these elements, he successfully conveys the national values,
patriotism, and human emotions that resonate with readers. His poetry is an important part of
Uzbek literature, and his unique approach to language and expression has earned him a special
place in the hearts of his audience.
In this poem, the writer carries the emotional burden of a son's heart, showing how deeply he
longs for his mother. This yearning for his mother seems to lead him toward something more:
Though we were young and naive,
With you around, we felt brave.
One raisin, five sons –
We'd share it all the same.
If we argued, in the end,
We'd let our mother make amends.
Is that time just a dream now?
I wonder, dear mother...
Aside from the son's longing and missing his mother, we begin to sense that he is yearning for
something more—an intense desire, one that is full of sorrow and regret. In order to convey this
to us, the poet takes a step back from the present and guides us to the past, where the lyrical
hero once stood. This return to the past paints a vivid picture of youth and innocence:
If your mother’s still alive,
You can move a mountain high.
If she’s gone, her absence
Makes the sun burn down from the sky.
Even a tiny bit of grief
Feels like a mountain deep.
My chest is full of sorrow,
I’m overwhelmed, dear mother...
The poet places us into such a spiritual state that we, too, begin to feel the agony, as if we are
suffering with the hero in a desert devoid of compassion. We come to realize that it is only the
mother who ensures love and warmth among even the closest of kin. The poet compares a
mother’s love to the sun—shining equally on all. But once she is gone, the home turns into a
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 04,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 410
dark, cold night. The dark night is painful. Pain stirs emotions, and mornings following storms
of such emotions lack light. The son, having lost the comfort of his home, reveals his state:
My heart, once strong,
Now longs for a single kind soul.
If there was just one person
I could trust with my soul…
Without a mother,
Even friends deceive.
Tell me truly,
Who can I trust, dear mother?
Now, we begin to understand what the son was truly missing. Not only his mother, but the love
and kindness shared among brothers, friends, and loved ones. The lyrical hero misses the
unconditional love only a mother can give. Not finding it anywhere else, he feels trapped in
darkness, seeking a ray of light—like a moth drawn to a flame. This moth is the cry of an
orphan, burning in the fire of longing. As we feel the vastness and intensity of this yearning, we
see that the hero is not only missing the wide world, but even the narrow cradle of his
childhood. There likely isn’t a single poet who hasn’t written about or glorified the mother. For
any creator, comparing their homeland to their mother is one of the most joyful and honorable
inspirations. Though the essence of works written about mothers may be similar, each is unique
in tone and expression. In this regard, Muhammad Yusuf’s poetry holds a distinctive place. His
poems about the mother, part of the broader linguistic concept of “mother” in his work, are
expressed in unique melodies and unforgettable verses. As mentioned above, the theme of
mother in his poetry often manifests through love and longing.
The lexical choices in Muhammad Yusuf’s poetry reflect his artistic skill and deep connection
to the national spirit. He frequently uses words and expressions from everyday language in a
lively, heartfelt manner, directly impacting the reader. His work is rich with poetic imagery,
symbolic meanings, and metaphors, which he uses to vividly portray human emotions, national
values, and patriotic ideas.
Muhammad Yusuf stands out in Uzbek literature with his heartfelt, clear, and sincere language
that resonates deeply with the people. His poems are formed through lexical elements that
influence the human soul and serve to express poetic emotions in depth. These very qualities
have made his work uniquely significant in our national literature, and his writings are still
lovingly read by readers today. In Muhammad Yusuf's poetry, the role of lexical elements is not
only as a tool of artistic imagery, but also as an important means of reflecting the inner
experiences of the people, as well as their historical and cultural values.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 04,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 411
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