INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 04,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1162
THE ROLE OF FACIAL SOMATIC ELEMENTS IN EXPRESSING EMOTIONS (on
the example of French phraseology)
Dolieva Laylo Buriboevna
Doctor of Philosophy in Philological Sciences
Teacher of Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
Annotation:
This article explores the role of facial expressions in nonverbal communication,
emphasizing their linguistic, psychological, and physiological significance. It examines the
function of somatic elements such as the eyes, forehead, mouth, and nose in conveying
emotions, referencing Paul Ekman’s classification of basic emotional states like anger, joy,
fear, pain, surprise, and disgust.
Key words:
nonverbal communication, facial expressions, somatic elements, phraseological
units, emotions.
Introduction:
In oral communication, most communicative movements primarily encompass
emotional states. Their recognition as part of speech communication is crucial for
understanding a message, an action, or a person’s emotional state [1]. In this regard, the
unique significance of nonverbal means in the communication process is undeniable and
worth attention. In this section of our research, we aim to provide a detailed discussion on
phraseological tools that reflect nonverbal aspects in emotional communication, specifically
emotive phraseological units that fully convey these expressions.
Method and materials
: Facial expressions are a part of human facial movements through
which various thoughts, actions, imaginations, memories, surprises, and other emotions are
manifested. Smiling, grinning, smirking, pressing or pursing lips, sticking out the tongue,
raising eyebrows-these are all communicative, interactive, and perceptive aspects of speech
that reflect different psychological states, particularly emotional experiences. [2]. French
phraseological expressions describing facial expressions also play a unique role in activating
nonverbal communication. This is because a person’s facial expression conveys various
thoughts and reflections, which naturally attract the speaker’s attention during interaction.
For example, whether our interlocutor understands us, disagrees, or intends to respond-all
these conscious emotional reactions are manifested through facial expressions.
Result and discussion:
One of the main characteristics of facial expressions is their integrity
and dynamism. This means that all six basic emotional states-anger, joy, fear, pain, surprise,
and disgust—coordinate through the movements of facial muscles. Such expressive emotions
can be studied effectively through the method called “FAST [3],” discovered by Paul Ekman
and his team. According to this method, the face is divided into three horizontal sections: 1)
eyes and forehead, 2) nose and its surrounding area, and 3) mouth and chin area [4].
Accordingly, when analyzing French phraseological expressions that describe facial emotions,
the following observations emerge.
Types of facial
emotional
expressions.
Phraseological expressions related to the eyes and forehead:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 04,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1163
Anger
fаire les grоs yeux - kо‘zlаrini lо‘q qilmоq;
Joy
défrоncer le (s) sоurcil (s) - kаyfi chоg‘ bо‘lmоq;
Fear
аvоir frоid аux yeux - qо‘rqmоq; chо‘chimоq;
Sadness
Аvоir une mine renfrоgnée - xо‘mrаygаn bо‘lmоq;
Love
fаire les yeux dоux à quelqu’un – nоz-kаrаshmа qilmоq;
Hate
fаire grise mine à qqn.- birоvni аftini burishtirib kutib оlmоq;
Discontent
fаire des yeux - nоrоzi kаyfiyаtdа qаrаmоq;
Phraseological expressions related to the nose and its surrounding
area:
Shame
le feu аux jоues - qizаrgаn yuzlаr bilа;
Discontent
аvоir le nez sur quelque chоse - burnini jiyirmоq;
Phraseological expressions related to the mouth and chin area:
Fear
clаquer des dents - qо‘rquvdаn tishi tаqillаmоq;
Stupefaction
être cоmme deux rоnds de flаn - hаyrаtdа qоlmоq;
Regret
s'en mоrdre les lèvres- аfsuslаnmоq, lаbini tishlаmоq;
agreement
rire dаns sа bаrbe -miyig‘idа kulmоq;
surprise
fаire le mоue-lаbini burmоq.
Thus, phraseological expressions related to the eyes and forehead convey both positive and
negative emotions in nonverbal communication. In contrast, those associated with the mouth
and chin primarily express neutral emotions, while those connected to the nose and cheeks
exclusively represent negative emotions. From the analysis above, it can be concluded that,
according to P. Ekman’s method, facial expressions are primarily centered around the eyes,
nose, and mouth. Additionally, due to their dynamism, the eyes and mouth serve to express
various emotions nonverbally, whereas the nose-being less dynamic-mainly conveys limited
emotions such as shame and discontent. That is, the nose and cheek regions stand out in
nonverbal communication for their mono-emotional nature. This phenomenon has been
substantiated through an analysis of French phraseological expressions.
Based on the linguistic and psychological analyses discussed above, several key points can be
emphasized regarding French “Nonverbal Phraseology.” As F. Poyatos noted, interpersonal
communication consists of a complex three-part system: “language + paralinguistics +
kinesics.” This structure ensures that the communication process maintains lexical-semantic
integrity, functioning in harmony and transcribing simultaneously.
Therefore, phraseological expressions that reflect nonverbal cues naturally manifest various
emotions and are directly linked to verbal communication. Accordingly, they can be
classified as follows: Would you like a detailed breakdown of these classifications, or are you
interested in examples of such phraseological expressions?
•
Here’s a breakdown of nonverbal phraseological units based on their function in
communication:
nonverbal phraseological units that fully replace verbal communication: In this case,
information is conveyed completely without words, relying solely on nonverbal cues.
nonverbal phraseological units that partially substitute verbal communication: This
occurs when verbal and nonverbal elements are used together, complementing each other.
nonverbal phraseological units that directly repeat verbal information: These units
serve to reinforce spoken communication by mirroring the verbal message through nonverbal
means.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 04,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1164
Conclusion
, facial expressions convey various emotions through somatic elements such as
the mouth (la bouche), the eyes (les yeux), the forehead (le front), and the nose (le nez).
These features play a key role in expressing emotions such as anger, joy, fear, pain, surprise,
disgust, sadness, love, dissatisfaction, shame, regret, agreement, and astonishment.
The eyes and mouth are the most dynamic elements, allowing for a broad range of emotional
expressions, whereas the nose is relatively static and primarily reflects shame and
dissatisfaction. These characteristics enable nonverbal communication to visually represent
an individual’s internal emotions.
REFERENCES:
1. Altrov R. Aspects of cultural communication in recognizing emotions. TRAMES, 17
(67/62), 2, 2013. –P. 159. doi: 10.3176/tr.
2. G‘oziyev E .G‘. Psixologiya. -Toshkent: “O‘qituvchi” nashriyot-matbaa ijodiy uyi, 2008.
–B.316.
3. FAST — Facial Action Scoring Technique
4. Ekman P., Friesen W.V., Tomkins S.S. Facial Action Scoring Technique (FAST): A first
validity study. Semiotica, 1971, 3(1). –P. 37–38.
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