INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1509
THE SYSTEM, FUNCTIONS AND PROCEDURES OF THE SUPREME
AUTHORITIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONSTITUTION OF THE
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
Ganiev Farrukh
Teacherof the Department of preventive work for violations of the Academy of the
Republic of Uzbekistan Tashkent, 100197, Uzbekistan
Abstract
:The 1982 Constitution of the Republic of Turkey (as amended up to 2017) establishes
that the presidential system of governance is based on democratic principles. According to the
Constitution, Turkey is a democratic, secular, and social state governed by the rule of law,
founded on the indivisibility of the nation and the people. This article describes the
constitutional structure of the Republic of Turkey based on the rule of law, legality, and justice,
examining their interrelations and functioning.
Keywords
: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, system of state governance, state bodies,
executive power, legislative power, judiciary, Grand National Assembly of Turkey, Presidency,
Cabinet of Ministers, Constitutional Court, Council of State, administrative reforms, fields of
activity, powers and duties, political system, legal foundations, rule of law, democratic
principles, separation of powers, parliamentary governance, judiciary in Turkey, central and
local government, regulatory acts, efficiency of public administration, executive bodies,
legislative process, checks and balances, state functions.
Methods and Materials of the Study
:The purpose of this study is a comprehensive analysis of
the functions and operations of state governance bodies in the Republic of Turkey. The analysis
includes judicial practices, the structure and content of the Turkish Constitution and laws,
decisions of the Constitutional Court and the Parliament, official data from government
institutions, and interviews with civil servants and politicians. Surveys were also conducted
among various segments of the population. Historical research on Turkey’s state governance
system and comparative studies with other countries were conducted to draw objective
conclusions. These methods and sources enable an in-depth and multi-dimensional analysis of
the Turkish administrative system. The governance bodies of Turkey work in cooperation with
one another. The powers and duties defined by the Constitution help regulate their interaction.
The Turkish governance system is based on a presidential model, where the president serves
both as the head of state and head of the executive branch.
Research Results
:These are essential in analyzing the principles of functioning and interaction
of state bodies and their role in implementing state policy. Key findings of the research reveal
that the Turkish state administration system, built on a presidential framework, is primarily
oriented toward inter-agency cooperation and efficient functioning. The president’s executive
power and the parliament’s legislative functions are interconnected and crucial for
implementing effective public policy. Meanwhile, judicial bodies ensure the adherence to the
Constitution and act as protectors of human rights.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1510
Conclusion
:The governance system of the Republic of Turkey, as defined by the Constitution,
aims for balanced and effective operation. The relationship between the presidency, the
parliament, and the judiciary plays a critical role in the success of public administration and
policy. The country's social, economic, and legal development can be ensured when each div
of the government effectively fulfills its constitutional role. The study concludes that
maintaining a balance and fostering cooperation—particularly between the parliament and the
president—is vital for successful policy implementation. The activities and relationships of
state institutions are the key to maintaining Turkey's political and social stability.
The system of state governance bodies of the Republic of Turkey based on its Constitution is
democratic, representative, and grounded in the principles of the rule of law.The supreme
objective of this system is to ensure state stability, protect the interests of the people, and
govern on a legal basis.
State Governance Bodies
:
1.
President:
– The President is both the head of state and the head of government. He has powers related to
domestic and foreign policy, appoints committees and ministers, signs laws, and exercises other
fundamental duties. The President leads the state, ensures national security, and strengthens the
state's legal foundation.
2.
Parliament:
– The Grand National Assembly of Turkey is the legislative div composed of two chambers.–
It adopts laws, approves the state budget, and makes key decisions regarding public policy.
3.
Government:
– The Cabinet of Ministers is the executive div subordinate to the President.
According to Turkey's current Constitution, the state's governance system is democratic, based
on representation and the rule of law. The core goals of this system are to ensure stability,
protect public interests, and enforce lawful governance.The government acts as the official
executive organ. According to the Constitution, it is responsible for implementing state policy,
managing economic and social programs, and overseeing ministries and institutions.
4.
Judiciary
– The judicial system supervises legality and ensures legal justice.It includes high courts,
appellate courts, local courts, and other judicial authorities.
Fields of Activity and Functions
:State institutions operate in the following areas:
–
Legislation and oversight
: Adopting laws, resolutions, and legal regulations and monitoring
their implementation.
–
Execution of executive functions
: Implementing state policies and programs, ensuring
development in social, economic, and cultural spheres.
–
Security and rule of law
: Ensuring national security, public peace, and upholding the rule of
law.–
International relations
: Establishing diplomatic ties, executing international treaties, and
promoting global cooperation.
–
Maintaining legal order and public discipline
: Preventing violations, prosecuting offenses,
and countering lawbreaking.The government is responsible for implementing public policies,
managing economic and social programs, and overseeing ministries and agencies. The judiciary
supervises the legality of governance and ensures justice through a system that includes higher,
appellate, and local courts.
Conclusion
:The current Constitution of the Republic of Turkey is a fundamental document that
defines the democratic and legal foundations of state governance. Within this system, the
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 1511
President, Parliament, Government, and Judiciary function in mutual balance and cooperation.
The core goal of this structure is to safeguard the interests of the people, ensure state stability,
and advance democracy.
References
:
1.
Constitution of the Republic of Turkey (1982, current version)
2.
Official source in Turkish:
3.
English translation available:
4.
T.C. Anayasası Üzerine Açıklamalar, Prof. Dr. Erdoğan Teziç
5.
Expert commentary on Turkish constitutional law
6.
Türk Anayasa Hukuku, Kemal Gözler
7.
Main academic resource on Turkish constitutional law
8.
Türkiye’de Siyasal Sistem ve Devlet Yapısı, Ergun Özbudun
9.
About Turkey's political system and state institutions
10.
Türk İdare Hukuku, Metin Günday
11.
Detailed source on public administration and executive bodies
12.
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Yapısı ve Yönetim Esasları, Faruk Bilir
13.
Turkey’s state structure and governance principles
14.
Official website of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey
15.
Legislative activity:
16.
Official website of the Presidency of Turkey:
17.
On the Presidency and Executive Power
18.
Resmî Gazete (Turkey’s official legal publication)
19.
Constitutional amendments, decrees, and rulings:
https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr
20.
Reports from the European Union and Venice Commission
21.
International evaluations and legal analyses on Turkey’s constitutional reforms
