Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
107
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
107-112
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
The soils distributed in the Mirzachol oasis are of varying degrees of salinity, therefore, desalination of the
soils distributed in this area is important for obtaining a high yield from agricultural crops. Development
of desalination methods is one of the most urgent issues. One of the methods of desalination is mulching
and low tillage. In these methods, the salinization process slows down due to the reduction of moisture
that evaporates from the surface of the soil through capillary channels through mulching and low tillage of
soils with close seepage water, including gray-meadow soils.
K
EYWORDS
Soil, option, minimum tillage, control, density, total porosity, water-resistant aggregates, wheat, cotton.
Journal
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Research Article
CHANGES IN THE AGROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAY
MEADOW SOILS OF THE SYRDARYA REGION UNDER THE
INFLUENCE OF MINIMAL PROCESSING
Submission Date:
June 07, 2023,
Accepted Date:
June 12, 2023,
Published Date:
June 17, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-06-18
A.A.Musurmanov
Doctor Of Philosophy (Phd) In Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Gulistan State University,
Uzbekistan
M.A.Alibekov
2nd Stage Master Degree, Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan
M.R.Obloqulov
Trainee Teacher, Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan
S.D.Qurbonova
2nd Year Student, Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
108
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
107-112
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
I
NTRODUCTION
Physical properties of soils are one of the factors
determining soil fertility. The leading place is the
soil density and the structural condition of the
driving layer. The density of the soil layer
determines the aggregate index, water-air ratio
and heat exchange in the soil, the ratio of solids
and voids, the amount of particles and their
relationship to each other. The density of the soil
layer depends on its quantitative composition,
the ratio of aggregates of different sizes and
granulometric composition. The density of the
soil layer accurately represents the rate of human
impact on the soil [3, 4].
Since recent years, technologies that restore soil
fertility, reduce costs, have a slightly lower impact
of anthropogenic factors, and use less soil
processing technologies.
The transition to the system of low tillage was
also emphasized in the declaration of the "First
World Minimum Technology in Agriculture"
congress held in Madrid on October 1-5, 2001
[1;2;7;8].
Low tillage (Mini-till) is one of the resource-
saving technologies, which leads to the
optimization of the agrophysical properties of the
soil and the restoration of the structure, the
improvement of the condition of water-resistant
aggregates, the restoration of the natural fertility
of the soil, ecological stabilization, and the
increase of the qualitative and quantitative
parameters of the soil [1 ;2;3;4;5;6;7;8;9;10].
The following types of low tillage are currently
available in North American countries: mulch-till,
strip-till, no-till, reduced tillage give (reduced-till)
[1;2;7;8].
In the research conducted by R. Kurvontoev and
A. Musurmanov, mulching (straw, cotton stalks,
manure, sweet potato waste) and low tillage
technology were introduced to increase the
productivity of the irrigated soils of the Mirzachol
oasis. As a result, in irrigated gray-meadow soils,
mulching with organic residues (straw, cotton
stalks, manure, sweet potato waste) and low-
tillage technology, compared to the traditional
method, yielded 3 more wheat per hectare ,1-10.4
quintals, 1.3-1.5 quintals of mash were obtained
and increased profitability by 20.2-32.7%, 2.6-4.7
quintals of cotton per hectare an additional
harvest was obtained and allowed to increase the
yield by 18.0-25.9% and made it possible to
develop a number of reasonable conclusions on
the improvement of the soil fertility of the region
[3;4;5;6;7].
The main interest in our research work is the
density of its layer, and the effect of the change of
density layers on its physical properties,
especially in the case of low processing compared
to normal processing. Compared to the traditional
one, the density of the soil under the low-tillage
technology planted in cotton was equal to the
optimal density in the variants planted with
cotton and wheat after planting in the plow layer
(Table 1).
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
109
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
107-112
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Table 1.
Changes in density and total porosity of irrigated gray-meadow soils under the influence of low
tillage
Variant
Layer depth,
cm
At the beginning
of vegetation
At the end of the
vegetation
HO,
g
sm
3
UG
‘
, %
HO,
g
sm
3
UG
‘
, %
Cotton field
Control
0-15
1,29
51
1,33
50
15-30
1,38
48
1,39
48
30-50
1,45
46
1,55
42
Undertreated
0-15
1,20
55
1,26
53
15-30
1,32
50
1,36
49
30-50
1,49
44
1,51
43
Wheat field
Control
0-15
1,24
51
1,28
50
15-30
1,43
46
1,46
45
30-50
1,50
44
1,57
41
Undertreated
0-15
1,21
54
1,25
53
15-30
1,40
47
1,45
46
30-50
1,43
46
1,49
44
According to the experimental data on irrigated
gray-meadow soils, the effect of low tillage in the
first years of the growing season is not very
visible, but it changes significantly in the
following years (Table 1).
The density of the soil in all options is somewhat
denser under the influence of hydromorphism,
especially in some options it can be seen that the
density of the subsoil layer is higher than the
acceptable density (Table 1).
In the years of the experiment, in the control
option planted with cotton at the beginning of the
growing season, the density of the plowed layer
was 1.29-1.38 g/cm3, and at the end of the
growing season, this indicator was 1.33-1.39
g/cm3. It was found that it changed up to cm3,
which means that it has become denser under the
influence of agrotechnical measures. At the
beginning of the growing season, the density of
the plowed layer was 1.20-1.32 g/cm3, and at the
end of the growing season, this indicator was
1.26-1.36 g/cm3. , where we can see the effect of
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
110
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
107-112
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
undertreatment on the density, that is, in the
undertreated variant, the density was observed to
decrease by 0.3-0.7% (Table 1).
In our experiment, the total porosity of the soil is
important, the obtained results show that the
total porosity of the soil in irrigated gray-meadow
soils changes depending on its density. In the
plow layer of the cotton-planted control variant,
it showed a change from 48 to 51% at the
beginning of vegetation, and it was found to be
48-50% at the end of vegetation. Naturally, in all
options, the upper layers have high porosity,
especially in the less processed options, this
indicator was high (Table 1).
In the control option planted with wheat, the
density of the plowed layer at the beginning of the
growing season was 1.24-1.43 g/cm3, and at the
end of the growing season, this indicator was
1.28-1.46 g/cm3, with less treatment in the given
option, at the beginning of the growing season,
the density of the driving layer was 1.21-1.40
g/cm3, and at the end of the growing season, this
indicator was 1.25-1.45 g/cm3, the above cotton
the regularity in the planted variant was
repeated, it was observed that it was 0.1-0.7%
less in the less cultivated variant.
It was found that the total porosity in the driving
layer of the control option planted with wheat
was 46-52% at the beginning of the vegetation
and 45-50% at the end of the vegetation. In the
less treated variant, it was 47-54% at the
beginning of vegetation and 46-53% at the end of
vegetation. In terms of total porosity, the above
pattern was repeated, i.e. less processed variants
prevailed (Table 1).
The region of gray soils is characterized by its lack
of water-resistant aggregates. The increase in the
amount of water-resistant aggregates in the soil is
significant as a result of many years of application
of organic fertilizers and irrigation, especially
when growing perennial grasses [3;4;5;6;7 ].
Scientists say that soil granularity and dustiness
are the most important technological parameters
in flour processing. The amount of the most
valuable aggregates (10-0.25mm) in irrigated
gray-meadow soils is 45-70% before planting.
Tillage quality is best when soil moisture is 14-
17%. Before planting and during the growing
season, the amount of valuable agronomic
aggregates changes significantly, under the
influence of agrotechnical measures, especially in
case of low tillage.
It was found that the amount of water-resistant
aggregates with a size of 3-2 and 5-3 mm in
irrigated gray-meadow soils changes under the
influence of low tillage. After planting, the amount
of aggregates of 3-2 and 5-3 mm size was 5.58-
5.75% in the control option planted with cotton in
the driving layer, and 5.84-6.10% in the less
processed option. it can be seen that he organized
and prevailed. This is due to the fact that plant
residues fall, soil porosity increases, and water-
resistant aggregates are formed due to the action
of adhesives (Table 2).
Table 2.
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
107-112
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
)
(2022:
5.636
)
(2023:
6.741
)
OCLC
–
1368736135
Changes in the amount of water-resistant aggregates under the influence of low tillage on
irrigated gray-meadow soils
Variant
Layer
depth, cm
3-2 mm aggregates
5-3 mm aggregates
1
1-
0,25
Total
aggregates
1
1-
0,25
Total
aggregate
s
Cotton field
Control
0-15
0,74
4,84
5,58
1,39
4,93
6,32
15-30
0,82
4,93
5,75
1,40
5,05
6,45
30-50
0,84
4,99
5,83
1,25
5,12
6,37
Undertreated
0-15
0,91
4,93
5,84
1,44
5,21
6,65
15-30
0,98
5,12
6,10
1,55
5,27
6,82
30-50
0,90
5,05
5,95
1,48
5,35
6,82
Wheat field
Control
0-15
0,83
5,25
6,08
1,34
5,41
6,75
15-30
0,95
5,36
6,31
1,45
5,44
6,89
30-50
1,08
5,24
6,32
1,27
5,53
6,8
Undertreated
0-15
1,12
5,32
6,44
1,49
5,60
7,09
15-30
1,10
5,24
6,34
1,52
5,52
7,04
30-50
1,21
5,45
6,66
1,63
5,64
7,27
The amount of water-resistant aggregates of 5-3
mm size is more in all options compared to 3-2
mm. This is because the aggregates are highly
water resistant in terms of size. The effect of soil
treatment on aggregates of this size is repeated in
the size of 3-2 mm (Table 2).
C
ONCLUSION
In conclusion, when low-tillage technology is
used, as a result of the accumulation of organic
matter on the pre-harvested piles and their decay,
the aggregates of the soil are restored to a certain
extent not only in the plow layer, but also in the
sub-plot layers. This leads to recovery and
increase of soil fertility.
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Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
112
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
107-112
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.478
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(2022:
5.636
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(2023:
6.741
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OCLC
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